高二英语选修六的必会知识点分析归纳.docx

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1、高二英语选修六的必会知识点分析归纳高二英语选修六的必会知识点分析1.Hotwordsandhotphrases常用词与常用词组MedicalstudiesshowthatAIDSviruscannotbetransmittedviathefollowingroutes：cups，glasses，toiletseats，swimmingpools，mosquitoes，otherinsectsorblooddonation.(P.49)AIDSisadiseasethatbreaksdownthebodysimmunesystemandleavesapersondefencelessagains

2、tinfectionsandillness.(P.51)PeoplegetAIDSafterhavingbeeninfectedwiththeHIVvirus.(P.51)PeopletransmitHIVbyhavingunprotectedsex，byreceivinginfectedbloodtransfusionsor，asinXiaohuascase，throughbirth.(P.51)XiaohuasmothercontractedtheHIVviruswhenshewas28，andshediedofAIDSonlythreeyearsafterXiaohuawasborn.(

3、P.51)ThediseaseisspreadingfasterinAfricaandpartsofAsia，mainlybecauseofalackofproperhealthcare，preventionandeducation.(P.51)Thedrugsthatareavailablearemuchtooexpensiveanddifficulttofind.(P.51)butshedoesnotletthatknowledgediscourageher.(P.51)ShealsogoestovisitotherAIDSpatientsinhospitalsacrossthecount

4、rytosupportthemandcheerthemup.(P.51)ThediseaseisnottheonlythingthatAIDSpatientshavetosufferfrom.(P.52)researchandeducation.(P.52)XiaohuahaslearnttolivewithHIVandthefactshewilleventuallygetAIDS.(P.52)13.Twoyearsago，DrRichardshadaskedmeagreatmanyquestionsandhadtakensamplesofmyblood.(P.55)14.Mumheldmyh

5、andandIsawthatshewasweeping.(P.55)15.Cancerisadiseasethatbeginsincells.(P.55)Inmybody，theproductionofcellsisdisrupted.(P.55)Doctorsdoknowthatcancerisnotcausedbyinjuryandisnotcontagiousitdoesnotspreadfromonepersontoanother.(P.55)Thecancerinmybodyhasbeendefeatedforthemoment.(P.55)Livingwithcancerhasma

6、demerealizehowpreciouslifeisandhowimportantitisforustotakeeverychancetolivelifetothefullest.(P.55)EverydayisanewopportunityandIhavelearnttoappreciateeveryminuteofeachday.Languagepointsandgrammarfocus语言点和语法重点A.Languagepoints语言点HIV/AIDSisincurable.(P.49)AIDSisadiseasethat.leavesapersondefencelessagain

7、stinfectionsandillness.(P.51)本单元中由前缀或后缀派生出的的小结PeoplegetAIDSafterhavingbeeninfectedwiththeHIVvirus.(P.51)完成时的动名词的被动式的内涵及用法Aswithmostdiseasesanddisasters，theyoungsufferthemost.“定冠词+形容词/过去分词”表示“一类人”的用法的小结4.Ihadbeenfeelingsickforalongtimeandmymumhadtakenmetohospitaltohavemeexamined.(P.55)1)过去完成进行时的内涵及用法

8、2)“tohave+宾语+过去分词”的两个内涵及用法5.ThetreatmentwassuccessfulandIwasabletogohomeafterexactlyfourteenmonths，twodaysandsixhoursinhospital.(P.55)was/wereabletodo与coulddo在内涵上的区别及各自的用法6.Ihavebeenlivingwithcancerfortwoyearsand.(P.55)现在完成进行时的内涵及用法.Skillsofthefouressentialabilities：listening，speaking，readingandwrit

9、ing听、说、读、写四项基本能力的学习技巧1.Listening：Masterthemainideaofalongdialoguethroughtheinnerconnectionsamongthequestionssoastohavebetterunderstandingofthequestioneddetails从各设问间的内在联系把握较长对话的中心思想，更好理解各检测点的细节2.Speaking：TalkaboutdeadlydiseasesandattitudestowardsAIDS，cancer，etc.关于那些致命疾病及对待艾滋病、癌症等的态度的谈论Reading：Makeful

10、luseofinformationalwordsandphrases充分利用信息词Writing：Howtowriteapersonalnarrative如何写一篇个人经历过的叙述性高二英语选修六的必会知识点分析2一、重点词汇impressionn.印记;印象;感想;后接ofsb./ofsth./onsb./that从句;Myfirstimpressionofhimwasfavorable.他给我的第一印象非常讨人喜欢。Igottheimpressionthattheywereunhappyaboutthesituation.他们给我的印象是他们对这个情形不是很开心。知识拓展：impressv

11、.给留下深刻的印象;使铭记;使感动;常用结构有：impresssth.on/uponsb./impresssb.withsth.给留下深刻的印象;使铭记;Itimpressedmethatsherememberedmyname.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。remindv.提醒;使想起;常用结构有:remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事;remindsb.+(that)/wh-从句提醒某人;使某人想起;remindsb.about/ofsth.使某人想起或意识到;提醒某人某事Imsorry,butIveforgottenyourname,canyouremindme?很抱歉，我忘记你叫

12、什么名字了，你能提醒一下吗?Youremindmeofyourfatherwhenyousaythat.说到那的时候，我想起了你的父亲。知识拓展：remindern.提醒物;引起回忆的事物constantlyadv.始终;一直;重复不断地Fashionisconstantlychanging.时尚总是日新月异。知识拓展：constantadj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的;previousadj.先前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的;Nopreviousexperienceisnecessaryforthisjob.以往的对这项工作不是很有必要。IcouldntbelieveitwhenIheard

13、thenews.我听到这个消息的时候，我觉得简直令人那以置信。Ihadonlyseenhimthepreviousday.我只在几天前见到过他。知识拓展：previouslyadv.先前的;早先Thebuildinghadpreviouslybeenusedasahotel.这栋建筑早些时候被用作旅馆。bendv.(bentbent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;常用搭配有:bendonesmind/effortstosth.致力于某事bendsb.tosth.迫使;说服bendthetruth歪曲事实Itshardtobendanironbar.把铁棒弄弯很不容易。Shebentherheada

14、ndkissedherdaughter.她低下头吻了她的女儿。switchn.&v.用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。Shemadetheswitchfromfull-timetopart-timeworkwhenherfirstchildwasborn.她生第一个孩子的时候调整了工作，把全职工作转换成了兼职工作。Pressthesetwokeystoswitchbetweendocumentsonscreen.按这两个键来转换屏幕上的文件。Icantworknextweek,willyouswitchwithme?下周我不想上班，你能和我换一下班。lackn.&v.用作名词，

15、表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词，表示：“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。alackoffood/money/skills缺乏食物/金钱/技能Thetripwascancelledthroughlackofinterest.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。Helacksconfidence.他缺乏信心。知识拓展：lackingadj.缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足surroundingsn.环境;surroundv.围绕;环绕surroundingadj.周围的;附近的Everyonelikestoworkinpleasantsurroundings.每个人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。catch/gain/get

16、sightof发现，看出;losesightof看不见,忘记;loseonessight失明;atfirstsight一见就;乍看起来;at(the)sightof一看见就;beinsight看得见，在眼前;outofsight看不见Atfirstsight,theproblemseemseasy.乍一看，这个问题似乎很简单。Atthesightoftheteacher,theboyranaway.小男孩一看到老师就跑了。Theislandisstillinsight.小岛仍然在眼前。Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见，心不烦。takeup：tofilloruseanamount

17、ofspaceortime占用(时间);占据(空间);tolearntoorstarttodosth开始做(某项工作);开始从事;toacceptsth.thatisofferedoravailable接受(建议或能得到的东西)Thetabletakesuptoomuchroom.这张桌子太占地儿。Theyhavetakenupgolf.他们学起打来了。Shetookuphisofferofadrink.他请她喝一杯，她接受了。Hetakesuphisdutiesnextweek.他下周就要开始履行职责。sweepup打扫;清扫;横扫;涌向;快速地抱起Hesweptupthebabyupint

18、ohisarms.他一把将孩子抱进怀里二、重点语法：Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。作原因状语，等于as/since/because引导从句Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldnthelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhat

19、shesaid作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention.作方式或伴

20、随状语Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.作让步状语Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he.独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.高

21、二英语选修六的必会知识点分析3Themostancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofthecoldweather,plantinginspringandharvestinautumn.(Reading)would在此表示过去的习惯性动作，可译为“总会”。又如：WheneverIwenttoseehim,hewouldtreatmewithsomehome-madecakes.每次我去看他，他总是用自制的糕点招待我。would还有以下用法：表示意愿。如：Hewouldntletthedoctortakehisbloodpressure.他不愿意让医生量他的血压

22、。表示猜测。如：Thatwouldbein1976,Ithink.我想那大概是在1976年。表示倾向。如：Thewindowwouldntopen.窗子怎么也打不开。lookforwardto指热切地期盼着一件事或行动。此短语中的to是介词，所以后面的宾语应为名词或动词的-ing形式。如：Wearelookingforwardtomyunclesvisitwithgreatpleasure.我们高兴地等着叔叔来作客。Werelookingforwardtoseeinghimagain.我们期望再见到他。含有介词to的动词短语还有leadto(导致，通向),be/getusedto(习惯于),p

23、ayattentionto(注意),devote.to(致力于，献身于),prefer.to(喜欢胜过),getdownto(开始认真干某事)等。Thecountryiscoveredwithcherrytreeflowerssothatitlooksasthoughitmightbecoveredwithpinksnow.(Reading)asthough和asif意义相同，都表示“似乎”、“好像”之意。当说话人认为所述是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，asthough/if从句要用虚拟语气。如：Hetalkedasifheknewallaboutit.他说起来好像了解一切。Itse

24、emedasifthedaywouldneverend.似乎白天永远也过不完。IfeelasthoughIweretenyearsyounger.我觉得我仿佛年轻了十岁。Shelooksasifshehadnotsleptlastnight.她看起来好像昨晚没睡觉。Hetalksaboutpyramidsasthoughhehadseenthemhimself.他谈起金字塔来，就像亲眼见过似的。当说话人认为所述的情况可能发生时，asthough/if从句可用陈述语气。如：Itseemsasifourteamisgoingtowin.看来我们队要胜了。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.好像要下雨。