人教版高中英语必修3unit1课文知识点详解34209.pptx

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1、人教版高中英语必修人教版高中英语必修3unit1课文知识点详课文知识点详解解342094.No pains,no g .5.I havent much b in his honesty，because he often tells lies.6.Do you know when India gained its _(独立)from Britain?7.Do you know the _(起源)of life on earth?8.He got a lot of _(奖状)for his excellent study.9.His nervousness was _(显然的)right from

2、 the start.10.They entered the area without _ (允许).ainseliefindependenceorigin(s)awardsobviouspermission第1页/共68页.重点短语再现1._出现；到场2._出发；动身；使爆炸3._搞恶作剧4._纪念；追念5._盛装；打扮；装饰6._期望7._玩得开心8._守信用9._屏息10._使想起 turn upset offplay a trick onin memory ofdress uplook forward tohave fun withkeep ones wordhold ones bre

3、athremind.of.第2页/共68页.典型句式运用1.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.那时，特别是在冬季寒冷的 日子里，如果难以找到食物，人们就会挨饿。to find为动词不定式，作_，修饰 表语形容词difficult，并且find与逻辑主语food 之间构成_关系，这时，动词不定式用_形 式表示_意义。考点提炼状语动宾主动被动第3页/共68页2.China and Japan have mid-autumn f

4、estivals,when people admire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时 人们会赏月，在中国，人们会品尝月饼。when people admire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes为when引导的_ _从句。when指代先行词_ _，在从句中作时间状语。考点提炼非限制性定语mid-autumnfestivals第4页/共68页3.Finding that Zhin was heart-broken,her grandmother finally decided to

5、let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.看 到织女伤心欲绝,王母娘娘最后决定让这对夫妻每 年跨过银河相会一次。finding that Zhin was heart-broken为现在分词短语在句中作_状语，现在 分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随、条件、让 步、结果或补充说明等情况。考点提炼原因第5页/共68页4.There was Hu Jin waving at him and calling,“Why are you so late?Ive been waiting for you for a long time!A

6、nd I have a gift for you!”那是胡瑾在向他招手，她喊道：“你为什 么这么晚才来呢？我在这儿等你好久了！我有礼 物给你！”waving at him and calling 在句中 作_的宾语，表示动作由_发出。在 there be 结构中常用现在分词、过去分词或定语 从句来作主语的修饰语。考点提炼Hu JinHu Jin第6页/共68页重点单词1.starve At that time people would _ if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.(回归课本P1

7、)观察思考 The lady is starving herself trying to lose weight.那位女士正在节食，试图减肥。导练互动starve第7页/共68页They tried to starve the army to give in.他们试图使军队因饥饿而投降。They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他们在沙漠中迷路了，饥饿而死。归纳总结starve _。starve to death饿死starve for sth.渴望得到某物starve sb.of sth.使某人得不到某物而受苦或渴望获得某物vi.&vt

8、.(使)饿死；(使)挨饿第8页/共68页starvation n.挨饿，饿死die of starvation饿死be starving非常饥饿 即学即用用适当的介词填空(1)Millions of people starved _ death during the war.(2)The lonely child is starving _ companionship.tofor第9页/共68页2.award Some people might win _ for their farm produce.(回归课本P2)观察思考 Li Bingbing won the best actress

9、award in the 12th Film Festival.李冰冰在12届电影节中获最佳女演员奖。She showed us the athletics awards she had won.她给我们看她赢得的体育运动奖。He was awarded the first prize for being the best singer.他作为最佳歌手被授予一等奖。awards第10页/共68页归纳总结award(1)vt._,后多接双宾语award sb.sth.,在多数场合下用被动形式be awarded。(2)n._。(3)award既可作动词也可作名词,指为鼓励在工作中 达到或完成所提

10、出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励,往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。授予；奖给奖，奖品；奖金第11页/共68页易混辨异 prize,reward,award(1)prize为名词,多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。(2)reward既可作动词也可作名词,指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。(3)award作名词用时与prize相似，都指因为杰出成就而受奖;作动词用时award意为“授与,颁发;判给”。第12页/共68页即学即用(1)奖章授予辩论队中的最佳演说者。Medals _ on t

11、he debating team.(2)袁隆平因为在农业生产方面的贡献而被政府给予 奖励。Yuan Longping _ from the government his contribution to agricultural production.are awarded to the best speakersreceived awardsfor第13页/共68页3.gain .,the leader who helped _ Indias independence from Britain.(回归课本P2)观察思考 He only seems to be interested in per

12、sonal gain.他似乎只在乎个人的收益。Ive gained weight recently.最近我的体重增加了。My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.我的表每24小时快2分钟。Our firm has gained a good reputation.我们公司赢得了一个好名声。gain第14页/共68页归纳总结gain n._;vt._。易混辨异gain,obtain,get,acquire,attain,win(1)gain强调经过艰苦的努力而获得成果。(2)obtain指没有付出很大努力而获得。(3)get既可指主动争取，也可指被动接受

13、，有时不一定需要很大努力就能获得。(4)acquire主要指获得知识、能力等。获得;收益(钟、表等)快得到；获得；增加，增添；第15页/共68页(5)attain主要指达到重要目标或获得珍贵的东西，运用的场合比较庄重。(6)win主要指在竞争、比赛或辩论中击败对手而赢得胜利。即学即用(1)她生平第一次知道世界是多么大。For the first time in her life she _ _of how vast the world is.(2)该公司在生产效率方面已经有了明显的提高。The company has _ in productivity.gained aclear ideama

14、de notable gains第16页/共68页4.trick If the neighbours do not give any sweets,the children might play a _ on them.(回归 课本P2)观察思考 He knew he had been tricked,but it was too late.他知道自己被骗了，但为时已晚。No one could work out how I did the card tricks.没有人能识破我的纸牌戏法。trick第17页/共68页She has a trick of raising her eyebrow

15、s atthe end of a question.她有一个习惯，在提问题结束时总要扬起眉毛。归纳总结trick _;n._。play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人have a trick of doing sth.有做某事的习惯trick sb.into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物laugh at sb.嘲笑某人look down upon sb.歧视某人 v.欺骗,诈骗诡计;恶作剧;窍门;习惯第18页/共68页即学即用(1)对你自己的朋友开这种玩笑太过分了。What a nasty _ whos suppos

16、ed to be your friends!(2)妈妈骗我吃了药。Mother _ the medicine.trick to play jokes on someonetricked me into taking第19页/共68页5.admire China and Japan have midautumn festivals,when people _ the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes.(回归课本P2)观察思考 I have to admire Wang Nan for her persistence.我不得不佩服王楠那种坚韧的精神。The sch

17、ool is widely admired for its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。I have just been admiring your new car.我刚才一直在观赏你的新轿车。admire第20页/共68页归纳总结admire _。admire oneself自我欣赏admire ones sth.钦佩某人的某方面admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人admiration n.钦佩；赞赏express admiration for sb.对某人表示钦佩have great admiration for sb.十分钦佩某人

18、with/in admiration心怀钦佩地 v.钦佩；赞美；欣赏第21页/共68页即学即用(1)我确实佩服她自己一个人把孩子养大。I really _ _ on her own.(2)他在相声方面的成就受人仰慕。He _ his work on crosstalk.admire the way she brought up herchildwas admired for第22页/共68页重点短语与句型6.in memory of For the Japanese festival Obon，people should go to clean graves and light incense

19、 _ their ancestors.(回归课本P2)观察思考 She set up the charitable funds in memory of her father.她设立了慈善基金以纪念她的父亲。China has held series of activities in memory of the people who gave their lives to the country.中国已经举办了一系列活动以纪念那些为祖国献身 的人。in memory of第23页/共68页归纳总结in memory of意为：_。(1)to the memory of=in memory of

20、为了纪念have a good/bad memory for sth.善于记/不善于记bring back good memories引起对美好往事的回忆within sb.s memory就某人记忆所及(2)相似短语：in favor of支持，赞同；对某人有利in face of面临，面对in honour of为纪念；祝贺；为了向表示敬意 纪念；追念第24页/共68页in need of需要in place of代替in case of万一in charge of负责；掌管in search of寻找即学即用(1)他写了这首诗以纪念在四川地震中死去的人们。He wrote a poem

21、_ _ those who died in the Sichuan Earthquake.(2)并非每个人都善于记英语单词。Not everyone _ English words.to the memory of/in memoryofhas a good memory for第25页/共68页7.hold ones breath Well,he was not going to _ for her to apologize.(回归课本P7)观察思考 I just held my breath and prayed I wouldnt be found.我只是屏住呼吸，祈求自己不被找到。We

22、 held our breath while Mr.Evans read the exam results.埃文斯先生宣读考试成绩时，我们都屏息静听。hold his breath第26页/共68页归纳总结hold ones breath意为：_。at a breath一口气地below/under ones breath小声地，悄悄地catch ones breath屏息；喘口气draw breath呼吸；休息一下get ones breath喘过气来;恢复正常in a/one breath一口气地;一瞬间in the same breath同时，异口同声地lose ones breath喘

23、不过气来out of breath喘不过气来的(地)屏息，屏气第27页/共68页save ones breath不要白费口舌take sb.s breath away令人惊叹，让人叹绝take breath喘口气;歇会儿 即学即用用breath的相关短语填空(1)After the long race,the girl _ _.(2)The child _ at the sight of the snake.lost herbreathheld his breath第28页/共68页8.turn up But she didnt _.(回归课本P7)观察思考 There is no need

24、to bookjust turn up on the night.没有必要预订，只要那天晚上来就行。Dont turn the TV upIm trying to read.别把电视声音开大，我正想看点书呢。归纳总结 turn up意为：_。turn down关小；调低；拒绝 turn off关上；转弯 turn out生产，制造；结果是turn up出现，到场；开大第29页/共68页turn over翻转；交付；反复考虑turn to求助于；转向turn around回转turn against背叛；反抗turn in上交；欺骗turn on打开；转开turn away不准入内；走开 即学即

25、用(1)他仍然在希望会有机会出现。Hes still hoping something _.(2)我确信这件事最终会有好结局的。Im sure it will _ well in the end.will turn upturn out第30页/共68页9.keep ones word She said she would be there at seven oclock,and he thought she would _ _.(回归课本P7)观察思考 I hope you will always keep your word.我希望你能始终遵守你的诺言。She kept her word

26、to visit him.她遵守诺言去看了他。keep herword第31页/共68页归纳总结keep ones word意为：_。break ones word失信keep/break ones promise守信/失信a man of ones word有信用的人eat ones words收回前言；认错道歉get a word in插话have a word with.与谈一谈have words with sb.about sth.因某事与某人争吵in a word一句话，简而言之守信用第32页/共68页leave word留言；留信send word捎信respect ones w

27、ord守信take back ones words收回某人的话in other words换句话说 即学即用(1)I _(向你保证)that Ill keep it a secret.(2)He always _(信守诺言)；he is (守信用的人).give you my wordkeeps his worda man of his word第33页/共68页10.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm.

28、有些 节日,是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮 助,也有可能带来危害。典例体验 I left it _ on the table in the drawer.我不是把它放在桌子上,就是把它放在抽屉里了。_ you the headmaster is going to attend the meeting.你或者是校长，去参加那个会议。eitherEitheroror第34页/共68页归纳总结句中的either.or.是“_”之 意，是一个连词词组，用来连接两个相同的成分,表示“两者选一”的意思。当either.or.连接两个主语时,要注意主语和谓语动词

29、在人称和数上的一致性。通常的规则是:谓语动词要和_在人称和数上保持一致，即_原则。当either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.,not.but.等连接两个主语时，其谓语动词通常和邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。或者或者邻近的那个主语就近一致第35页/共68页即学即用(1)你和他有一方完全正确。_ is wholly right.(2)不仅他的父母,而且他最好的朋友都鼓励他出国。_ _ encourages him to go abroad.Either you or heNot only his parents but also his bestfri

30、end第36页/共68页【例1】Schools across China are expected to hire 50，000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,_reduce unemployment pressures.(江苏高考)A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped 解析 根据句意可知此处应该选动词不定式作目的 状语。课文原文 Festivals can also b

31、e held _ _.考题回扣Cto honour famouspeople第37页/共68页【例2】The traffic is heavy these days.I _ arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place?(辽宁高考)A.can B.must C.need D.might 解析 句意为：近来交通拥挤,我可能会到得晚一 点，你能给我占个位子吗？表示不确定的推测用 might。can表示“可能”，把握性比might大;must 表示“肯定”，是非常接近于事实的推断；need表 示“必要，需要”；三者均与句意不符。课文原文 If the

32、neighbours do not give any sweets，the children _ play a trick on them.Dmight第38页/共68页【例3】It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.(天津高考)A.as B.which C.whether D.that 解析 句中it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为 真正的主语。句意为：很明显对学生们来说,他们 应当为未来做好充分的准备。课文原文 It was obvious _ the manager

33、of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.thatD第39页/共68页【例4】It just isnt fair;_I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach.(辽宁高考)A.whenever B.though C.for D.while 解析 句意为:这真不公平。上个月当我在做服务 员的时候,我的朋友们正躺在沙滩上。表示“与此 同时”用while,引导时间状语从句。课文原文 _ she was on earth she met th

34、e herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.WhileD第40页/共68页【例5】Excuse me,Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair _ all day.Could you speak to her now?(辽宁高考)A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning D.phoned 解析 句意为：对不起，玛西娅，一位来自Vanity Fair的记者一整天都在打电话,你现在能和她通话吗?表示过去开始的动作一直持续进行到现在用现在完成 进行时。题干中all day表示一段时间。课文原文

35、_ for you for a long time!CIve been waiting第41页/共68页 有同学认为,并列句十分简单,就是将两个简单 句用并列连词连接起来。其实不然,在写作中,我们 必须认真分析两个被连接起来的简单句之间内在的 逻辑关系,然后选择恰当的并列连词,才能真正写出 质量好的并列句。请认真研读以下并列句,分析其逻 辑关系。试试看,如果用别的功能的并列连词替换,逻辑关系是否仍然成立？写作技能如何写好并列句(二)辨清不同功能的并列连词 第42页/共68页1.He works hard,and he plays hard too.分析：在前一个分句的意思的基础上有递进。其 含

36、义相当于：He not only works hard,but also plays hard.或：He plays hard as well as works hard.2.I was tired,but I felt happy.分析：后一个分句的意思不是前一个分句意思的 顺接，而是出现转折的结果。3.We stayed at home,for it was raining.分析：后一个分句是对前一个分句的原因的补充。第43页/共68页4.It was cold,so we decided to stay at home.分析：后一个分句是前一个分句的结果。5.Hurry up,or yo

37、ull be late for class.分析：后一个分句是与前一个分句的结果相反的 结果。由以上分析可见，并列连词的选择也是要遵循句 子间的逻辑关系的，如果不小心，同样会犯逻辑 错误。第44页/共68页即时练习请根据所给的句子的信息及所提供的并列连词完成句子1.You have to learn English,and.You have to learn English,and you must/should learn it well.2.You should read some English every day,or.You should read some English ever

38、y day,or you cant make much progress.3.Many students do quite well in the recitation,but.Many students do quite well in the recitation,but they dont know how to use them properly in their writing.第45页/共68页4.Most of the students are afraid of speaking English in class,so.Most of the students are afra

39、id of speaking English in class,so it is a good way to speak with your classmates after class.5.Some students cant tell the difference between“thirteen”and“thirty”,for.Some students cant tell the difference between“thirteen”and“thirty”,for the two numbers sound alike.第46页/共68页.品句填词1.Many children s

40、to death in Africa for lack of food.2.They thought if they held some festivals,their a would be satisfied with what they had done.3.The colour of our n flag is red with five yellow stars on it.4.Under the leadership of our party,we finally got i from the other countries.自主检测tarvedncestorsationalndep

41、endence第47页/共68页5.At the beginning of the year,farmers usually have a lot of a work to do.6.The c of some European countries are quite different from ours.7.The w is a kind of fruit,which is quite famous in our city.8.I hope you will always be e when having classes.9.Without the teachers p ,you cann

42、ot play with the computer in our class.10.He cheated her，which she would never f .griculturalustomsatermelonnergeticermissionorgive第48页/共68页.短语运用 throw away,turn up，apologize to，fall in love,get married,forgive oneself,hold ones breath,keep ones word1.We invited her to dinner but she hadnt _.2.I mus

43、t _ to you for not being able to meet you.3.I cant _ for not seeing my mother before she died.turned upapologizeforgive myself第49页/共68页4.The whole country _ to see who would win the election.5.I believe in him because he always _ _.6.The young man _ with the girl at first sight,and soon they got mar

44、ried.7.They _ secretly,and they were very happy.8.I shouldnt have _ the receipt.held its breathkeepshis wordfell in lovegot marriedthrown away第50页/共68页.完成句子1.Many people _(饿死)because of the famine.2.The children are _(玩得非 常高兴),and I hate to call them inside.3.They built that monument _(纪 念)the peopl

45、es heroes.4.If they are not given anything,the children might _(捣蛋).starved to deathhaving so much funin memory ofplay a trick第51页/共68页5.I remembered the whole thing,_ _(好像它是昨天发生 的一样).6.Im _(盼望见 到你)this summer vacation.as though/ifit had happened yesterdaylooking forward to seeing you第52页/共68页.单项填空1

46、.Mr.Alcott told me that fourfifths of the houses _.A.have been sold out B.had been sold out C.were sold out D.was sold out 解析 考查时态和语态。句意为：Mr.Alcott告诉 我五分之四的房子已经售出。主句是一般过去时 （told），从句所述的事发生在“过去”之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，房子是“被”售出，用被动语态。B第53页/共68页2.Eventually the government rebuilt the bridge _ the appeal and

47、even the pressure of the public.A.in response to B.in favor of C.in place of D.in memory of 解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为:作为公众要求 甚至是压力的回应，政府最终重建了这座桥。in response to相当于as a response to，意思是 “作为的回应”。理解语境和准确把握短语的 意思是解决此题的关键。A第54页/共68页3.In some parts of London,missing a bus means _ for another hour.A.waiting B.to wait

48、C.wait D.to be waiting 解析 考查mean的用法。mean to do sth.打算做 某事；mean doing sth.意味着。句意为：在 伦敦的某些地方，错过公交车意味着再等一小时。故选A项。A第55页/共68页4.She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden.A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in 解析 考查look forward to的用法。to是介词，后用动名词形式，排除A、C两项；pay a visit后 应加to,故只有D项正

49、确。D第56页/共68页5.It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to _.A.rewards B.prizes C.awards D.results 解析 考查名词辨析。reward回报，报答；prize 奖，奖金；award奖，奖品，奖金；result结果。句意为:人们普遍认为小孩子学会做事是因为某些 行为会带来回报。故选A项。A第57页/共68页6.We dont have to _ an invitation just because its for Fr

50、iday night(date night)and we are supposed to be with our boyfriend or girlfriend.A.turn down B.turn up C.turn out D.turn in 解析 考查动词短语辨析。turn down拒绝；turn up出现；开大；turn out证明是，结果是；turn in上交。A第58页/共68页7._ is known to us all is that the old scientist，for life was hard in the past，still works very hard in