2022年中考英语复习训练题（含解析）---短语辨析.pdf

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1、2022年中考英语复习新题速递之短语辨析（2022年 5 月）一.选 择 题（共20小题）1.(2022蜀山区一模)The museum is free,so you neednti t.()A.leave forB.work forC.pay forD.look for2.(2022曹县一模)Young phubbers(低 头 族)shouldthe time they spend on theirsmart phones.()A.cut downB.cut upC.cut off3.(2022黑龙江一模)一Simon failed the exam again.一Thats not su

2、rprising.Computer gamestoo much of his tim e.()A.take downB.take upC.take off4.(2022 春歙县期中)There are different books.Some of them are interesting.()A.kind of；kind ofB.kinds of；kinds ofC.kind of；kinds ofD.kinds of；kind of5.（2022春毕节市月考）Tom works hardearn(挣)more money.()A.in order thatC.so thatB.in ord

3、er toD.as if6.（2022金坛区一模）-We should wear masks to care for ourselves and the people around usduring the epidemic.So it does.,life is the most important to everyone.()A.At allB.Above allC.After allD.In all7.(2022 春香坊区校级月考)Everyone can make the dream he is looking forward to.if hecan keep working hard

4、 for i t.(A.coming trueB.come trueC.comes true8.(2022 春前郭县校级月考)Some children dont feel happy,because they haverules at)home,and they have tohomework every day.()A.too many；too muchB.too much；much tooC.too much；too many9.(2022荆州模拟)You shouldnt eat too much.You haveseveral pounds.()A.put off B.put dow

5、n C.put on D.put away10.(2022泉州模拟)-Have you read the stories of Lu Xun?-Yes,he a pen to show the dark side of the old China.()A.took away B.picked up C.gave up11.(2022福州模拟)Jack,it*s 7：20!If you want to get to school on time,you must.A.hurry up B.cheer up C.stay up12.(2022锡山区模拟)The war between Russia

6、 and Ukraine and has caused a lot ofproblems.()A.broke down B.broke into C.broke out D.broke up13.(2022石家庄模拟)On the first day of the Spring Festival,we new clothes andvisit people.()A.try on B.turn on C.carry on D.put on14.(2022广西一模)The teacher asked the students to a story about a trip to them oon.

7、()A.pick up B.give up C.make up D.turn up15.(2022东方一模)Li Ming always gets good marks and his parents are him.()A.think of B.take care ofC.proud of16.(2022东海县一模)Dont you know KIT?The y ke e p in touch.()A.pay for B.look for C.stand for D.fit for17.(2022淮南模拟)-Mr.Lee said he_ teaching English because h

8、e loved children.-Yes.And his love for children and teaching makes him a great teacher()A.turned up B.gave up C.took up D.set up18.(2022东海县模)Before you read a book,youd better the first pages to knowwhether it suits you.()healthy life.()A.look outB look throughC.look upD.look for19.（2022成华区模拟）I thin

9、k every student is supposed to _ a sporting activity for aA.turn off B.take up C.put away20.(2022 黑龙江一模)What does your mother think of your performance today?-The smile on her face shows she is what I d id.()A.proud of B.sure aboutC.worried about2022年中考英语复习新题速递之短语辨析（2022年 5 月）参考答案与试题解析选 择 题（共 20小题）1

10、.（2022蜀山区一模）The museum is free,so you neednt it.（）A.leave for B.work for C.pay for D.look for【考点】动词短语.【分析】博物馆是免费的，所以你不需要付钱。【解答】A.离 开 去,B.为.工作，C.支付，D.寻找，根据The museum is free可知是免费的，判断不需要付钱。故选：C。【点评】分析动词短语的含义，结合语境作答。2.（2022曹县一模）Young phubbers（低头族）should the time they spend on theirsmart phones.（）A.cut

11、down B.cut up C.cut off【考点】动词短语.【分析】低头族应该削减他们花在智能手机上的时间。【解答】cut down削减；cut up切碎；cutoff切断；根据句意，低头族应该_ _ _ 他们花在智能手机上的时间，可知此处用cut dow n,表示 削减。故选：A。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。3.（2022黑龙江一模）一Simon failed the exam again.-Thats not surprising.Computer games too much of his tim e.（）A.take down B.take up

12、C.take off【考点】动词短语.【分析】-西蒙考试又失败了.-那不奇怪。电脑游戏占据了他太多时间。【解答】take down记下；takeup占据；take off起飞；根据句意，西蒙考试又失败了，可知电脑游戏占据了他太多时间。故选：Bo【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。4.（2022 春歙县期中）There are different books.Some of them are interesting.（）A.kind of；kind of B.kinds of；kinds ofC.kind of；kinds of D.kinds of；kind of【考

13、点】名词短语；副词短语.【分析】有不同种类的书。有些书挺有趣。【解答】第一空different kinds o f各种各样的，常跟复数名词；第二空kind o f稍微，有点儿，常修饰形容词；D 项正确。这里要注意，kind的不同词义。故选：D。【点评】考察名词短语，根据不同的语境，能分辨出kinds o f与 kind o f的区别，并选出正确选项。5.（2022 春毕节市月考）Tom works hard earn（挣）more money.（）A.in order that B.in order toC.so that D.as if【考点】介词短语.【分析】汤姆为了挣更多的钱而努力工作。

14、【解答】in order that为了，后接从句；in order to 为了，后接动词不定式，so that为了，以便于，as if好像，引导方式状语从句，根据后面earn more money挣更多的钱，前面要用动词不定式，排除答案A 和 C,结合句意，此处表示目的。故选：B。【点评】正确辨析各介词短语的含义，结合题干句意选择作答。6.（2022金坛区一模）-We should wear masks to care for ourselves and the people around usduring the epidemic.-So it does _,life is the most

15、 important to everyone.（）A.At all B.Above all C.After all D.In all【考点】介词短语.【分析】-在疫情期间，我们要戴上口罩，爱护自己和身边的人。-确实如此。毕竟，生命对每个人来说都是最重要的。【解答】A.At all根 本;B.Above a ll首先；C.After all毕竟；D.In a ll总共。根据题干 life is the most important to everyone,可知是指：毕竟，生命对每个人来说都是最重要的。故选：c【点评】熟悉介词短语的用法，结合题意，给出答案。7.(2022 春香坊区校级月考)Eve

16、ryone can make the dream he is looking forward to if hecan keep working hard for i t.()A.coming true B.come trueC.comes true【考点】动名词短语.【分析】只要每个人坚持努力工作，他就能使自己期待的梦想成为现实。【解答】come true实现，coming是现在分词或动名词。根据观察和分析可知句子使用了make+名词+动词原形 句型，句中he is looking forword to 是定语从句，修饰dream。故选：B,【点评】解答本题需首先分析句子结构，理解字面意思和考

17、点，再根据所给选项的不同形式选取正确答案。8.(2022 春前郭县校级月考)Some children dont feel happy,because they have rules athome,and they have to homework every day.()A.too many；too much B.too much；much tooC.too much；too many【考点】形容词短语.【分析】有些孩子感觉不开心，因为他们家里有太多的规矩，每天都要做太多的家庭作业。【解答】too many太多，修饰可数名词复数形式；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；muchtoo太，修

18、饰形容词或副词。rules 规矩 是复数名词，故空一应用too many修饰；homework 家庭作业 是不可数名词，应用to。much修饰。故选：A。【点评】熟记too many太多，修饰可数名词复数形式；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词。的区别，根据句意选出正确答案。9.(2022荆州模拟)You shouldnt eat too much.You have several pounds.()A.put off B.put down C.put on D.put away【考点】动词短语.【分析】你不应该吃太多。你必须减掉几磅。【解答】put o

19、ff扑灭；putdown放下，削减；puton穿上；putaway收好；根据句意，你不应该吃太多，可知你要减肥。故选：B。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。10.(2022泉 州 模 拟)-Have you read the stories of Lu Xun?-Yes,he a pen to show the dark side of the old China.()A.took away B.picked up C.gave up【考点】动词短语.【分析】-你读过鲁迅的故事吗？-是的，他拿起钢笔，揭露旧中国黑暗的一面。【解答】took away拿走；picked

20、 up拿起；gave up放弃；根据句意，鲁迅_ _ _ _ 钢笔，揭露旧中国黑暗的一面，可知此处用picked u p,表示 拿起。故选：B。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。11.(2022福州模拟)Jack,its 7：20!If you want to get to school on time,you must.()A.hurry up B.cheer up C.stay up【考点】动词短语.【分析】杰克，7 点 20 了！如果你想按时到校，你必须快点。【解答】hurry up快点；cheer up使振作；stay up熬夜；根据句意，如果你想按时到校，

21、可知必须快点。故选：Ao【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。12.(2022锡山区模拟)The war between Russia and Ukraine and has caused a lot ofproblems.()A.broke down B.broke into C.broke out D.broke up【考点】动词短语.【分析】俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争爆发，导致了很多问题。【解答】broke down发生故障；broke into闯入；broke out爆发；broke up分手，破裂；根据句意，俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争，导致了很多问题，可知此处用b

22、roke out,表示 爆发。故选：C,【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。13.(2022石家庄模拟)On the first day of the Spring Festival,we new clothes andvisit people.()A.try on B.turn on C.carry on D.put on【考点】动词短语.【分析】在春节的第一天，我们穿上新衣服去拜访别人。【解答】try on试穿；turn on打开；carry on继续；put on穿上；根据句意，在春节的第一天，我们新衣服去拜访别人，可知此处用p u to n,表示“穿上。故选：

23、D。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。14.(2022广西一模)The teacher asked the students to a story about a trip to them oon.()A.pick up B.give up C.make up D.turn up【考点】动词短语.【分析】老师要求学生们编一个去月球旅行的故事。【解答】pick up捡起；give up放弃；make up编造；turn up调大声；根据句意，老师要求学生们 一个去月球旅行的故事，可知此处用make u p,表示 编造。故选：C。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比

24、较分析，选择正确答案。15.(2022东方一模)Li Ming always gets good marks and his parents are him.()A.think of B.take care ofC.proud of【考点】动词短语.【分析】李明总是获得好成绩，他的父母为他骄傲.【解答】think o f想起；take care o f照顾；be proud o f为.骄傲;句中有系动词a re,不能再用动词think和 lake；根据句意，李明总是获得好成绩，可知他的父母为他骄傲。故选：Co【点评】牢记短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。16.（2022东海县一模）

25、Dont you know KIT?The y ke e p in touch.（）A.pay for B.look for C.stand for D.fit for【考点】动词短语.【分析】你不知道“KIT”吗？他们代表 保持联系”。【解答】pay for支付；look for寻找；stand for代表；fit for适合；根据句意，K I T 保持联系，可知此处用stand f o r,表示 代表。故选：C,【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。17.（2022淮南模拟）-Mr.Lee said he_ teaching English because he l

26、oved children.-Yes.And his love for children and teaching makes him a great teacher（）A.turned up B.gave up C.took up D.set up【考点】动词短语.【分析】-李老师说他从事英语教育，因为他喜欢孩子们。-是的。他对孩子们的爱和教育使他成为了一个好老师。【解答】turned up调大声；gave up放弃；took up从事；set up建立；根据句意，他喜欢孩子，可知他从事英语教育。故选：C【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。18.（2022东海县一模

27、）Before you read a book,youd better the first pages to knowwhether it suits you.（）A.look out B.look throughC.look up D.look for【考点】动词短语.【分析】在你读一本书之前，最好浏览首页看它是否适合你。【解答】look out当心；look through浏览；look up查阅；look for寻找；根据句意，在你读一本书之前，最好一首页看它是否适合你，可知此处用look through,表示“浏览”。故选：B。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答

28、案。19.（2022成华区模拟）I think every student is supposed to a sporting activity for ahealthy life.()A.turn offB.take upC.put away【考点】动词短语.【分析】我认为每个学生为了健康都应该开始从事一项体育活动。【解答】turn off关掉；take up开始从事；put away收好；根据句意，为了健康，每个学生都应该一项体育活动，可知此处用take u p,表示”开始从事、故选：Bo【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。20.(2022黑龙江一模)What d

29、oes your mother think of your performance today?-The smile on her face shows she is what I d id.()A.proud of B.sure aboutC.womed about【考点】动词短语.【分析】-你妈妈觉得今天的表演怎么样？-她脸上的笑容表明她为我所做的感到骄傲。【解答】be proud o f为.骄傲；be sure about对.有把握；be worried about担心；根据句意，她脸上的笑容，可知她为我所做的感到骄傲。故选：Ao【点评】牢记短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。

30、考点卡片1.动词短语【概念】动词短语：动词短语就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语(以动词为中心)，表达一个概念，其作用和一个单独动词差不多的一种固定搭配.在实际使用中,通常会把动词短语当成一个整体.【用法】(1 )动词+副词:在 动词+副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：宾语如是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间.而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间.例：First put some salt into the water and th e n.()A.mix them up B.mix up them C.mix it up D.mix up it分析：首先放一些

31、盐在水里，然后搅拌它们.解答：分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是首先放一些盐在水里，然 后搅拌它 们.这 里 salt是不可数名词，用 it指代，放在中间，故选C.(2)动词+副词+介词：在这类动词短语中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词组的合成体，词义上相当于一个及物动词.它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后.例：She is planning her project.Lets help her some good ideas.()A.come out B.come up C.come up with D.catch up with分析：她正在计划她的项目，让我们帮助

32、她想出一些好主意.解答：come out出来，出现，出版，come up发生，上来，come up with想出，catch up with追上，赶上；结合句意”她正在计划她的项目，让我们帮助她想出一些好主意.”可知，要用是一般现在时，help后面跟动词原形，故答案为C.其它三个选项语意不通.(3)动词+名词：这类动词短语中的常见动词是have,take,give,make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义.例：The old ma n,and he wants to see a doctor n o w.()A.has feverB.have a fev

33、erC.has a fever D.has fevers分析：这位老人发烧了，他现在想去看医生.解答：考查动词短语.have a fever是固定短语，意思是“发烧”；结合句意 这位老人发烧，他现在想去看医生.”可知，要用是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为C.（4）be+形容词+介词：be+形 容 词（包括过去分词作形容词）+介词相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词是短语动词的真正词义.例：This pair of shoes h an d.（）A.is made with B.are made from C.are made of D.is made

34、by分析：这双鞋是手工做的.解答：考查动词短语.A 用.什么东西制造.B.由制 造（看不出原材料）.C.由制造（看出原材料）.D.由制 造（由某人）.结合语境”这双鞋是手工做的.可知，由双手制造，用 is made b y.选 D.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动词短语的用法，意义相近的动词短语、但容易混淆的短语、常用动词短语.这些是考查的重点.2.名词短语【概念】名词短语：在句中起名词作用的短语叫名词短语.是指由几个名词或名词及其修饰语构成的短语.名词性短语一般可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.【用法】两个或多个名词可以由and等对等连词连接，构成名词短语.Men and wome

35、n are equal.男人和女人是平等的.（Men and women是名词短语.）冠词作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语.I dont know the man.我不认识那人.（the man是名词短语.）The the story is very interesting.（）A.beginB.begin withC.beginningD.beginning of分析：故事的开头很有趣.解答：beginning名 词,begin动词,句意：这个故事的开头很有趣.the beginning o f是固定短语，意为”的开头”，故正确答案为D.名词本身作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语.He

36、 went to the bus stop.他去了车站.（ihe bus stop是名词短语.）She bought a gas stove yesterday.昨天她买了一个煤气炉.（a gas stove是名词短语.）Fm Jim Green.Im from America.Green is my.（）A.full nameB.family nameC.given name分析：我是吉姆格林，我来自美国，格林是我的姓.解答：根据rm Jim Green我是吉姆格林，因此格林是姓，故选B 姓.A.全名，C.名字点评:解答这类试题时,务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系，找到解题的依据，

37、同时正确区分选项的细微差别，准确作答.形容词作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语.John Lennon,the famous singer,was killed in 1980.著名歌星约翰列侬在一九八零年被杀.（the famous singer是名词短语.）I bought a bar of chocolate.我买了一块巧克力.（a bar of chocolate是名词短语.）The book is one of his best-sellers.这本书是他的畅销书之一.（one of his best-sellers是名词短语.）仞 ij：My aunt had a pig of

38、a day yesterday.She lost her purse and mobile phone on the street.（）A.a wonderful dayB.a busyC.a lucky dayD.an unhappy day分析：昨天我姑姑过了不高兴的一天，在大街上她丢了钱包和手机.解答：根据句子She lost her purse and mobile phone on the street（在大街上她丢失了钱包和手机）可得知昨天她很不开心.had a pig of a d a y 的中文意思是不高兴的一天，而 unhappy day的意思也是不高兴的一天，故答案为D.点

39、评：这一题学生要先了解had a pig of d a y 的意思，然后在分析四个选项的意思，然后就可以筛选出答案.介词及其宾语作修饰语，可与前面的名词构成名词短语.They are looking for a man without his left leg.他们在找一个缺了左腿的男人.（a man without his left leg是名词短语.）不定式或不定式短语作修饰语，可与前面的名词构成名词短语.The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.明天要开的会很重要.（The meeting lobe held是名词短语.）分词作修

40、饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语.The sleeping child is his son.正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子.（The sleeping child是名词短语.）动名词作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语.He went to the swimming pool.他去游泳池了.（the swimming pool是名词短语.）【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考名词短语的词义辨析用法，意义相近的动词、意义不同，但容易混淆的名词短语、名词短语的固定用法.正确区分选项的细微差别.这些是考查的重点.3.形容词短语【概念】在句中起形容词作用的短语叫做形容词短语.【用法】（1）两个或多个形容词可以

41、由and,but等对等连词连接，构成形容词短语.Your room is large and beautiful.你的房间大且美丽.（large and beautiful是形容词短语.）He is young but clever.他年轻但聪明.（young but clever是形容词短语.）（2）very等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语.It is very hot today.今天很热.（very hot是形容词短语.）The room was awfully dirty.这屋子太脏了.（awfully dirty是形容词短语.）The road is long enoug

42、h.这路够长的.（long enough是形容词短语，enough在形容词后作修饰语.）（3）介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语.I am sure of success.我确信会成功的.（sure of success是形容词短语.）The bottle is full of water.瓶子里装满了水.（full of water是形容词短语.）（4）不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语.He is sure to come.他一定会来的.（sure to come是形容词短语.）【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查形容词短语的用法，但容易混淆的形容

43、词短语、常用形容词短语的习惯用法、常用形容词短语.这些是考查的重点.4.副词短语【概念】副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语.【用法】两个或多个副词可以由and,but等对等连词构成副词短语.I tried again and again.我试了一遍又一遍.（again and again是副词短语.）She types quickly and correctly.她打字快且准确.-How far is it from your home to your school?-Its a quarters walk,.（）A-here and thereB.now and thenC.u

44、p and downD.more or less分析：-从你家到你的学校有多远？-走路大约一刻钟.解答：here and there处处，各处；now and then不时，偶尔；up and down上上下下，来回；more orless大约，左右.根据语境可知此处应为“大约一刻钟”，故答案选D.点评：本题考查副词短语，考生需掌握各个副词短语的意义，再根据语境语义来选择正确的选项.very等程度副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语.He runs extremely fast.他跑得快极了.（extremely fast是副词短语.）He can finish that much quic

45、ker.他能以快得多的速度完成它.（much quicker是副词短语.）The teacher speaks clearly enough.老师说得够清楚的.（clearly enough是副词短语，enough在副词后作修饰语.）介词及其宾语可用在副词后修饰副词，可与副词构成副词短语.He ran fast on his way home.回家的路上他跑得很快.（fast on his way home是副词短语.）He speaks English slowly to his students.他以缓慢的速度对他的学生们说英语.（slowly to his student是副词短语.）不

46、定式或不定式短语在副词后作修饰语，可与副词构成副词短语.She tried hard to move the box.她费力要移动那个箱子.（hard to move the box是副词短语.）【解题方法点拨】注意频度副词和副词短语的区别.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查副词短语的意思，意义相近的副词短语，常用副词短语.这些是考查的重点.5.介词短语【概念】介词短语：指由介词+介词、介词+名词、介词+分词、介词+动词、介词+形容词、介词+副词等构成的短语.常用的有：according to,along with,in front of,by means of,in spite of,tog

47、etherwith,with regard to 等.概念点拨：介词短语是由介词加宾语构成，本身可作句子成分，如定语或状语等，可单独使用；介词与其他词类或成分结合后方能在句子中充当语法成分，构成介词短语.【用法】介词短语可以作定语（须后置）、状语、表语、宾语补足语、另一个介词的宾语，间或作主语等.例如：作定语The skyscraper in the distance is a five-star hotel.（定语）The old thing are all three years o ld.（）A.on show,hundredB.for showing,hundreds ofC.on s

48、how,hundreds分析：这些展出的古老的东西都三百年了.解答：on show 展出，介词短语做后置定语，三百年three hundred years,hundreds o f意思是“数以百计的”，结合句意”这些展出的古老的东西都三百年了.”可知，答案为A.做状语Her eyes were tired from long reading.（状语）Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech.（）A.in pubicB.in totalC.in common分析：Grace在公众场合演讲前经常紧张.解答：结合语境Grace often

49、gets nervous可以推断这句话表达的意思是“Grace在公众场合演讲前经常紧张.”，所以设空处的介词短语表达的意思是”在公众场合”，应 该 用 in public,intotal”总共，in common”共有”都不符合句意，故选A点评：英语介词的一个特点是一词多义，并且介词间语义交叉现象很多，习惯用法也很多，有时很难从词义上区分开来.故学习中要注意不断总结，熟记一些介词和动词的固定搭配用法及习惯用法，是完成此类问题的捷径.作表语The decision is of great importance to m e.（表语）Most of the wild animals are bec

50、ause of their bad living environment.-So we must do something to save th em.（）A.in needB.on dutyC.at workD.in danger分 析-大多数野生动物由于恶劣的生存条件而处在濒危之中.-所以我们必须采取措施拯救它们.解答：首先明确选项中每个单词或短语的意思，A：需要；B：值日；C：在工作；D：处于危险中；根据题干结合推测设空处句子的句意是“大多数野生动物由于恶劣的生存条件而处在濒危之中.”，由此判断句子中缺少”处于危险中”一词，故答案为D.做宾语补足语They found the machi