英语高考英语语法复习虚拟语气及相关练习题.pptx

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1、会计学1英语高考英语语法复习虚拟语气及相关练英语高考英语语法复习虚拟语气及相关练习题习题wishwish引导的虚拟句引导的虚拟句第1页/共40页I wish I remembered the address.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）I wish he had not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+that clausedid

2、/werehad done would/might/would dowish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气第2页/共40页Exercises:“Have you visited the Science Museum?”“No,but I really wish I _.”A.had B.did C.have D.willAI didnt go to the party,but I do wish I _there.A.was B.were C.had been D.wentCI wish I _ you yesterday.A.see B.did see C.had se

3、en D.were to seeC 第3页/共40页The picture exhibition bored me to death.I wish I_to it.A.hadnt gone B.havent goneC.didnt go D.could not have goneAHow I wish I _that!Everybody present was angry with me.A.didnt go B.hadnt done C.wouldnt do D.wasnt doingB第4页/共40页-He is a brave man.-Yes,I wish I _his courage

4、.A.Have B.had C.will have D.would haveBTom can take his car apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he _me how.A.teaches B.will teach C.has taught D.would teachD第5页/共40页When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken

5、CThe actor is 58 years old.But he acts as if he _ a young man.A.is B.will be C.am D.wereDThe clouds are getting darker and darker.It looks as if it _rain.A.is going to B.will C.was going to D.wouldA第6页/共40页 How I wish I _such a good chance before.A.didnt see B.hadnt missed C.met D.have gotBI wish th

6、e rain _stop.A.will B.would C.may D.canBShe sings as if she _a boy.A.is B.was C.were D.areCWe felt as if we _each other for years.A.knew B.were knowing C.had known D.have knowingC第7页/共40页if if引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句第8页/共40页If+主主+did(were),主主+would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形If I were you,I would try it aga

7、in.If he were free,he would go with you.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。3.3.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。If I had one million dollars,I would buy the plane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句第9页/共40页If+主主+had done sth,主主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（动词完成式（have done）If

8、he had worked hard,he would have passed the examination.1.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。If he had been there,he could have seen the filmIf I had married her,I would have been unhappy.3.3.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。2.2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句与过

9、去事实相反的虚拟条件句第10页/共40页与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语通常有时间状语)If he came here tomorrow,I would tell him about it.If he were to come here tomorrow,I would tell him.1.1.如果他明天来的话如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事我会告诉他这件事.2.2.如果他明天来的话如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他我会告诉他.If+主主+did(were to/should do),主主+would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形第1

10、1页/共40页条件状语的倒装：条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有如果条件状语中有were,had,should时时,可以倒可以倒装成：装成：Were/Should/Had+主主+其他其他Were I you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.If I were you,I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday,he would hav

11、e seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.第12页/共40页If you _tomorrow,you _find the new manager working in the office.A.should come;would B.would come;wouldC.will come;should D.comes;mightAIf the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident,the child would have been saved.A.a

12、rrives B.arrive C.had arrived D.has arrivedC第13页/共40页I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did come C.came D.had comeD If my lawyer _here last Sunday,he _ me from going.A.had been;would have preventedB.had been;would preventC.were;would prevent D.

13、were;would have preventedA第14页/共40页If he _he _that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned;would not have takenB.had been warned;would not have takenC.would be warned;had not takenD.would have been warned;had not takenB第15页/共40页If the doctor had come earlier,the poor child_

14、.A.wouldnt be lying there for two hoursB.wouldnt have laid there for two hoursC.wouldnt have lied there for two hoursD.wouldnt have lain there for two hoursD第16页/共40页If you had told me in advance,I _him at the airport.A.would meet B.would had meetC.would have met D.would have meetCIf there were nor

15、subjunctive mood,English _much easier.A.Will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would beD第17页/共40页_the exam,he would have attend a college.A.If he passed B.Had he passedC.Were he passed D.If he should passB_five minutes earlier,you could have seen them off.A.If you should arrive B.If you arriv

16、eC.Had you arrived D.Should you arriveC _it rain tomorrow,we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A.Were B.should C.would D.willB第18页/共40页 1.The boy who went swimming in the No-swimming Zone drowned in the river.If the boy hadnt gone swimming in the No-swimming Zone,he wouldnt have

17、 drowned in the river.Had the boy not gone swimming in the No-swimming Zone,he wouldnt have drowned in the river.第19页/共40页2.Billy was badly bitten by mosquitoes because he forgot to use the mosquito net last night.If Billy had remembered to use the mosquitonet last night,he would not have been bitte

18、n by Had Billy remembered to use the mosquitonet last night,he would not have been bitten by第20页/共40页3.The mother carelessly put the knife within the babys reach,and the baby cut herself while playing it.If the mother had carefully put the knife out of the babys reach,the baby wouldnt have cut herse

19、lf.Had the mother carefully put the knife out of the babys reach,the baby wouldnt have cut herself.第21页/共40页4.The students got food-poisoning after eating the potatoes in the dining-room.If the students had not eaten the potatoes in the dinning-room,they wouldnt have got food-poisoning.Had the stude

20、nts not eaten the potatoes in the dinning-room,they wouldnt have got food-poisoning.第22页/共40页5.The parents put the thermos on the ground.Their son kicked it and got burnt.If the parents had put the thermos in a safe place,their son wouldnt have kicked it and got burnt.Had the parents put the thermos

21、 in a safe place,their son wouldnt have kicked it and got burnt.第23页/共40页假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。设的时间而定。If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers

22、advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.第24页/共40页 经典题目经典题目1.If you _ him yesterday,you _ what to do now.A.asked would know B.had asked would have knownC.asked him know D.had asked would know2.What would have happened,_ as far as the river bank?A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.ha

23、d Bob walked farther D.if Bob walked fartherCD第25页/共40页3.How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!(02 上海)A.hasB.hadC.will haveD.had had4.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.(95 N)A.breaksB.has broken C.were broken D.had been brokenBC第26页/共40页名词性从句中要

24、求名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词用虚拟语气的动词第27页/共40页名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order,command 三个建议：三个建议：advise,suggest,propose五个要求：五个要求：demand,require,request,desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should+

25、should+动词原动词原形，或者将形，或者将shouldshould省略。省略。第28页/共40页我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.He insisted that I(should)be present.The king ordered that the prisoners(should)be killed the next day.They re

26、quested that we(should)send them to work there.第29页/共40页 2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should com

27、e to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.第30页/共40页2）would rather that-现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时过去时过去完成时我宁愿你不去做这件事。我宁愿你不去做这件事。Id rather you didnt do it.我宁愿你明天来。我宁愿你明天来。Id rather you came tomorrow.你要是没把那个消息告诉她就好了。你要是没把那个消息告诉她就好了。I had rather you

28、hadnt told her the news.第31页/共40页3）as if/though+从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时He looks as if he were drunk.They talked as if they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.第32页/共40页4.Its high t

29、ime+that-should+V.过去时你该走了。孩子们该睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that children went to bed.Its time that children should go to bed.第33页/共40页 but for,without,or,otherwise等，引导的虚拟等，引导的虚拟结构叫结构叫【含蓄条件句含蓄条件句】，本质上不是从句，只，本质上不是从句，只是短语结构，

30、但是能够表达虚拟条件，可以替是短语结构，但是能够表达虚拟条件，可以替换为虚拟条件句。换为虚拟条件句。But for your help,I couldnt have finished it so successfully!=Without your help,=If it had not been for your help,第34页/共40页 Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.But for water,i

31、t would be impossible to live in the desert.第35页/共40页 if only if only引起的表示愿望的感叹句中要用虚拟语气引起的表示愿望的感叹句中要用虚拟语气引起的表示愿望的感叹句中要用虚拟语气引起的表示愿望的感叹句中要用虚拟语气(和和和和 wish wish 后宾语从句谓语动词的形式一样后宾语从句谓语动词的形式一样后宾语从句谓语动词的形式一样后宾语从句谓语动词的形式一样)，意为，意为，意为，意为“但愿但愿但愿但愿”“”“要是要是要是要是就好了就好了就好了就好了”。例如：。例如：。例如：。例如：n n我要是年轻我要是年轻我要是年轻我要是年轻1

32、010岁就好了。岁就好了。岁就好了。岁就好了。n nIf only I were ten years younger.If only I were ten years younger.n n我要是听了她的建议多好。我要是听了她的建议多好。我要是听了她的建议多好。我要是听了她的建议多好。n nIf only I had listened to her advice.If only I had listened to her advice.n n要是他能来就好了！要是他能来就好了！要是他能来就好了！要是他能来就好了！n nOhOh，if only he would comeif only he w

33、ould come！n n那张相片要是没丢该多好啊！那张相片要是没丢该多好啊！那张相片要是没丢该多好啊！那张相片要是没丢该多好啊！n nIf only that photograph werent missing.If only that photograph werent missing.第36页/共40页8）Its necessary/strange/natural/important+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we(should)master a foreign languag

34、e.2.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3.Its necessary that we should study hard.第37页/共40页陈述语气与虚拟语气陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题典型例题5)The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is rained6)-Would you have called her up _ possible?-Yes,but I _ busy doing my homework.A.

35、had it been was B.if it was were C.if it had been had been D.if it were would beB该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。真。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用 would have called,从从句中与过去相反的动词形式为句中与过去相反的动词形式为 had done；答句中表示；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。的是真实的情况，

36、所以该用陈述语气。A第38页/共40页高考题点击高考题点击7)You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.A.drovedidnt getB.had drivenwouldnt have got C.drovewouldnt get D.were drivingwouldnt get 8)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(02 上海)A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall前句用的是陈述语气，表示过去发生的事；后句是虚拟语气，表示与过去相反。BB该句主句中用的是与现在相反的虚拟语气，而从句中使用的是与过去相反的虚拟语气。全句意思为“如果我不在七岁时迷上了我们家乡的 Melinda Cox Library，我真不能想象我今天会做什么。”第39页/共40页