全新版大学英语第二册Unit8.pptx

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1、全新版大学英语第二册全新版大学英语第二册Unit8BR_2_main1About the Author Rachel Carson 第1页/共185页BR_2_main2About the Author Rachel CarsonAbriefintroductiontoRachelCarsonLearnandthinkHerQuotes第2页/共185页BR_4_mainBackground InformationEnvironmentalProtectionOrganizationsEarthDay第3页/共185页BR_1.1Earth SongMichaelJacksonAn Engli

2、sh Song Earth SongWhataboutsunriseWhataboutrainWhataboutalltheThatyousaidweweretogain.WhataboutkillingIsthereatimeWhataboutallthethingsThatyousaidwasyoursandmine.things_fields_Directions:Listen to the song and fill in the blanks with what you hear.第4页/共185页BR_1.2DidyoueverstoptonoticeAlltheweveshedb

3、eforeDidyoueverstoptonoticeTheearththeweepingshores?WhathavewedonetotheworldLookwhatwevedoneWhataboutalltheThatyoupledgeyouronlyson.Whataboutfieldsblood_crying_peace_flowering_第5页/共185页BR_1.3IsthereatimeWhataboutalltheThatyousaidwasyoursandmine.DidyoueverstoptonoticeAllthechildrenfromwarDidyoueverst

4、optonoticeThecryingearththeweepingshoresdreams_dead_第6页/共185页BR_2_1.1A brief introduction to Rachel Carson第7页/共185页BR_2_1.1_pop Born:May27,1907 Birthplace:Springdale,Pennsylvania Occupation:marinebiologist,writer Nationality:American Writing Period:19371964 Genres:naturewriting Subjects:marinebiolog

5、y,ecology,pesticides Notable work(s):Silent Spring Died:April14,1964(aged56)SilverSpring,Maryland第8页/共185页BR_2_1.2RachelLouiseCarson(19071964)wasanAmericanmarinebiologistandnaturewriterwhosewritingsarecreditedwithadvancingtheglobalenvironmentalmovement.Inthelate1950s,Carsonturnedherattentiontoconser

6、vationandtheenvironmentalproblemscausedbysyntheticpesticides.TheresultwasSilent Spring(1962),whichbroughtenvironmentalconcernstoanunprecedentedportionoftheAmericanpublic.Silent Springspurredareversalinnationalpesticidepolicy第9页/共185页BR_2_1.3leadingtoanationwidebanonDDTandotherpesticidesandthegrassro

7、otsenvironmentalmovementthebookinspiredledtothecreationoftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.CarsonwasposthumouslyawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedombyJimmyCarter.第10页/共185页BR_pesticidespesticides第11页/共185页BR_DDTDDT第12页/共185页BR_environmentalmovementenvironmentalmovement第13页/共185页BR_EnvironmentalProtec

8、tionAgencyEnvironmentalProtectionAgency第14页/共185页BR_PresidentialMedalofFreedomPresidentialMedalofFreedom第15页/共185页BR_2_2.1Learn and think Her Quotes“ThosewhodwellamongthebeautiesandmysteriesoftheEarthareneveraloneorwearyoflife.”“Nowitchcraft,noenemyactionhadsilencedtherebirthofnewlifeinthisstrickenw

9、orld.Thepeoplehaddoneitthemselves.”第16页/共185页BR_2_2.2Learn and think Her Quotes “Westandnowwheretworoadsdiverge.ButunliketheroadsinRobertFrostsfamiliarpoem,theyarenotequallyfair.Theroadwehavelongbeentravelingisdeceptivelyeasy,asmoothsuperhighwayonwhichweprogresswithgreatspeed,butatitsendliesdisaster

10、.Theotherforkoftheroadtheonelesstraveledby offersourlast,ouronlychancetoreachadestinationthatassuresthepreservationoftheearth.”第17页/共185页BR_3About the Book Silent Spring第18页/共185页BR_3_pop1Silent SpringisabookwrittenbyRachelCarsonandpublishedbyHoughtonMifflininSeptember1962.Thebookiswidely1)withhelpi

11、nglaunchtheenvironmentalmovement.WhenSilent Springwaspublished,RachelCarsonwasalreadyawell-knownwriteron2),buthadnotpreviouslybeenasocialcritic.Thebookwaswidelyread,and3)widespreadpublicconcernswith4)andpollutionoftheenvironment.Silent Springfacilitatedthe5)ofthepesticideDDTin1972intheUnitedStates.c

12、redited_naturalhistory_inspired_pesticides_ban_第19页/共185页BR_3_pop2Thebookdocumenteddetrimentaleffectsofpesticidesontheenvironment,6)onbirds.CarsonsaidthatDDThadbeenfoundtocausethinnereggshellsandresultin7)problemsanddeath.Shealsoaccusedthechemicalindustryofspreadingdisinformation,andpublic8)ofaccept

13、ingindustryclaimsuncritically.particularly_productive_officials_第20页/共185页BR_4_1.1BR_4_1.1Environmental Protection Organizations1.The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)2.Green Peace3.The Environmental Protection Agency第21页/共185页BR_1.1_pop1BR_1.1_pop11.TheUnited Nations Environment Programme

14、(UNEP)coordinatesUnitedNationsenvironmentalactivities,assistingdevelopingcountriesinimplementingenvironmentallysoundpoliciesandpractices.ItwasfoundedasaresultoftheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinJune1972andhasitsheadquartersinNairobi,Kenya.UNEPalsohassixregionalofficesandvariouscountry

15、offices.第22页/共185页BR_1.1_pop21.1_pop22.Green Peace:alargeinternationalpressuregroupthataimstoprotecttheenvironment.Itsmembersarewellknownforprotectingtheenvironment.Theyoftengooutinsmallboatstostoppeoplefromkillingwhalesorthrowingpoisonousmaterialintothesea.第23页/共185页BR_1.1_pop31.1_pop33.The Environ

16、mental Protection Agency:aUSgovernmentorganizationthatestablishedrulesandstandardsforprotectingtheenvironment,e.g.againstpollution.第24页/共185页BR_4_1.24_1.2Earth DayEarthDayisadaydesignedtoinspireawarenessandappreciationfortheEarthsenvironment.Itison22April.ItwasfoundedbyU.S.SenatorGaylordNelson(D-Wis

17、consin)asanenvironmentalteach-inin1970andiscelebratedinmanycountrieseveryyear.ThefirstEarthDaywasin1970.EarthDayissimilartoWorldEnvironmentDay.第25页/共185页BR_5BrainstormingDirections:Work in groups and write down the words or phrases related to“environmental protection”,then group them by similarity.S

18、tatus quoProblemsCausesMeasures第26页/共185页GR_mainPart Division of the TextFurther Understanding第27页/共185页GR_FurtherUnderstanding_mainGR_FurtherUnderstanding_mainForPart1MakesentencesForPart2QuestionsandAnswersForPart3&4TrueorFalseFurther Understanding第28页/共185页GR_PartDivisionoftheText1GR_PartDivision

19、oftheText1 Part Division of the Text PartsPara(s).Main Ideas112236AtownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifelivedinharmonywithitssurroundings.Thedescriptionofthesametownwhichwasnowstrickenwithallkindsofmaladies.第29页/共185页GR_PartDivisionoftheText2PartsPara(s).Main Ideas378Thecauseofthemaladies.4910Thoughi

20、magined,thetragedymaywellbecomearealityandtheauthortellsaboutherpurposeinwritingthebook.第30页/共185页GR_2_1 Make sentencesRead this part and make sentences with the same meaning as the text.Try to use the words or phrases given below.inharmonywithprosperousfarmcloudsofbloomfoxesdeerdelightedthetraveler

21、seyeinwinterfloodofmigrants第31页/共185页GR_2_2.1Questions and Answers1.What should spring be like?What does“a silent spring”mean?Spring should be throbbing with life,full of birdsong.“A silent spring”means a lifeless spring.2.What do the roadsides look like now?The roadsides are now lined with withered

22、 vegetation as though swept by fire.3.The author mentioned a white granular powder that falls like snow.What do you guess it is?Probably it is the remains of pesticides or other deadly chemicals.第32页/共185页2.Thewhitegranularpowderwasspreadbypeoplethemselves.GR_2_3.1 True or False1.Whitegranularpowder

23、hadfallenupontheroofsandthelawns,thefieldsandstreamssomeweeksbefore.FTheywerenotthepersonswhospreadthepowder,buttheoneswhoshouldberesponsibleforthisconsequence.T()()第33页/共185页GR_2_3.23.Actually,themisfortuneshavehappenedsomewhereintheworld.T()4.Peopleknowclearlyofwhattheyshoulddonowadays.FManypeople

24、haventrealizedthegreatimpacttheyhadmadeontheirsurroundings.()第34页/共185页DR_Text1In the dramatic opening to her book,Silent Spring,Rachel Carson paints a disturbing picture of an America suffering from a mysterious series of misfortunes that strike both animals and humans.What,she leaves us wondering,

25、might be the cause?第35页/共185页DR_Text2TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmericawherealllifeseemedtoliveinharmonywithitssurroundings.Thetownlayinthemidstofacheckerboardofprosperous farms,withfieldsofgrainandhillsidesoforchardswhere,inspring,whitecloudsofbloomdriftedabovethegreenfields.Inautumn,oakandmaplea

26、ndbirchsetupablazeofcolourthatflamedandflickeredacrossabackdropofpines.Thenfoxesbarkedinthehillsanddeersilentlycrossedthefields,halfhiddeninthemistsoftheautumnmornings.A Fable for TomorrowRachel Carson第36页/共185页DR_Text3Alongtheroads,laurel,viburnumandalder,greatfernsandwildflowers,delightedthetravel

27、lerseyethroughmuchoftheyear.Eveninwintertheroadsideswereplacesofbeauty,wherecountlessbirdscameto feedontheberriesandontheseedheadsofthedriedweedsrisingabovethesnow.Thecountrysidewas,infact,famousfortheabundance andvarietyofitsbirdlife,andwhenthefloodofmigrantswaspouringthroughinspringandautumnpeople

28、travelledfromgreatdistancestoobservethem.Otherscametofishthestreams,第37页/共185页DR_Text4whichflowedclearandcoldoutofthehillsandcontainedshadypoolswheretroutlay.Soithadbeenfromthedaysmanyyearsagowhenthefirstsettlersraisedtheirhouses,sanktheirwellsandbuilttheirbarns.Thenastrangeblightcreptovertheareaand

29、everythingbegantochange.Someevilspellhadsettledonthecommunity:mysteriousmaladiesswepttheflocksofchickens;thecattleandsheepsickenedanddied.第38页/共185页DR_Text5Everywherewasashadowofdeath.Thefarmersspokeofmuchillnessamongtheirfamilies.Inthetownthedoctorshadbecomemoreandmorepuzzledbynewkindsofsicknessapp

30、earingamongtheirpatients.Therehadbeenseveralsuddenandunexplaineddeathsnotonlyamongadultsbutevenamongchildren,whowouldbestrickensuddenlywhileatplayanddiewithinafewhours.Therewasastrangestillness.Thebirds,forexamplewherehadtheygone?Manypeoplespokeofthem,puzzledanddisturbed.Thefeedingstationsinthe第39页/

31、共185页DR_Text6backyardsweredeserted.Thefewbirdsseenanywhereweremoribund;theytrembledviolentlyandcouldnotfly.Itwasaspringwithoutvoices.Onthemorningsthathadoncethrobbedwiththedawnchorusofrobins,catbirds,doves,jays,wrens,andscoresofotherbirdvoicestherewasnownosound;onlysilencelayoverthefieldsandwoodsand

32、marsh.第40页/共185页DR_Text7Onthefarmsthehensbrooded,butnochickswerehatched.Thefarmerscomplainedthattheywereunabletoraiseanypigsthelittersweresmallandtheyoungsurvivedonlyafewdays.Theappletreeswerecomingintobloombutnobeesdronedamongtheblossoms,sotherewasnopollinationandtherewouldbenofruit.Theroadsides,on

33、cesoattractive,werenowlinedwithbrownedandwitheredvegetationasthoughsweptbyfire.Thesetoo,weresilent,desertedbyalllivingthings.Eventhestreamswerenowlifeless.Anglersnolongervisitedthem,forallthefishhaddied.第41页/共185页DR_Text8Intheguttersundertheeavesandbetweentheshinglesoftheroofs,whitegranularpowdersti

34、llshowedafewpatches;someweeksbeforeithadfallenlikesnowupontheroofsandthelawns,thefieldsandstreams.Nowitchcraft,noenemyactionhadsilencedtherebirthofnewlifeinthisstrickenworld.Thepeoplehaddoneitthemselves.第42页/共185页DR_Text9Thistowndoesnotactuallyexist,butitmighteasilyhaveathousandcounterpartsinAmerica

35、orelsewhereintheworld.IknowofnocommunitythathasexperiencedallthemisfortunesIdescribe.Yeteveryoneofthesedisastershasactuallyhappenedsomewhere,andmanyrealcommunitieshavealreadysufferedasubstantialnumberofthem.Agrimspectrehascreptuponusalmostunnoticed,andthisimaginedtragedy mayeasilybecomeastarkreality

36、weallshallknow.第43页/共185页DR_Text10WhathasalreadysilencedthevoicesofspringincountlesstownsinAmerica?Thisbookisanattempttoexplain.第44页/共185页DR_S_InautumnParaphrasethesentence.Inautumn,theleavesofoaks,maplesandbirchesturnedbrightredagainstabackgroundofgreenpines.Inautumn,oakandmapleandbirchsetupablazeo

37、fcolourthatflamedandflickeredacrossabackdropofpines.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.秋季到来时，橡树、枫树和白桦树五彩缤纷，在大片松林的衬托下如同一片火海，熠熠生辉。秋季到来时，橡树、枫树和白桦树五彩缤纷，在大片松林的衬托下如同一片火海，熠熠生辉。第45页/共185页DR_S_ThecountrysideThecountrysidewas,infact,famousfortheabundanceandvarietyofitsbirdlife,andwhenthefloodofmigrantswaspourin

38、gthroughinspringandautumnpeopletravelledfromgreatdistancestoobservethem.Understandthelongsentence.Thisisacompoundsentenceconnectedwiththetransitionalword“and”.Inthesecondmainclause,asub-clauseoftime“whenthefloodof”isused.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.事实上，这里的乡村鸟类品种丰富，数量可观，因此远近闻名。每当大批候鸟在春秋之际蜂拥而至，许多

39、人远道赶来观看。事实上，这里的乡村鸟类品种丰富，数量可观，因此远近闻名。每当大批候鸟在春秋之际蜂拥而至，许多人远道赶来观看。第46页/共185页DR_S_SoithadbeenWhatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“ithadbeenfromthedaysmanyyearsagowhen”?Shemeansthatthelandhadbeenknownforabundanceandbio-diversityforalongtime.Soithadbeenfromthedaysmanyyearsagowhenthefirstsettlersraisedtheirhouses,

40、sanktheirwellsandbuilttheirbarns.第47页/共185页后来，一种奇怪的疫病在这个地区悄悄蔓延开来，一切不再依旧。这个社区中了一种什么邪，一群群鸡很快都染上了神秘的疾病，牛羊纷纷病死。后来，一种奇怪的疫病在这个地区悄悄蔓延开来，一切不再依旧。这个社区中了一种什么邪，一群群鸡很快都染上了神秘的疾病，牛羊纷纷病死。DR_S_ThenastrangeThenastrangeblightcreptovertheareaandeverythingbegantochange.Someevilspellhadsettledonthecommunity:mysteriousmal

41、adiesswepttheflocksofchickens;thecattleandsheepsickenedanddied.What does the author mean by a“strange blight”and“evil spell”?Shereferstotheshadowofdeath.Chickens,cattleandsheepbegantodieofmysteriousmaladies.Peoplewerestrickenwithstrangesicknessesandsomeofthemdied.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.第48

42、页/共185页DR_S_TheroadsidesWhatsthefunctionof“asthough”?Heretheauthorusedafigureofspeech,similetomakeherexpressionmorevividandclear.Whatsherpurposebysayingso?Shefocusesonthesevereconsequencecausedbythepollution.Theroadsides,oncesoattractive,werenowlinedwithbrownedandwitheredvegetationasthoughsweptbyfir

43、e.第49页/共185页DR_S_ThistowndoesThistowndoesnotactuallyexist,butitmighteasilyhaveathousandcounterpartsinAmericaorelsewhereintheworld.这座小镇在现实世界中并不存在，但是在美国和世界的其他地方，很可能会轻而易举地有数千个遭遇到与其类似命运的小镇出现。这座小镇在现实世界中并不存在，但是在美国和世界的其他地方，很可能会轻而易举地有数千个遭遇到与其类似命运的小镇出现。Why does the author want to say by using“it might?“might

44、”isusedheretoexpressapossibilitythatitmayhappenormaybetruesuchthingsdidhavehappenedinAmericaorelsewhereintheworld.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.第50页/共185页DR_S_WhathasalreadyWhathasalreadysilencedthevoicesofspringincountlesstownsinAmerica?是什么东西使无数美国小镇的春天鸦雀无声？是什么东西使无数美国小镇的春天鸦雀无声？What should spring

45、be like?What does“silenced the voices of spring”mean?Springshouldbethrobbingwithlife,fullofbirdsong.“Silencedthevoicesofspring”meansthespringhasalreadybeenmadelifeless.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.第51页/共185页DR_word_inharmonywith1inharmonywith:agreewithanotheridea,feelingetc.,orlookgoodwithothert

46、hingsYoursuggestionsarenotinharmonywiththeaimsofthisproject.我们的行为应该与话语相一致。我们的行为应该与话语相一致。Ouractionsshouldbeinharmonywithourwords.第52页/共185页DR_word_inharmonywith2Collocation:与与协调一致协调一致beinharmonywith与与不协调一致不协调一致beoutofharmonywith和睦相处和睦相处liveinharmony第53页/共185页DR_word_surroundingssurroundings:n.everyth

47、ingthatisaroundornearsb./sth.ThehouseissetinbeautifulsurroundingsnearLakeConiston.Weworkmorehappilyinpleasantsurroundings.第54页/共185页DR_word_inthemidstofinthemidstof:amongorwith;while(sth.)ishappeningThegovernmentisinthemidstofamajorcrisis.他在暴雨中离开了公寓。他在暴雨中离开了公寓。Helefthisflatinthemidstofarainstorm.第55

48、页/共185页DR_word_prosperousprosperous:adj.richandsuccessfulImsureyoucanbuildaprosperousbusinessinChina.Aftertheirmisfortunesthefamilyslowlybecameprosperous.第56页/共185页DR_word_bloom1bloom:1.n.aflower,especiallyonecultivatedforitsbeautyFallleavesmaketheJapanesemad,justlikethecherrybloominthespring.苹果树正在开

49、花。苹果树正在开花。Theappletreeswereinbloom.2.vi.produceflowers;beinflower.Someofmylastrosesofsummerareevenmorebeautifulthanthefirstonesthatbloomedinearlyspring.Everything in the garden was blooming lovely!第57页/共185页DR_word_bloom2Collocation:开花开花comeintobloom/blossom花已落花已落beoutofbloom/blossom花盛开着花盛开着in(full)

50、bloom/blossom明日黄花，已失去新颖感或应时价值的事物明日黄花，已失去新颖感或应时价值的事物thebloomisofftherosebloom,blossom以及以及flower均可作名词和动词，意为均可作名词和动词，意为“花，开花花，开花”。其不同点是：。其不同点是：bloom 尤指尤指“大的、供观赏的花，诸如牡丹、玫瑰、梅花、菊花等大的、供观赏的花，诸如牡丹、玫瑰、梅花、菊花等;blossom指树木开花，尤指果树上开的花。指树木开花，尤指果树上开的花。flower指开放的花朵或泛指花卉。指开放的花朵或泛指花卉。NB:第58页/共185页DR_word_flameflame:vi.