高中英语词汇一本通---P部讲义.doc

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1、Ppace n. (一)步；步速He took 5 paces backward.他向后走了五步。He quickened his pace in order to catch the bus.他加快步伐以赶上公共汽车。圆组keep pace with 并驾齐驱Are wages keeping pace with inflation?工资的提高是否与通货膨胀同步？Pacific adj.太平洋的词组 the Pacific 太平洋pack n.包(裹)；小包(或盒、箱、袋等)； 一伙，一帮；大量v.(把) 打包(或装箱)；塞满，挤满Lets give him a hand since he

2、is overburdened with several packs.他包裹太多，让我们帮帮他吧。The tourists were packing their belongings in order to resume their journey.旅游者们正在打点行装以重新踏上旅程。词组pack up打好旅行用的行李；停止；结束He packed up his things and left.他把东西打点好就走了。package n.中小型的包(裹)；一揽子交易(或计划等)vt.把打包(或装箱)Mail your package early so as to ensure its timel

3、y arrival.早点寄出你的包裹以便保证它能及时寄到。page n.页These words were written on the margin of the page.这些字是写在页边空白上的。pain n.疼痛；痛Stomach pains tortured him for a long time.胃痛折磨了他好长时间。No pains no gains. 谚 不劳则无获。同组spare no pains 不遗余力；竭尽全力take pains尽力；费尽苦心We spare no pains to help those poor people to become rich.我们不遗余

4、力地帮助那些贫穷的人致富。He took pains to teach his son to play the piano.他费尽苦心地教他儿子弹钢琴。painful adj.疼痛的；引起痛苦的paint n.油漆；颜料；涂料vt.用(颜料等)画；涂(油漆)The child painted a portrait of his father on the wall.孩子在墙上画了一幅父亲的肖像画。Please paint me a landscape from nature.请给我画一幅风景画。This kind of paint is of inferior quality.这种油漆质量很差

5、。painting n.绘画；绘画作品This painting seemed to lack proportion.这幅画似乎比例不协调。同组Chinese painting（中国）国画pair ( 复 s或)n.一双，一对Two more pairs of trousers are dirty.另外两条裤子脏了。She made a pair of shoes for her husband.她为丈夫做了一双鞋。palace n.宫，宫殿Her house is a palace compared to ours!(喻)和我们的房屋相比，她的房子简直就是一座宫殿！I want to vis

6、it the Summer Palace.我想去参观颐和园。pale adj.苍白的；灰白的He looked pale from his long illness.由于长期生病，他看上去脸色苍白。The volleyball player likes to wear a pale blue sports shirt.这个排球运动员喜欢穿一件淡蓝色运动装。pan n.平底锅(或盆、盘等)；盘状器皿；盆地；洼地She fried the eggs in a frying pan.她在平底锅里煎鸡蛋。panda n.熊猫The young parents bought their daughter

7、 a panda toy.年轻父母为他们的女儿买了一只玩具熊猫。Pandas are few and live in China.熊猫的数量极少，并且生长在中国。panic n./vi.恐慌，惊慌pants n. 复 裤子paper n.纸；报纸；考卷 Have you seen todays paper?你看到今天的报纸了吗？词组on paper 理论上的；未经实践考验的This plan seems good on paper.这个计划在理论上似乎很好。parade n.游行；队列；阅兵vi.游行；列队行进(或接受检阅)paragraph n.(文章的)段落The teacher aske

8、d the student to polish the opening paragraph.老师要求学生把第一段润色一下。Would you please read the first paragraph?请读第一段，好吗？parallel adj.平行的n.平行线(或曲线、面)；可相比拟的事物v.使平行；与平行adv.平行地The road is parallel to the river.公路同河流平行。Two parallel lines never joint together.两条平行线决不相交。parcel n.包裹；小包His parents asked a friend to

9、take him a parcel of clothes.他父母请一个朋友带给他一包衣服。pardon vt./n.原谅；宽恕Pardon me, Im in a hurry.对不起，我很急。parent n.父亲；母亲His parents are still alive.他的父母都还活着。Money is the parent of many evils.金钱是万恶之源。park n.公园；停车场vt.停放(车辆等)We were playing in the park.我们正在公园里玩耍。词组parking lot 停车场parking n.停车；停车场地词组 no parking 禁止

10、停车parrot n.鹦鹉part n.部分；零件；地区；角色vi.分开；分成几个部分；分手，分别The Cambridge Business Exams are part written,part oral.剑桥商务英语考试一部分是笔试，一部分是口试。She has the main part in the play.她在该剧中担任主角。词组on the part of 就而言；关于或就某一特定的人而言take part (in)加入；参与take (someones)part支持；在争执中站在一方Brilliant strategy, on the part of Confederate

11、forces, ensured their victory at Chancellorsville. 盟军巧妙的战略确保了他们在钱瑟勒斯维尔的胜利。He took part in the celebration.他参加了庆祝活动。Ill take your part in the election.我将在选举时支持你。participant n.参加者participate vi.参与He always actively participates in school activities.他一贯积极参加学校活动。The teacher asked the students to partici

12、pate in class discussions more actively.老师要求同学们更加积极地参加班级讨论。particular adj.特定的；特殊的I wear this red dress for no particular reason.我穿这件红衣服没有什么特殊的原因。She has a particular preference for Chinese art.她对中国艺术有特别的爱好。词组 in particular特别地；详细地The work is complete in every particular.工作的每个细节均已完成。particularly adv.特

13、别；尤其partner n.合伙人；搭档令I couldnt find my dancing partner.我找不到我的舞伴了。Who is your partner in trade?谁是你的贸易伙伴？party n.聚会；政党；(一) 方Did you enjoy Alices birthday party?在爱丽丝家举行的那次生日聚会上你玩得痛快吗？辨析 meeting,conference与party三个词都有集会、会议的意思，但在意义上又有一定的区别。meeting是“会议”的一般用语，如：Well have a meeting this afternoon.我们下午有个会议。co

14、nference指专业性会议或定期的“会议”，在会上与会人员可以交换观点、意见或讨论某些共同关心的问题，如：a doctors conference医生的会议。party指娱乐性的或庆祝活动的“集会”，如birthday party(生日聚会)等。pass vt.传递；经过；通过(考试、检查等) vi.经过n.通行证；通过Please pass me that salt bottle!请把盐瓶递给我！She passed her driving test not without difficulty.她好不容易才通过了驾驶考试。词组pass on传递；传授passage n.通过；经过；(法案

15、等的)通过；过道；通道；航道；(文章的)一节，一段Sarahs mother was waiting in the passage outside the doctors room.萨拉的母亲正在医生房间外的走廊等候。He read a passage on rice farming from the geography book.他从地理书中读到一段关于水稻栽培的文章。passenger n.乘客，旅客The stewardess spoke to the passengers,“Welcome to take the flight.”这位空姐对乘客说：“欢迎乘坐此次航班。”passer-b

16、y （ 复 passers-by) n.(过)路人passion n.热情，激情He has a passion for swimming.他爱好游泳。passive adj.被动的，消极的Dont always put yourself in a passive position.不要老是让自己处于被动的位置。passport n.护照password n.口令past prep.过；经过adj.以前的，过去的n.过去，以前Ive been ill for the past three weeks.我三周来一直在生病。In the past I have had many jobs.过去我做

17、过许多种工作。The time is half past four.现在是四点半。pat v./n.轻拍，轻打The mother patted the baby while singing a soft song.母亲温柔地唱着歌，轻轻地拍打着小宝宝。patent n.专利；专利权；专利发明adj.(有关)专利(权)的；受专利保护的path n.路；小道Hard work is the path to success.努力工作是成功之路。There was a narrow path through the forest.有一条穿过森林的小路。patience n.忍耐；耐心You need

18、 patience to teach these little children.教这些小孩你需要耐心。patient n.病人adj.耐心的The doctors monitored the patients condition carefully.医生们仔细检查病人的情况。patriotic adj.爱国的pattern n.模范，典范；模式，样式；图案，花样I soon got myself accustomed to the pattern of life in America.我很快就习惯了美国的生活方式。pause vi./n.暂停；中止；停顿He smoked a cigaret

19、te during the pause in the meeting.会议暂停时他抽了一根烟。Many people paused to watch the performance.许多人停下来看演出。pave vt.铺(路)These stones are to pave the country road.这些石头是用来铺设乡间道路的。This agreement will pave the way for a lasting peace between the two countries.(喻)这个协议将为两国间的持久和平铺平道路。pavement n.人行道(=sidewalk)The

20、marble pavement is clean and tidy.大理石人行道很干净整洁。pay vt.支付；付钱给；给报酬vi.付款He paid 5 for the book.他买这本书花了五英Can you lend me some money? I can pay you back tomorrow.你能借给我点儿钱吗？我明天就可以还给你。词组pay a visit 访问pay attention (to)注意pay back 偿还；报复pay off偿还掉；付掉pay the bill付费用；付账单 He will pay a visit to Japan next month.下

21、个月他将访问日本。Pay attention to your spelling.注意你的拼写。He paid the money back very soon.他很快就把钱还了。All his debts have been paid off.他所有的债都还清了。He paid the bill in cash.他用现金付账。peace n.和平peaceful adj.安宁的；和平的The sea became peaceful again after the storm.风暴过后大海又恢复了平静。peach n.桃子There are several honey peaches on th

22、e plate.盘子里有几只水蜜桃。peak n.山峰；顶点The scientist was at the peak of his life when he won the Nobel Prize.当这位科学家获得诺贝尔奖时他达到了人生的顶峰。peanut n.花生；花生米pear n.梨The pear tastes like pineapple.这个梨吃起来像菠萝。pearl n.珍珠He bought his wife a pearl necklace when he went on business.他出差时为妻子买了一条珍珠项链。The young man is the pearl

23、 of the age.这位年轻人是时代的精英。peasant n.农民I come from a peasant family.我来自于一个农民家庭。辨析peasant与farmerpeasant原来指农奴、佃农，为贬义词，现也指发展中国家的农民；farmer指在农场里工作的人或农场主。peculiar adj.奇怪的；独特的Language is peculiar to mankind.语言是人类独有的。She is peculiar among all these girls.在所有这些女孩子中她显得与众不同。pen n.(使用墨水等书写液的）笔（如钢笔、圆珠笔等)He lives by

24、 his pen.他以写作为生。pencil n.铅笔You have to prepare a sharp pencil for tomorrows exam.你需要为明天的考试准备一支削好的铅笔。penny ( 复 pennies或pence pens )n.便士(英国辅币名)people n.人们；人民；民族People were dancing in the street.人们在街上跳舞。I met all sorts of people.我遇到了各种各样的人。注意people为集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但若用了复数形式，意思就变成了“民族”，如：There are 56

25、 peoples in China.(中国有56个民族。)per prep.每，每一percent n.百分之一；百分比，百分率；部分adj. 与基数词连用 百分之的I am 100 percent in agreement.我百分之百同意。令The report states that 42 percent of the alumni contributed to the endowment.报告说有百分之四十二的校友响应了捐款。percentage n.百分比，百分率；(全部中的)所占比例perfect adj.完美的；十足的She was the perfect actress for

26、the part.她是这个角色的最佳人选。They worked hard to perfect their dance.他们努力使舞蹈更加完美。perform v.演出；做，进行；执行We will perform an important task.我们将执行一个重要的任务。The students drama club will perform The Merchant of Venice.学生戏剧社将上演威尼斯商人。performance n.表演；进行；表现；履行令 A large portion of the local people went to see the perform

27、ance.大部分当地居民都去看演出去了。performer n.表演者；执行者perhaps adv.也许，可能Perhaps I will fail in the competition.也许我会在竞赛中失败。period n.(一段)时间This is perhaps one of the most important periods during our lifetime.这也许是我们一生中最重要的时期之一。I was a teacher for a period of time.我曾做过一段时间的教师。permanent adj.长久的；永久的His childhood life le

28、ft him a permanent impression on his mind.他的童年生活在他的脑海中留下了永恒的印象。Beauty is permanent.美是永恒的。permission n.允许，准许permit vt.允许，许可The criminal was permitted to spend the Spring Festival with his family.罪犯被允许和家人共度春节。No smoking is permitted here.此处禁止吸烟。persevere vi.坚持不懈persist vi.坚持；执意；坚持说If you persist in th

29、e study of English,you will soon make progress.如果你坚持不懈地学习英语，你很快就会取得进步。This terrible phenomenon will persist for a period of time.这种糟糕的现象将会持续一段时间。词组 persist in坚持We should persist in doing what is right and correcting what is wrong.我们应该坚持对的，改正错的。person n.人We need a person to help us.我们需要有个人帮助我们。词组in p

30、erson亲自；亲身出现地；亲自地personal adj.个人的；私人的personality n.个性persuade vt.说服，劝服We succeeded in persuading the enemy to put down their arms.我们成功说服敌军向我们投降。He tried to persuade her not to go out alone in the evening.他尽力劝说她晚上不要一个人出去。pet n.宠物；玩赏动物Nowadays many people begin to raise pets.如今许多人养起了宠物。petrol n.汽油The

31、car stopped at the petrol filling station.汽车停在了加油站。注意petrol(汽油)为英国使用的单词，而美国人用gasoline。phenomenon ( 复 phenomena 或s)n.现象If you persist in the study of English, you will soon make progress.如果你坚持不懈地学习英语，你很快就会取得进步。This terrible phenomenon will persist for a period of time.这种糟糕的现象将会持续一段时间。philosophy n.哲学p

32、hone n.电话I want to make a phone call.我想打个电话。词组 phone booth 公用电话亭photo （ 复 s) n. 照片photograph He is always expecting to have a photo taken with Jordan.他一直期望能与乔丹合影。We photographed the school team.我们给校队拍了张照片。photographer n.摄影者photographic adj.摄影的；摄影般的；逼真的photography n.摄影术；摄影phrase n.短语，词组；习语Can you rep

33、lace the phrase with another one?你能用另外一个短语来替代这一个吗？The teacher was not satisfied with his phrase.老师对他的措辞不满意。physical adj.物理的；自然的；身体的We can not separate ourselves from the physical world.我们不能脱离物质世界。Every morning he gets up early and does physical training.每天早晨他起得很早进行体育锻炼。physician n.(内科)医生physicist n.

34、物理学家physics n.物理physiology n.生理学piano ( 复 s) n.钢琴He could play the piano well when he was a child.当他还是小孩子的时候，就弹得一手好钢琴。pick vt.采摘vi. (被)采摘We picked apples (from the tree).我们(从树上)摘了苹果。I picked a book to read.我选了一本书读。词组 pick out 挑选；选出；分辨出pick up拿起；用手拿起(某物)；拾起；学会；(用车、船)She picked out the best piece of s

35、ilk.她挑出最好的一匹丝绸。picnic n.野餐vi.去野餐We had a picnic by the sea.我们在海边搞了一次野餐。picture n./v.图片；想象She drew a picture of me.她画了一张我的肖像。It is hard to picture life 200 years ago.很难想象200年前人们的生活。pie n.馅饼piece n.块；片；段；张He took a piece of the cake.他拿了一块蛋糕。词组piece by piece 逐步地He took the clock apart piece by piece.他一

36、点一点地把钟表拆开。pig n.猪pigeon n.鸽子Pigeon is able to transmit messages.鸽子可以用来传递消息。Many people now raise pigeons.现在许多人养鸽子。pile n./v.堆；叠；堆积Lets move this pile of cement away to a safe place.让我们把这堆水泥运到一个安全的地方去。词组pile up 堆积；积累pile with 堆满；装满The workers were piling the sand up.工人们正在把沙子堆积起来。The truck was piled w

37、ith fruit and vegetables.卡车装了满满一车水果和蔬菜。pill n.药丸；药片He cant sleep and I give him a tablet of sleeping pill.他无法入睡，我于是给了他一粒安眠药。pilot n.飞行员；领航员A pilot should always keep a clear mind.领航员应该永远保持清醒的头脑。pin n./v.别针；发夹；钉住I need some pins.我需要几颗大头针。He sent a delicate pin to his girl friend as a birthday present

38、.他送了一枚精巧的饰针给他的女朋友作为生日礼物。He wanted to pin the map on the wall.他想把地图钉到墙上去。pine n.松树The house has pine floors and pine walls.这个房屋铺的是松木地板，镶嵌的是松木墙。pink n.粉红色adj.粉红色的 The girl dressed in pink looks charming.那个身着粉红色衣服的姑娘看上去很迷人。pioneer n.先锋；开拓者；创办者His grandfather was one of the pioneers of flying.他的外祖父是飞行的先

39、驱者之一。He is the pioneer in cancer research.他是癌症研究的倡导者。词组the Young Pioneers 少先队员pipe n.管子；烟斗pity n.同情；可怜；遗憾Its a pity she cant attend the reception.她不能参加招待会，真是遗憾。pizza n.比萨饼PLA (the Peoples Liberation Army的缩写)人民解放军词组 PLA man人民解放军战士place vt.放置；安置n.地方；地点，场所；名次The right place for the bowl is on the shelf

40、.碗应该放在架子上。She placed a book on the table.她把一本书放在桌子上。同组 out of place 在错误的位置；不适当的，废弃的词组 take place发生，举行词组 take the place of代替，替代His remarks were out of place.他的话不合时宜。The war took place in 1900.这场战争发生在1900年。I take the place of Mr. Smith today because he is ill.我今天替代史密斯先生，因为他病了。plain n.平原adj.明白的；简朴的；简易H

41、e expressed himself in a plain way.他表达得很清楚。We like the plain style of his essay.我们喜欢他散文朴素的风格。词组as plain as daylight一清二楚；明明白白He said it as plain as daylight.他说得明明白白。plan vt.计划；安排n.计划We listened as he told us his plan for starting a football club.我们听着他向我们讲要成立一个足球俱乐部的计划。The government plans to build a

42、bridge.政府计划建一座桥。同组plan for为做计划；打算They are planning a wonderful future for their children.他们为自己的孩子计划出了美好的未来。plane n.飞机；水平The pilot tried his best to land the plane.飞行员尽了自己最大的努力将飞机着陆。Keep your work on a high plane.使你的工作保持高水平。planet n.行星Can you give the names of the eight planets?你能说出八大行星的名字吗？Each star

43、 in the sky has its own planet.天上每个恒星都有自己的行星。plant n.植物；工厂vt.种植，栽种vi.种Trees and vegetables are plants.树和蔬菜属于植物。Have you planted any vegetables yet?你种蔬菜了吗？plantation n.种植园plastic adj.塑料的；可塑的n. 常用复数 塑料；塑料制品Glass and rubber are plastic substances.玻璃和橡胶是可塑性物质。plate n.盘子，碟子The cat jumped onto the table t

44、o eat the fish on the plate.猫跳到桌子上吃盘子里的鱼。platform n.站台，月台；讲台The passengers were waiting for the train on platform four.旅客们正在4号站台等候火车。The headmaster stood on a platform at one end of the hall.校长站在大厅一端的讲台上。play n.玩耍，游戏；剧本；戏剧v.玩；打(球)；演出；上演The children were playing with a ball.孩子们在玩球。She plays the drum.

45、她打鼓。词组play the piano 弹钢琴player n.比赛者；运动员The young player won the game.那个年轻人获得了比赛的胜利。playground n.操场pleasant adj.令人愉快的；和蔼可亲的This is a pleasant journey.这是一趟令人愉快的旅行。We spent a pleasant day in the country.我们在乡下度过了愉快的一天。please adv.请vt.使高兴；使满意令I am pleased that you have a new job.我很高兴你有了一个新工作。A cup of tea

46、,please.请来一杯茶。pleased adj.高兴的；喜欢的pleasure n.愉快，高兴词组 with pleasure高兴地；快乐地；愿意地令Would you please pass me the dictionary? 请帮忙把字典递给我好吗？With pleasure.非常愿意。plentiful adj.充足的；多的They had a plentiful harvest.他们获得大丰收。plenty n.充足；大量词组plenty of大量的；充足的plug n.电插头plunge vi.纵身投入；陷入；投身plus prep.加，加上；且有Two plus two is four.2加2等于4。Their strength plus their spirit makes them formidable.他们的力量再加上勇气使得他们不可战胜。All the children here are 10 plus.这些孩子的年龄都在10岁或者10岁以上。p.m. . 下午pocket n.衣袋I have little money in my pock