【八年级英语下册单元知识梳理辅导】.pdf

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1、【八年级英语下册单元知识梳理辅导】目目标语法目标词汇目标语言技标话题功能核心词拓展词认读词词组文化能 单元Unitl表学会1.一般将来时willskateboard,surf,cola,how often,L对自腿Will people have robots?达个人主张表达对未来的预测和想的用法People will haverobots in theirrooms.There will be moreshop,junk,chip,unhealthylifestyle,yuck,interviewerhigh school,asfor,junk food,how many,ofcourse,

2、lookafter,a lot of己，他人以及环境的未来-S主HS和总见法pollution.2.more,less 和fewer用于表示数发展进行预测。:7S#ns量的用法More/fewer+countable nounsMore/less+2.了解一些科学常uncountablenouns识。Unit 2提谈论1.用have描述疾have,cold,back,matter,sore,stress,have a cold,1.注意What should I do?建问题病arm,ear,eye,foot,stomachache,yin,yang,be stressed在不议提出建议Wha

3、ts thematter?1 have aheadachehand,head,leg,mouth,neck,nose,stomach,tooth,throat,honey,shouldnt,Dangshen,Huangqi,tofu,balancedout,a few,atthe moment,host family同的文化背景台匕2.情态动词shouldtoothache,fever,cookie,中如il口 语il台匕I/shouldntrest,dentist,should,headache,ago,so,illness,advice,thirsty,balance,herb,diet,

4、dear何恰当地表达赞同early,problem,way,traditional,believe,weak,angry,medicine,western,everybody,get,few,stay,important,moment,late,或不赞同的观点。2.注忠心理健康问题簟需大until,yesterday,hear材mm毋M契Unit 3What were you doing when theUFO arrived?有趣的1i-情讲述过去正在发生的事情1.现在进行时态表示将来的计划或安排A:What are youdoing for vacation?B:Pm spendingti

5、me with myfriends.2 现在进行时态的特殊疑问句When are yougoing?How long are youstaying?plan,away,send,postcard,bike,ride,famous,something,lake,leave,countryside,nature,forget,finish,touristcamp,sightseeing,fish,renthike,yeah,babysithow long,getback,take avacation,a lot培养科学探索精神6Unit 4He said I was hard-working.讲故

6、事转述他人的话How引导的特殊疑问句How do you get toschool?How long does ittake,walk,train,forty,fifty,seventy,eighty,ninety,hundred,minute,take,by,hey,meanssubway,transportationby bus,howfar,dependon,by boat,look at1.了解美国青少年的一take?How far is it?far,kilometer,shower,quick,bicycle,station,early,mile,stop,north,part,t

7、hing,other,depend,river,boat,must,more,than,car,town,ill,worry,so,much.些课外生活。2.了解美国学生成绩单的形式和内容Unit 5作谈论1.用can引导的一 lesson,another,invitation,calendarthe day after美国If you go to the party,youll have a决将来般疑问句发出请concert,whom,projecttomorrow,人如great time.定卜 分求tomorrow,come over何开可能A:Can you comeweekday,p

8、ity,.派对的事to my birthdayTraining,情party?chemistry,B:Sure,Fd love to.American,match,C:Tm sorry I havewhole,over,free,to.till2.情态动词haveto 的用法Unit 6兴谈论1.比较级的用法serious,smart,outgoing,schoolworkmore than,in奥林How long have you been collecting趣做事Tom has shorternote,mean,as,twin,common,be匹克shells?爱好情的持续时间hai

9、r than SamSam is moreoutgoing thanTom2.both的用法They both likesportsway,both,physics,however,common,make,laugh,for,interest,though,necessary,beat,care,friendship,primary,informationcalm,wild,athletic,hers,opposite,viewgood at,mostof,primaryschool的由来Unit 7表委婉，1.祈使句cut,up,into,cup,pour、mix、shake,milk sh

10、ake,中，西Would you mind turning down the达礼貌First,peel thewatermelon,popcorn,blender,turn on,cup方礼music?不地提bananas and cutinstruction,salt,boil,turkey,amount,up,mix up,仪的酒上二出请求。表示歉意them up.Then putthe milk into theblender.2.how many/howm uch引导的特殊疑问句How manyadd,sandwich,bread,butter,top,check,cluck,panc

11、akeslice,sauce,rollyogurt,ingredient,peel,teaspoon,relish,finally,popper,lettuce,super,add.to.,greenonion差异bananas do weneed?How much yogurtdo we need?recipeUnit 8赠L 比1.一般过去时的肯gift,hang,win,shark,seal,aquarium,hang out,赠送Why dont you get her a scarf?送较不定句和否定句prize,visitor,end,souvenir,autograph,slee

12、p late,yard礼物礼同的There werent anymonitor,drive,off,playeroctopus,sale的文物东西sharks,but thererain,DVD,yard,Chicago,化差和小were some reallyumbrella,raincoat,California,异情。2.smart seals.wet,competition,outdoor,给别I didnt win thefuture,again.luckily人提hat.I bought it.出建2.一般过去时的一议和般疑问句意见Did you go to thezoo?Were

13、there.?Unit 9有谈论1.被动语态International,Sneeze,golf,bear,hiccup,too.to.,ice了解Have you ever been to an趣过去He was born inrecord,national,perform,Brazilian,skating,主题amusement park?的的经1995gold,become,call,medal,hum,the U.S,take公园地历2.when引导的状kind,grandson,unusual,achievement,part in,方语从句skate,tour,could,viol

14、inist,gymnast,because of,She became asong,person,alive,champion,loving,table tennis,move star whenAsia,university,well-known,championship,major inshe was 3 yearsnumberpianist,golfer.cld.athletetalented,3.when 和 howcreative,long引导的一般outstanding,过去时的特殊疑piece,问句accordion,Poland,major,management,Single,

15、1TTFUnit 10闲1.学l.be going togrow,engineer,part-time,programmer,grow up,了解Its a nice day,isnt it?聊会用2.vvant to bepilot,act,move,exhibition,professional,computer西方英语3.what,where,dream,retire,resolution,science,at the日常恰当when 和 how 引somewhere,save,instrument,readersame time,all闲聊地闲导的特殊疑问句hold,rich,trav

16、el,fax,over,exchange的常聊。yet,over,fit,exchangestudent识2.学communicate,会写感谢信。lady,foreign,teach,build 中 考 英 语 易 混 词 汇 总 结1.clothes,cloth,clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of,an article of2.incident,accidentincident 指小事件,accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accide

17、nt.3.amount,numberamount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词a number of students4.family,house,homehom e家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.My family is a happy one.5.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6.photo,picture,drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Lets g

18、o and see a good picture.7.vocabulary,wordvocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.8.population,peoplepopulation 人口，人数，people 具体的人 China has a large population.9.weather,climateweather 一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10.road,street,path,wayroad具体的公路，马路，

19、street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径take this road;in the street,show me the way to the museum.11.course,subjectcourse课 程（可包括多门科H）,subject科 目（具体的学科）a summer course12.custom,habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do,habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing.Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.13.cause,reasoncause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接

20、of sth./doing sth,reason川来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late14.exercise,exercises,practiceexercise 运动，锻 炼（不可数），exercises 练 习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect.15.class,lesson作“课11解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class,lesson 6;class 516.speech,talk,lecturespeech指在公共场所

21、所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲 课 a series of lecture on17.officer,officialofficer 部队的军官，official 政府官员 an army officer18.work,job二者均指工作。work不可数，job可 数 a good job19.couple,paircouple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers20.country,nation,state,landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，

22、state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国 家 The whole nation was sad at the news.21.cook,cookercook 厨师，cooker 厨具 He is a good cook.22.damage,damagesdamage不可数名词，损害，损失;damages复数形式，赔偿金$900 damages23.police,policemanpolice警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.24.problem,questionp

23、roblem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系，多和ask,answer连）目25.man,a manman 人类，a man 一个男人 Man will conquer nature.26.chick,chicken二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.27.telegram,telegraph当电报解时，telegram 指具体的，telegraph 指抽象的 a telegram,by telegraph28.tripjourney,travel,voyagetra

24、vel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip29.sport,gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.30.price,prizeprice 价格，prize 奖,奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/lovv.31.a number of,the number ofa number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of

25、 的数H,谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.32.in front of,in the front ofin front of 范围外的前面，in the front of 范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.33.of the day,of a dayof the day每一天的，当时的,当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的a famous scientist of the day34.three of us,the three of usthree of us 我 们（不止三个）中

26、的三个，the three of us 我们三个（就三个人）The threeof usTom Jack and I went to the cinema.35.by bus,on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围They went there by bus.36.for a moment,for the momentfor a moment 片亥！J,会儿，for the moment 暂时,时 Thinking for a moment,he agreed.37.next year,the next yearnext year 将来时间状语，th

27、e next year 过去将来时间状语 He said he would go abroad the next year.38.more than a year,more than one yearmore than a year-t年多，more than one yeai超过一年(两年或三年等)39.take advice,take the(ones)advicetake advice 征求意见，take the advice 接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.40.take air,take the airtake

28、air 传播，走漏，take the air 到户外去，散步 We take the air every day.41.in a word,in wordsin a word 总之，一句话，in words 口头上 In a word,you are right.42.in place of,in the place ofin place of 代替，in the place of 在 地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.43.in secret,in the secretin secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用

29、作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44.a girl,one girla girl 可泛指所有女孩,one girl 一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?45.take a chair,take the chairtake a chair 相当于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 开始开会46.go to sea,by sea,by the seagotosea当海员，出航，bysea乘船，由海路，by th

30、e sea在海边go by sea47.the doctor and teacher,the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher 两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is48.in office,in the officein office 在职的,in the office 在办公室里 He is in office,not out of office.49.in bed,on the bedin bed 卧在床上，on

31、 the bed 在床上 The book is on the bed.He is ill in bed.50.in charge of,in the charge ofin charge of 管理，负责照料，in the charge of tl.照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.51.in class,in the classin class 在课上,in the class 在班级里 He is the best student in the class.52.on fire,on t

32、he fireon fire 着“Qon the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question,out of the questionout of question 毫无疑问的，out of the question 不可能的54.a second,the seconda second 又一,再一，the second 第 He won the second prize.55.by day,by the dayby day 白天，by the day 按天计算 The workers are

33、paid by the day.56.the people,a peoplethe people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it,oneit 同一物体，one 同类不同一 I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that,thisthat指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的I was ill.That*why.59.none,nothing,no onenone强调有多少，nothing,no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人How man

34、y./How much.?i None.60.anyone,any oneanyone指人，不能接of,anyone指人物均可，可接of any one of you61.who,whatwho指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad?He is a teacher.62.what,whichw hat的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择 Which do you prefer,bananas or apples?63.other,anotherother 后接名词 复数，another 后接名 词单数 other students,another

35、student64.not a little,not a bitnot a little 非常，not a bit 一点也不 Im not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。65.many,much,a lot ofmany和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，alotof可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句I haven,t many books.66.much more.than,many more.thanmuch more.than 后接形容词或不可数名词，many more.than 后接可数名词 many more people,much more water,much mo

36、re beautiful67.no,notno=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water68.no more than,not more thanno more than相当于only,仅仅，只有，not more th an至多，不超过69.majority,mostmajority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可the majority of people70.by oneself,for oneself,to oneself,of oneselfby oneself 单独的，独自的，for onesel

37、f 为自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自动的 The door opened of itself.71.at all,after allat all 根本，全然,after all 到底,毕竟 After all he is a child.72.tall,hightall常指人或动物，high常指物体He is tall.73.fast,quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快run fast,answer the question quickly74.high,highlyhigh具体的高，hi

38、ghly抽象的高，高度的think highly of75.healthy,healthfulhealthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise76.sleeping,asleep,sleepysleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.Im sleepy.77.gold,goldengold指真金制品,golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring78.most,mostlymost用于表感受的肯定句

39、中，相当于v ery,当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分，是副词most people,the people are mostly.79.just,veryjust表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语the very man,just the man80.wide,broadwide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders81.real,truereal真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold,a true story82.respectfu

40、l,respectablerespectful 尊敬，有礼貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged83.outwards,outward二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词an outward voyage84.pleasant,pleased,pleasingpleasant 常M J 作定语，pleased,pleasing 常 JIJ 作表语，pleased 主语常为人，pleasing 主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.85.understanding

41、,understandableunderstanding 明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl,an understandable mistake86.close,closelyclose 接近，靠近，closely 紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected,stand close87.ill,sickill做表语，sick定,表均可a sick boy88.good,wellgood形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词He is well again.89.quiet,silent,stillqui

42、et安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响He stand there still.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。90.hard,hardlyhard 努力，hardly 几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.91.able,capableable 与不定式 to do 连用,capable 与 of 连用 He is capable of doing.92.almost,nearly二者均为 几乎，差不多 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody93.late,latelylate 迟，

43、晚，lately 最近，近来 I havent seen him lately.94.living,alive,live,livelyliving,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive95.excited,excitingexcited 使人兴奋的，exciting 令人兴奋的 I m excited.The news is exciting.96.deep,deeplydeep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地dee

44、ply moved,dig deep97.aloud,loudaloud出声地，loud大声地read aloud（出声地读）98.worth,worthy二者均为值得，worth 后接 doing,worthy 后接 to be done,of being doneIt is worth visiting.=Its worthy to be visited.=Its worthy of being visited.99.bad,badlybad 形容词，badly 副词，不好，但与 need,want,require 连用为 很，非常 go bad I need the book badly

45、.100.before long,long beforebefore long 不久以后，long before 很久以前 not long before=before long101.quite,ratherquite 完全地，相当于 completely,rather 修饰比较级 quite impossible102.happy,gladhappy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语a happy girl103.instead,instead ofinstead 是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of 是介词短语，放在句中 He didnt see a film.Ins

46、tead he watched TV.He watched TV instead of seeing a film.104.too much,much tootoo m uch后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy105.be about to,be going to,be to dobe about to 表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going t o 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排Im to meet him.（含双方事先约好的意思）106.raise,riseraise 及物动词，rise 不及物动词 The sun ri

47、ses in the east.107.bring,take,carry,fetchbring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetch a box of chalk108.spend,take,pay,costspend人做主语，花钱，花时制;spend.on sth./in doing sth;take物做主语，花时间;pay人做主语，花钱，pay for;cost物做主语，花钱109.join Join in,take part injoin加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in 参加小型的活动,join sb.in；take part i n

48、参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago.110.learn,studylearn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究study the problem111.want,hope,wishwant 打算，想要，want to do,want sb.to do,hope 希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/hope tha匚.wish 希望（通常不能实现）wish（sb.）to do,wish sb/sth.+n.1 wish you success.112.discover,invent,find outdiscover发现

49、本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查 明 At last he found out the truth.113.answer,replyanswer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后 接 to reply to the letter114.leave,leave forleave 离开，leave for 前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.115.rob,stealrob 抢劫 rob sb.of sth.，steal 偷 steal sth.from sb.116.shoot,shoot atshoot 射死,s

50、hoot at 瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.117.drop,falldrop 及物不及物均可，fall 不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped.He dropped his voice.118.search,search forsearch 后接地点，search for 后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.119.used to,be used toused to 过去常常,be used to 习惯于，后接 sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth.He is used