2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(上)Units 1-3.pdf

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1、八年级（上）Units 1-3教材词汇分层训练争 重 点 单 词 背 记1 .anywhere或母在任何地方2.most adj.,adv.&最多;大多数3.myself pro”.我自己;我本人4.hen九母鸡5.pig .猪6.seem比好像;似乎;看来7.activity.活动8.try v.&九尝试;设法;努力9.bird .鸟lO.bicycle.自行车;脚踏车11.trader n.商人12.top,顶部;表面adj.（位 置、级别等）最高的13.umbrella几伞;雨伞14.wet。力.湿的;潮湿的;下雨的15.below prep.&比在.下面;到.下面16.enough a

2、dj.&adv.足够的（地）;充足的（地）;充分的（地）17.as。血 像.样;如 同co切.当.时;如同18.hill几小山；山丘19如ck几鸭20.housework几家务劳动;家务事21.h a r d l y几乎不;几乎没有22.e v e r在任何时候;从来;曾经23.once a d v L次;曾经24.twice adv.两次;两倍25.Internet几（国际）互联网;因特网26.program/programme 几节 目27.full 忙的;满的;充满的28.maybe。小.大概;或许;可能29.coffee.咖啡3O.result.结果;后果31.online a d j

3、.&在线（的）;联网（的）32.television n.电视节目；电视机33.although 虽然;尽管;即使34.through pwp.以;凭借;穿过35.mind九头 脑;心 智H介意36.body比身体37.such a d j.&几这样的;那样的;类似的38.together a小.在一起;共同39.magazine九杂志;期刊40.however。小.然而;不过41.than窿.&co句.（用以引出比较的第二部分）比42.almost 几乎;差不多43.none p/wz.没有一个;毫无44.point几得 分;点u指;指向45.both adj.&两个;两个都46.1oudl

4、y 喧闹地;大声地;响亮地47.hardworking 切.工作努力的;辛勤的48.fantastic 极好的;了不起的49.which pron.&.哪一个;哪一些50.t h o u g h不 过;可 是;然 而cozy.虽然;尽管;不过51.kid儿小孩;年轻人52.necessary时.必需的;必要的53.grade几成绩等级;评分等级54.should modal v.应该;应当;可以55.reach v.伸手;到达;抵达56.hand 几手57.heart几内心;心脏58.fact.现实;事实59.arm.手臂;上肢6O.share乜分享供享洪用;分摊61.primary。力.最初

5、的;最早的62.information机信息;消息争 重 点 单 词 拓 展1 .anyone 任何人一 everyone mzm.每人:人人:所有人 someone 刊几某人2.wonderful 4力.精彩的:绝妙的t w onder艮 想知道:琢磨.奇观;奇迹3.few adj.&.不多:很少 fewer（比较级）一 比west（最高级）4.something 某事;某物一 nothing pron.没有什么;没有一件东西一 anything pron.i何事物;任何东西5.yourself p/zm.你自己;您自己t yourselves（复数形式）6.bored adj.厌倦的;烦闷

6、的-borine adj.令人厌烦的;乏味的7.diary.日记:记事簿diaries（复数形式）8.enjoyable 力.有乐趣的:令人愉快的enjoy 享受.的乐趣;喜爱9.decide我.决定:选定 decision.决定:抉择10.wait必等待:等候t waiter w男服务员:侍者一 waitress.女服务员;侍者11.hungry。力.饥饿的一 hunger.饥饿12.die艮 消失;灭亡;死亡-died（过去式/过去分词）一 dying（现在分词）death n.死亡一dead adj.死 的;失 去 生 命 的dying adj.濒临消亡的;垂死的13.win比获胜:赢:

7、赢得won（过去式/过去分词）一 winner.获胜者14.care 乂 在意;担忧;关心 caring adi.体贴人的;关心他人的 careful adj.小心的 carefullyad v.谨慎地 careless adj.不小心的carelessly adv.粗心地;不在意地15.laugh比笑;发笑 儿笑声 lauqhler.笑:笑声16.serious。的.严肃的;稳重的 seriously 4dll严重地:严肃地:认真地17.touch艮感动:触摸-louched。力.受感动的18.break u（使）破;裂;碎;损坏九（课间）休息 broke（过去式）t broken（过去分词

8、）broken adj.破损的;残缺的19.similar adj.相像的;类似的 similarly adv.相像地:类似地一 象milaritv 相似性;类似处:警重点短语积累1 .stay at home待在家里2.quite a few相当多;不少3.of course当然;自然4.keep a diary 记 日 记5.decide to do sth.决定做某事6.feel like给.的感觉;感受到7.wait for 等待8.because o f因为，由于9.hardly ever几乎从不10.three times a week 一周三次11.at least至少;不少于;

9、起码12.such as例如;像.这样13.more than 多于;超过14.1ess than少于;不到15.care about 关心;在意16.as long as只要;既然17.be different from 与.不同;与.有差异18.bring out使显现;使表现出19.the same as 和.相同;与.致2O.reach for伸手去拿21.in fact确切地说;事实上;实际上22.be similar to与.相像的、类似的23.primary school 小学争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词1 .It is useful for us to lear

10、n English by keeping a diary（日记）in English.2.Tom didnt have breakfast this morning,so he feels hungry（饥饿的）now.3.Yes terday I bought some fruit from a trader（WA）on my way home.4.The hotel is full（满的）up tonight,so we have to go to another one.5.Sam shared（分享）his chocolate with other kids yesterday.6.P

11、lease follow the rules.Dont louch（触碰）the photos in the museum.7.He has got very high points（得分）in the final exam.8.Do you know the result 色吉果）of the high jump competition?熟词生义l.full熟 义:忙 的;满 的;充满的生义：吃饱了的;完整的;详尽的;圆的（1）1 am full enough to eat nothing C）（2）Then we eat mooncakes and enjoy the full moon.

12、（译林牛津七上 Unit 5）（D）A.忙 的B.详尽的C.吃 饱 了 的D.圆的2.result熟义:.结果;后果;成果生义:因而）产生;发生机成绩;得分（1）1 like math and I dream of achieving good research results like the top scientists.（2020湖南郴州）（A）（2）How can the boy know his test results?（D）A.成 果B.后 果C.产 生D.得分3.through熟义:p%p.以;凭借;穿过生义:prep.自始至终;从 头 到 尾a加（电话）接通（l）On sun

13、ny days,you can enjoy the sunshine through the window.（2020四川凉山）（B）（2）Whats more,its a great way to spend our free time by looking through those funny videos.（2020黑龙江龙东X C）A.凭 借B.穿过C.从 头 到 尾D.接通4.mind熟义:.头脑;心 智 也介意;对（某事）烦恼生义:R当心;留意;关心，照看（人或物）（l）Would you mind handing me a pair of serving chopsticks?

14、（2020安徽）（B）（2）Could you mind my bags for a moment?（D）A.头 脑B.介意C.当 心D.照看5.grade熟义:.成绩等级;评分等级;（美国学制）年级生义:.等级;品 级 划 分 等级;给评分（l）Playing computer games may influence our grades/A）（2）Don,t grade people through their income/C）A.成 绩 等 级B.年 级C.划分等级6.hand熟义:九.手也递;交;给生义:.帮助;指针（l）Jack handed the teacher his pap

15、er and went out.（B）（2）一Could you give me a hand?I cant move the box by myself.No problem.（2020北京X C）A.手 B.递C帮 助D.指针7.break熟义:也（使）破;裂;碎;损坏.休息;间隙生义上违反;背弃;打破（纪 录）(l)And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made.Anyone who breaks the law will bepunished.(2020重庆 B 卷X C)(2)Fm used to tak

16、ing a break at noon.(B)(3)In 2004,he won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race,and at the same timebroke the Olympic Games record.(外研九上 Module 8)(D)A.损 坏B.休息C违 反D.打破(纪录)8.point熟义:几得分;点;要点以指;指向;指出生义:几观点;特点；目的(l)He pointed to a gate.(C)(2)She shared several interesting points

17、 in the articled B)A.得 分B.观 点C.指向名师考点精讲重I点I词 汇I考点1复合不定代词或副词的用法【教材原句】Oh,really?Did you go with anyone?哦，真的吗？你和别人一起去的吗?(P2)L构成:one/body thing wheresome any no everysomesomeone/somebody somethingsomewhereanyanyone/anybodyanythinganywherenono one/nobodynothingnowhereevery everyone/everybody everythingev

18、erywhere注意:形容词修饰复合不定代词时，总是位于复合不定代词之后。2.用法:复合不定代词在句中通常只能作主语、宾语和表语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。复合不定副词在句中可作表语，也可作状语，修饰动词或其他副词。例如：I did nothing.I just stayed there我什么也没做，就只是待在那里。（宾语）Is everybody here?大家都到了吗?（主语）He looked for his bicycle everywhere,but he could*find it.他到处找他的自行车,但没有找到。（状语）Your bike must be somewher

19、e in the school.你的自行车一定在学校的某个地方。俵语）活学活用1.（2021 贵州安顺改编）Did you do fun on your vacation,Tara?一Yes,I did.l went to Sanya.A.everything B.anythingC.nothing D.something【解析】考查不定代词。句意:你假期做了什么有趣的事吗，塔拉?是的。我去了三亚。根据语境可知，前者是问后者假期做了什么有趣的事情。在疑问句中表示“一些事情”，应用anythingo【答案】B2.（2021 江苏盐城）一Why are you laughing,Daniel?-T

20、here is funny in the newspaper.Come and see.A.anything B.somethingC.everything D.nothing【解析】考查不定代词。句意:丹尼尔，你为什么笑?报纸上有些有趣的事情。快来看看。根据语境可知，因为报纸上有一些有趣的事情,所以丹尼尔才会笑。在肯定句中表示“一些事情”,应用something o【答案】B考点2decide的用法【教材原句】It was sunny and hot,so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.天气晴朗又炎热，所以我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。

21、（P5）N decide（not）to do sth.决定（不）做 某 事）decide （decidethat宾语从句决定.）decide特殊疑问词+to do决意其名词形式为decision“决定”，常用固定搭配:makeadeci si on/deci sions“做决定”活学活用1 .After a few weeks s a d n e s s,!t o cheer up and have a wonderful life.A.decided B.continuedC.forgot D.caught【解析】考查动词。句意:难过了几周之后，我决定振作起来，过上美好的生活。decide意

22、为“决定”，符合语境。【答案】A2.Finally,she decidedstudying in Yucai Middle School.A.toB.on C.for D.with【解析】考查介词。句意:最终，她决定在育才中学上学。固定搭配decide on doing sth.意为“决定做某事”,符合语境。【答案】B考点3try的用法【教材原句】My sister and I tried paragliding.我和妹妹尝试了 滑翔伞飞行。（P5）z try to do血努力做某事（付出一定的努力）,、Z try doing办.尝试做某事（不一定付出努力）活学活用一The jeans are

23、 very nice.ril take them.一Youd better first.Fm afraid the size is a bit small for you.A.pay for them B.take them offC.try them on D.look after them【解析】考查动词短语。根据后者说的“恐怕这个尺寸对您来说有点小”可知，后者建议前者试穿一下牛仔裤,以避免尺寸不合适。try on意为“试穿”，符合语境。【答案】C考点4enough的用法【教材原句】My father didnt bring enough money,so we only had one

24、bowl of rice and some fish.我爸爸没有带足够的钱，所以我们只吃了 一碗米饭和一些鱼。(P5)修饰形容词或副词,且必须置于其后常见作副词 句式:adj./adv.+enough+(for sb.)to do sth.1-)“(对某人来说.)足够做某事”(-r修饰名词.置于名词前后均可常用句式：enough J口 作形台词 J enough+n.+(for sb.)to do stk(某人)有足够的做某事”Lf止 小 在 句 中 作 主 语 ,宾语当单独作主语时.谓语F作代词J 一动词常用单数形式例如：I didnt take enough clothes.我没有带足够的

25、衣服。This house isnt big enough for us.这个房子对我们来说不够大。Enough has been said about this topic.关于这个话题说得已经够多了。妙辨异同辨析.enough to.,so.that.和 too.to.(1).enough to.意为“足够.而能去做某事句型结构:形容词/副词+enough to do sth.。当主语是物时,在to前可以加for sb.o(2)so.that 意为“如此.以至于.句型结构:so+形容词/副词+that从句。that后接结果状语从句,常与情态动词can连用。(3)too.to意为”太.以至于

26、不能.”,表否定意义。句型结构:too+形容词/副词+to do sth.o主语是物时,可以在to 的前面加for sb.o(4)通常来说，这三种句型可以相互转换:too.to.=not+相应形容词/副词的反义词+enough to.=so.that+否定句。例如：He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go toschool.他太小了，不能上学。活学活用Dont worry about Jane.She is to take good

27、care of little Tom.A.carefully enough B.careful enoughC.enough careful D.enough carefully【解析】考 查enough的用法。enough修饰形容词和副词时必须放在其后，且根据空前的系动词可知，此处应用形容词构成系表结构，故用careful enough(,【答案】B考 点5die的用法【教材原句】Old habits die hard.旧习难改。(P13)1 .die作动词，意为“消失;灭亡;死亡”，为非延续性动词，后面不能接表示一段时间的时间状语。其名词形式为death,形容词形式有两种:dying意为“

28、垂死的;奄奄一息的”;dead意为“死的;失去生命的”。2.当与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，用be dead表示状态。活学活用1 .His grandmother for six years.And he still misses her very much.A.died B.has diedC.has been dead D.has been died【解析】考查动词的时态。die是非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用，旦die在此处为不及物动词，无被动语态,故排除A、B、D项。be dead表示已死亡的状态，可与时间段连用，符合语境。【答案】C2.The flowers nearly afte

29、r three days without being watered.A.lived B.died C.set D.grew【解析】考查动词。句意:这些花三天没有浇水，差点枯萎了。die死亡;凋零”，符合语境。【答案】B考 点6more than的用法【教材原句】She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day.她通常每天看超过两个小时的电视.(Pl5)颂熙也 注意为二超过;多壬：。例如：More than half of the people agree with the plan.超过一半的人同意这个计划。到 卒 析 more tha

30、n,no more than,less than 和 no less than大于;多于;超过;不只She is more than a teacher to us.她对于我们来说不只是老师。w1仅只;不至过多;仅There are no more than fifteen eggs in the basket.篮子里最多有 15 个鸡蛋。less than小于;少于The baby slept for less than two hours.这个婴儿没睡到两个小时。囹不亚于;不少于;不低于All in all,no less than nine of the students agree w

31、ith us.总而言之,至少有 9 名学生同意我们的观点。活学活用根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词1.我校有3 000多名学生。There are more ihan 3,000 students in our school.【解析】此处表示在数量上超过之意，故 用 morelhan。2.你最多能拿走十颗糖。You can take away no more than ten candies.【解析】no more than意为“至多”，符合语境。重I点I句I型I考点 7How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次电影?(Pl 1)hq以 often意为“多

32、久”，用来对频度副词或表示在某段时间内某种动作重复的次数的状语提问。例如：How often do you play basketball?你多久打一次篮球？一Never.我从不打篮球。How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？Twice a week.每周两次。拓展延伸其他含有how的疑问词组(l)how soon“多久”，对“in+时间段”提问,通常用于将来时态。(2)how long 多久;多长”，可以对“for+时间段”提问，通常用于完成时态，也可对物体长度提问。(3)how far多远”，对距离或事情的进展提问。(4)how many“多少”，对可数名词的

33、数量提问。(5)how much“多少”，对价格或不可数名词的数量提问，也可对程度提问。(6)how old“多大”，对年龄提问o活学活用(2021 福建改编)一 do you play sports,Ella?一Every day.Its necessary for us to play sports an hour a day at school.A.How much B.How oftenC.How long D.How soon【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:艾拉，你多久做 次运动?每天。在学校我们每天必须运动小时。根据答语中的“Every day.”可知，前者提问频率。how ofte

34、n“多久一次”，符合语境。【答案】B考点 8Is Julie as tall as you?朱莉和你一样高吗?一No,she isnt.Shes taller thanme.不，她不是。她比我演)。(Pl9)1.形容词和副词原级的句型：(1)“A+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”意为“A 和B 一样例如：Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉工作和蒂娜一样努力。二 A谓语切或缪颂士彩容词/副词原级土菱土意为:A-丕如E 二:二:“。例如：My computer is not as/so expensive as yours.我的电脑没有你的贵。2.形容词和副词比较级

35、的句型：谓语+形容词/副词比较级+th皿 士 B”意为“A比 B 更”。例如：He is better at English than Peter.他比彼得更擅长英语。“Which/WhaSVhQ+谓语+形容词/副词比较级,AQLB?”意为“A和 B 中,哪一个更,?”例如：Who got to school earlier today,Alice or Anna?今天谁到学校早点，爱丽丝还是安娜？3.常用 as.as 结构的短语:as.as possible”尽可能.（地）”;as long as只要”;as soon as”.就.3活学活用1.（2021 四川成者B 改编）we conti

36、nue to pull together,weUl keep winning the game.A.As long as B.Even thoughC.As soon as D.In order that【解析】考查连词。句意:只要我们继续齐心协力，我们会一直赢得比赛的。as long as 只要”，符合语境。【答案】A2.（2021 广西贵港）一Is your father strict with you?一Yes.He takes my grades as as my teachers do.A.seriousB.more seriousC.seriously D.more serious

37、ly【解析】考查as.a$结构。句意:你的爸爸对你很严格吗?是的。他和我的老师一样重视我的成绩。“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和一样;take sth.seriously为固定搭配，意为“认真对待某事C 项符合语境。【答案】C3.（2021 ，胡 J匕黄冈）一Who is the girl dancing on the stage?Oh,shes my friend Maria.She dances than before.A.well B.much betterC.best D.the best【解析】考查副词比较级。句意:舞台上跳舞的女孩是谁?噢，她是我的朋友玛丽亚。她跳得比以前好

38、多了。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比较级,much修饰比较级，表示程度。【答案】B安徽中考真题精选I.单项填空1.（2021 安徽第 23 题）一The Chinese language is more and more popular.Exactly!It5s becoming a language skill in the international community.（C）A.similarB.difficultC.necessary D.traditional2.（2021 安徽第 29 题）一Your village is really beautiful!一Thank y

39、 o u.,a l l the villages here have taken on a new look.（B）A.For example B.In factC.First of all D.As a result3.（2020安徽第 21 题）一Would you mind handing me a pair of serving chopsticks?-.Here you are.（A）A.Of course not B.Yes,Id love toC.I dont agree D.Thats all right4.（2020安徽第 28 题）Our English teacher i

40、s nice and patient she is very strict with us.（D）A.if B.asC.unless D.though5.（2019安徽第 33 题）Could you stay a little longer?!have more to tell you about the plan fortomorrow/A）A.something B.every thingC.anything D.nothing6.（2019安徽第 40 题）一I wonder the students have a physical examination.-Once a year.（

41、D）A.how far B.how soonC.how long D.how often7.（2017安徽第 35 题）一What do you think of the movie?-Great!I have never seen a one.（C）A.good B.bad C.better D.worse8.（2017安徽第 45 题）一May I do some sports after finishing my homework?.It is good for your heal th.（C）A.I hope not B.Sorry,you cantC.Of course D.Yes,

42、Id love to9.（2012安徽第 32 题）We lost the match because they had players.They had eleven and we had onlynine!（D）A.stronger B.youngerC.fewer D.moren.单词拼写1.（2018安徽第 95 题）Please think twice（两次）before you hand in your paper.2.（2016安徽第 92 题）Frank,take off your wet（湿的）jacket so you dont catch a cold.3.（2014安徽第 100 题）Bob has many storybooks and he often shares（分享）them with his friends.