2017年阅读3复习资料.pdf

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1、2017年阅读3复习资料考试题型说明单选题，抽选前八篇阅读中某两篇，各10个小题，每小题2分，共计40分判断题，抽选前八篇阅读中某一篇，10个小题，每题2分，共计20分完形填空题，抽选完型阅读中一篇，10个空，每空2分，共计20分单选题，抽选补充材料阅读某两篇，各5个小题，每题2分，共计20分。答案：店名一、Searching for Utopia1 While most of the world seems to be motivated by more money,better televisions,more powerful cars,the highest-tech computer

2、s,bigger houses,there are someindependent souls who are tired of“the rat-race1 1 that is,the stressful pressures ofworking hard to get ahead.Since around 1990,there has been a slow but steady risein intentional communities”in the U.S.An intentional community is a group ofpeople who have chosen to li

3、ve together with a common purpose.Although quitediverse in philosophy and lifestyle,each of these groups places a high priority on asense of community,in other words,the feeling of belonging and mutual support.There were 300 intentional communities listed in the 1990 edition of the IntentionalCommun

4、ities Directory;by 1995,this had grown to 600,and it is estimated thatthere are now several thousand,listed and unlisted,in operation.These communitiesvary in size,but in the 600 listed communities in 1995,total population,includingchildren,was estimated at 24,000.2 At first glance,the intentional c

5、ommunity movement appears quite diverse.It ismulti-generational,i.e.with ages ranging from children to seniors.They may chooseto live together on a piece of rural land,in a suburban centre,or in an urbanneighborhood.In some communities,individuals own their own land and house;inothers,these things a

6、re shared.There is a wide variety of choices regarding standardof living-some embrace voluntary simplicity while others have full access to theproducts and services of today s society.Even the purposes vary widely.Forexample,communities have been formed to create great family neighborhoods,tolive ec

7、ologically sustainable lifestyles,or simply to live with others who share theirvalues.Some are secular while others are committed to a common religious belief.3 What unites the intentional community movement is its members1 proud rejection ofmainstream consumer values.Nearly all communities encourag

8、e sharing itemsmembers 630 don*t need to own privately,for example,washing machines,trucks,swimming pools.Many communities serve as model environmental or teachingcenters fbr sustainable agriculture.For example,The Farm,a large cooperativecommunity in rural Tennessee does not reject competitive busi

9、ness practices butrather,commits to a vision of environmentally friendly business.Members of TheFarm work in several small-scale industries including solar electronics,solar carresearch,and a publishing company for alternative books.4 An example of an intentional community committed to voluntary sim

10、plicity isVashon Co-Housing Community.Its members choose to live in small unpainted woodhouses,shingled with cedar.nUncle Martin decided to leave New York in 1989 andmove his family to the Vashon Co-Housing.He and his family live on little money,don*t own a computer,and forbid anything with the Disn

11、ey label on it.Rather thanplaying Myst on the computer,the family spends their evening playing old-fashionedcard games,or reading.Residents live in separate dwellings but homes are connectedby dirt roads,there are 13 acres of communal land,all residents attend bimonthlymeetings,and every month there

12、 is a work party in which everybody pitches in withoutdoor chores.5 These communities are the newest expression of the 300-year-old American desireto build a non-hierarchical,or equal,community with values uncorrupted by thelarger society.It was this desire to form a new,ideal community which brough

13、t thePilgrims to the U.S.in the early 17th century.300 years later,it is still impossible tofind a community that has achieved perfection.The problems we see out there”inthe mainstream-greed,dishonesty,egoism,competition,factionalism all manageto find their way into alternative cultures too.However,

14、intentional communities havea much lower crime rate than their mainstream neighbors,and claim a more caringand satisfying lifestyle.They are committed to ideals of ecology,cooperation,andfamily,even though they may often fail to reach those ideals perfectly.Their utopianvision provides a challenge t

15、o the pace and purpose of modern American society.Choose the best choice1.b y 1995,this had grown to 600,and it is estimated that there are now severalthousand.(paragraph 1).What does this mean here?A.populationB.white collarsC.intentional communities.2.in others,these things are shared,(paragraph 2

16、)what does these things meanhere?A.land and houseB.food and waterC.agricultural products3.Its members choose to lie in small unpainted wood houses.(paragraph 4).Whatdoes its mean here?A.the FarmB.Uncle MartinC.Vashon Co-Housing Community*s.4.He and his family live on little money,H,(paragraph 4)what

17、 does he mean here?A.Uncle MartinB.the authorC.the farmer5.they are committed to ideas of ecology,cooperation,and family.(paragraph 5).What does they mean here?A.Uncle MartinB.intentional communitiesC.Vashon Co-housing Community6.what is the general idea of the article?A.intentional communities are

18、quit diverse with more differences than similarities.B.intentional communities reject material goods.C.Although intentional communities are diverse,they share a common commitmentto ecology and family.7.who choose to live in small unpainted wood houses?A.the FarmB.Vashon Co-housing CommunityC.Uncle M

19、artin8.what is the total population of 600 listed communities in 1995 in the U.S?A.24,000B.20,000C.4million9.according to the passage,what unites the intentional community movements is itsmembers9 proud rejection of.A.vision of great futureB.sharing valuesC.mainstream consumer values.10.what are the

20、 problems we see in the mainstream?A.greed,dishonesty,egoism,competition,factionalismB.choresC.crime rate,egoism,greed11.sustainable means_in Chinese.A.可持续的B.牢固的C.残酷的12.a r o u n d,there has been a slow but steady rise in intentional communities inthe U.S.A.1980B.1970C.199013.what does the rat-race

21、mean in the first paragraph?A.relaxing lifeB.stressful pressures of working hard to get aheadC.race attended by rat14.which intentional community is committed to voluntary simplicity?_A.Vashon Co-housing CommunityB.the FarmC.a common community15.what is the authors attitude toward intentional commun

22、ity?_A.indifferentB.pessimisticC.optimistic16.do all intentional community support voluntary simplicity according to the text?A.yesB.noC.not mentioned17.where is the community The Farm?A.New YorkB.Washington D.CC.rural Tennessee18.what does diverse mean?A.the sameB.similarC.different19.is intentiona

23、l community a new lifestyle in the U.S?A.noB.yesC.not mentioned20.when did the Pilgrims come to the U.S?A.in the early 16由 centuryB.in the late 16th centuryC.in the early 17lh centuryTrue or FalseRead the article and decide if the following sentences are true T or false F.1.Since around 1990,there h

24、as been a slow but steady decrease in intentionalcommunities.2.The total population of 600 listed communities in 1995 was 24,000.3.All intentional communities are rural.4.All intentional communities reject the products and services of todays society.5.The Farm is an example of a community that is bu

25、siness-oriented.6.These communities are a new idea in the United States.7.They have succeeded in creating utopian lifestyles with no greed,dishonesty oregoism.8.All intentional communities are committed to a common religious belief.9.The intentional communities are different in lifestyles.10.Intenti

26、onal communities are the newest expression of the 300-hundred-oldAmerican desire to build an equal community.11.Some intentional communities are secular.12.The Farm,an intentional community,is a small sized individual ownedcommunity.13.Residents of Vashon Co-housing Community embrace products of mod

27、ernsociety.14.Most intentional communities are successful and have achieved perfection.15.All social problems occurred in mainstream still find their ways in thoseintentional communities.16.Many communities serve as model environmental or teaching centers.17.Some intentional communities choose to li

28、ve on a piece of rural land.18.Most members of intentional community welcome values of mainstream.19.Pilgrims moved to the U.S in the early 17th century.20.All intentional communities desire to build a non-hierarchical community,butthey still have problems existing in the mainstream.二、The Most Innov

29、ative City1 Continual migration and lack of city planning has created an unfriendlyenvironment fbr many cities in the world today.Problems such as poverty,crime,public education,and pollution control plague the majority of the world*s cities.Eachone,it seems,is struggling to avoid urban disaster.But

30、 Curitiba,Brazil,a city of 1.6million people,is dealing with these problems.This little-known city in southeastBrazil is being recognized as the place that has solutions to many of the world sgrowing urban problems.2 Like most other overcrowded and poor cities in the world,Curitiba had a seriousgarb

31、age problem,until it introduced its ngarbage that is not garbage program.Through this program,more than 70%of its trash is recycled-compared with the 25%in Los Angeles.Christano Pinheiro,a seven-year-old boy shows how its done.At thestart of the school year,Pinheiro traded 8 pounds of recyclable gar

32、bage for a 632packet of new notebooks.Each week,he and his two older brothers exchange trashfor fresh fruit or 2 pounds of protein-rich beans.The program helps the poor.In 1995,the city exchanged nearly 2 million pounds of food,348,000 Easter eggs and 26,000Christmas cakes for recyclable trash.Hundr

33、eds of quilts for the needy were stuffedwith crushed Styrofoam.Christiano was one of 25,000 poor children who receivedthese supplies.Curitiba is now known as the world1 s recycling capital.3 Household garbage was not the only reason to begin a recycle program.Old wornout equipment was frequently bei

34、ng replaced with new technology and equipment.Like every other city,old,yet usable materials were being dumped around the city ofCuritiba.This gave engineers and architects an opportunity to work together to use thematerials creatively.Old wooden telephone poles are now reused in office buildings,br

35、idges and public squares.Retired buses have become mobile classrooms for adulteducation.Virtually everything has more than one use,said Mayor Rafael Greca,whose airy office overlooking a park is made of old poles and glass.If s just a matterof figuring out how to reuse things and then teaching peopl

36、e how to do it.4 Environmental efforts were only a small part of the plan fbr Curitiba.The latestadditions are the Lighthouses of Learning,based on the great lighthouse and library inAlexandria.Egypt,one of the ancient worlds seven wonders.The first lighthousewas built as an experiment in 1995 to de

37、termine exactly who would use it,and theeffect it would have on the suiTounding neighborhood.Within six months of beingopened,it was clear that it was popular.Soon after,a lighthouse was built in each ofthe city*s neighborhoods.5 The brightly coloured lighthouses have 5.OOO-volume libraries on the f

38、irst floor,reading rooms on the second and a guard in a light tower that transmits a strong beamto provide community security.One of the lighthouses is three blocks from myhome,so 1 use it for all my school projects,said Deucina Costa,a high schoolsenior who stops in every couple of weeks.So do my 1

39、 O-year-old brother and12-year-old sister.Mom lets them come because it s safe.Now,the lighthouseshave become the fbcal point of neighborhoods and have cut crime rates.They eachcost about$180,000.It1 s cheaper to build libraries than prisons said Greca.6 Curitiba is also taking government to the peo

40、ple.Unlike other cities wheregovernment buildings are located in an often isolated,high rent area,governmentoffices in Curitiba are accessible to everyone on what is known as Citizen Streets.These Citizen Streets are colorful covered avenues of government offices and shopswhere residents can pay uti

41、lity bills,get a marriage license,have a haircut,buygroceries or file a police report.And instead of zoning the city into commercial,institutional and leisure facilities as most cities do,Curitiba*s planners have mergedthem all together so that people can use their time effectively at a minimum cost

42、.TheCitizen Streets have 600-seat open theaters,sports areas,and classrooms that offerprofessional training for$1 a course.In one recent computer class,Marta Penha,a28-yearold teacher,said she enrolled because the price is right.With my income,this is the only route to advancement.7 In 1991,Curitiba

43、 built the Free University for the Environment-from oldtelephone poles.Short courses on how to make better use of the environment aretailored for homemakers,contractors and merchants.Taxi drivers have to take acourse to get an operator1 s license.By the end of 1993,34 environmentally friendlydaycare

44、 centers were up and running.Children get a chance to interact,and learnabout their environment.The activities include making masks of animals facingextinction from magazine pages.They are then sold in a string of souvenir shops,with profits helping to pay for the facilities.In small gardens out bac

45、k,the kids growvegetables for their snacks.8 nWe*re trying to create a whole new set of attitudes and a sense of involvement inthis city Greca said.uTo the people of Curitiba,this city is the best human inventionthere is.Choose the best choice1.This reading is about the_in Curitiba.a.Changes,b.probl

46、ems c.buildings2.The city of Curitiba solved its garbage problem by_.a.Dumping it.b.recycling it.c.distributing it3.Office buildings are built using_.a.New equipment b.old technology c.old wood4.The light house4s of learning are r e a l l y.a.Prisons b.libraries c.schools5.Citizen streets ar e.a.Car

47、efully zoned b.high rent areas c.not zoned6.Shopping on citizen street is_.a.Convenient b.expensive c.difficult7.The free university offers courses on_a.Safe driving b.the environment c.child care8.The children make paper masks to pay fora.Souvenir shops b.daycare facilities c.vegetable snacks9.Ever

48、y fall there is a large_ of birds to warmer part of the world.a.Plague b.migration c.transmit10.She asked that the coat be_to her body so it would fit perfectly.a.Tailored b.merged c.isolated11.Which of the following is the general idea of the article?a.Curitiba is famous because it has so many prob

49、lemsb.Many poor people live in Curitibac.The changes made to Curitiba have made it a good place to live.12.Which city provided solutions to the growing urban problems?a.Curitibab.New Yorkc.Tokyo13.More than_ of its trash is recycled in Curitiba.a.25%b.50%c.70%14.Every fall there is a large of birds

50、to warmer part of the world.a.Migrationb.Mergingc.Disaster15.In 1991,Curitiba built for the Environment.a.Light houseb.Neighborhoodc.Free university16.What is the name of the program for recycling garbage?a.Light houseb.Garbage that is not garbagec.Souvenir shops17.Curitiba is known as the w o r l d