如何写说明文课件- 高三英语二轮复习.pptx

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1、【文体特点文体特点】 说明文说明文是以说明的表现手法来对客观事物是以说明的表现手法来对客观事物的形态、结构、性质、特点、功能和用途的形态、结构、性质、特点、功能和用途等作科学阐述或解释的一种文体。等作科学阐述或解释的一种文体。【写作指导写作指导】写写说明文时要注意以下几点：说明文时要注意以下几点：1. 合理合理安排说明顺序安排说明顺序。 常见常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序和的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序。逻辑顺序。2. 灵活采用不同的写作手法灵活采用不同的写作手法。 常用常用的写作手法有下定义、列数据、举例的写作手法有下定义、列数据、举例子、作比较、分类别等。如子、作比较、分类别

2、等。如：1) 下下定义定义 Body language is a language without words that consists of gestures, facial expressions and body movements that greatly add to and sometimes even replace spoken language.2) 列列数据数据 The seas around Australia contain over 160 different kinds of sharks, which vary in size from just 20 cent

3、imetres to over 14 metres.3) 举例举例子子 Metals are such things as iron, gold and silver.4) 作作比较比较 The new museum is much bigger, compared with the old one.5) 分类别分类别 British and American English are different in many ways. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. . There are a few differences

4、 in grammar, too. . The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. .3. 注重语言的客观性。可以使用被动语态注重语言的客观性。可以使用被动语态或或 引用引用权威的信息来源来增加文章的客权威的信息来源来增加文章的客观性。观性。4. 时态多用一般现在时。时态多用一般现在时。【真题再现真题再现】 学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子如钢笔、书包、鞋子)设计添设计添加新功能来

5、参赛。请以加新功能来参赛。请以“My Magic _” 为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。 内容：内容：1. 说明设计理由；说明设计理由； 2. 介绍新功能。介绍新功能。 注意：词数注意：词数120左右。左右。 (改编自改编自2014年湖南卷书面表达年湖南卷书面表达)【审题定调审题定调】 本写作任务要求考生发挥想象，为日本写作任务要求考生发挥想象，为日常生活中的某件物品设计添加新功能，同常生活中的某件物品设计添加新功能，同时说明设计理由。体裁属于说明文，时态时说明设计理由。体裁属于说明文，时态以一般现在时为主，人称可根据具体情况以一般现在时为主，人称可根据具体

6、情况确定。确定。【参考范文】【参考范文】My Magic ShoesTo make our life easier and the environment more beautiful, I have designed a pair of magic shoes. Compared to the traditional ones, they have three new unique functions.Firstly, the shoes are made from specially produced recycled paper which stands high pressure an

7、d temperature and will never wear out.Secondly, theres no need for you to wash them, for they wash themselves.Most magically, they can be used as a means of transportation. When you want to get somewhere quickly, they will speed up by themselves and you will have a sense of flying.There being the pa

8、ir of shoes, fewer and fewer people will drive cars in the future. In this way our world will be cleaner.【范文点评范文点评】本文覆盖了所有内容要点（开门见山地表明设本文覆盖了所有内容要点（开门见山地表明设计理由，接着描述了为鞋添加的三项新功能），计理由，接着描述了为鞋添加的三项新功能），运用了较多的语法结构（如动词不定式短语运用了较多的语法结构（如动词不定式短语To make our life easier and the environment more beautiful、定语从句、定

9、语从句which stands high pressure and temperature and will never wear out、独立主、独立主格结构格结构There being the pair of shoes）和高级词汇）和高级词汇（如（如Compared to、unique、wear out、a means of、speed up），完全达到了预期的写作目的。），完全达到了预期的写作目的。【学生习作学生习作】My Magic PhoneWith the rapid development of the high technology, mobile phones have b

10、een popular around the public. They almost can be seen everywhere. However, the phones electricity are easily run out and its not convenient for us to charge them without sockets. So Im eager to create a brand new function to solve the problem. By adding sun-powered screen on thephones backs, our ph

11、ones will put solar power to good use and turn it into electricity to keep our phones continuing working. This function is wonderful and environment-friendly. Im looking forward to making it come true.Above is all my thought. Thanks for listening.【点评点评】 优点：优点： 1. 文章要点齐全，设计理由合理。文章要点齐全，设计理由合理。 2. 文章中运

12、用了一些较高级词汇，如文章中运用了一些较高级词汇，如With the rapid development of、run out、brand new、environment-friendly、look forward to等。等。 3. 文章中运用了一些较复杂的语法结构，如文章中运用了一些较复杂的语法结构，如各类非谓语动词等。各类非谓语动词等。不足：不足：1. 句子结构较为单调，没有复合句。句子结构较为单调，没有复合句。2. 有语法结构和词汇方面的错误，如有语法结构和词汇方面的错误，如around the public、electricity are easily run out、functio

13、n等。等。3. 结尾内容与文章体裁不符。结尾内容与文章体裁不符。【改后稿改后稿】My Magic PhoneWith the rapid development of technology, mobile phones have become more and more popular and can be seen almost everywhere. However, a growing problem is that our mobile phones easily run out of power and finding a convenient place to charge the

14、m is difficult. So my idea is to create a brand new device that uses the power of the sun whichcan be fitted beneath or on top of the screens of phones to transform energy from both artificial light and sunshine into electricity, and undoubtedly, can be used to keep our mobile phones active. This idea is not only wonderful but also environment-friendly. Im looking forward to making it come true.Isnt it useful and attractive?