虚拟语气种句型.pptx

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1、会计学1虚拟语气种句型虚拟语气种句型含义含义动动 词词 形形 式式与事实与事实相反相反If 从从 句句 过去过去现在现在将来将来主主 句句did/werehad+donedid/werewere to+doshould+dowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could/might+have done1.虚拟条件句虚拟条件句34第1页/共39页1 If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present,what would you do with it?2 If you became the head

2、 of the United Nations,what would you do first?3 If you travelled anywhere in the world,where would you go and what would you do?(the present)54第2页/共39页1 If someone had given you a valuable painting as a present,what would you have done with it?2 If you had become the head of the United Nations,what

3、 would you have done first?3 If you had travelled anywhere in the world,where would you have gone and what would you have done?(the past)5第3页/共39页1 If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present,what would you do with it?2 If you were to become the head of the United Nations,what would you do

4、first?3 If you should travel anywhere in the world,where would you go and what would you do?(the future)5第4页/共39页省略省略if的倒装句的倒装句e.g.1.If they were here,they would help us.e.g.1.If they were here,they would help us.如果从句中有were，should，had等词，可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。2.If you had come earlier,nothin

5、g would have happened.Were they here,they would help us.Had you come earlier,nothing would have happened.3.If they should be here tomorrow,they would help us.Should they be here tomorrow,they would help us.第5页/共39页省略省略if的倒装句的倒装句n n注意：n n1 条件句中必须有should,were或者had才能省略。n n2 倒装之后用一般疑问句来检验。n n假如他那是时不是个党员

6、，他就不会就那个男孩了。（用省略if的倒装句）n nHad he not been a Party member,he wouldnt have saved the boy.n n3 否定词not只能留在助于后面，不能移到主语前面。第6页/共39页含蓄条件句的虚拟语气含蓄条件句的虚拟语气n n假设情况不以假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如如without,but for,but,otherwise,because,or等。等。第7页/共39页含蓄条件句的虚拟语气含蓄条件句的虚拟语气n nIf

7、 I had not lost her phone number,I would have rung her up.(用otherwise,but和or分别造句)n nI lost her phone number.Otherwise,I would have rung her up.n nI would have rung her up but I lost her phone number.n nI lost her phone number or I would have rung her up.第8页/共39页含蓄条件句的虚拟语气含蓄条件句的虚拟语气n n要不是有。(but for,w

8、ithout,if it were not for,if it had not been for)n nIf you had not helped me,I would not have the chance to go to school.n nWithout/but for your help,I would not have the chance to go to school.第9页/共39页含蓄条件句的虚拟语气含蓄条件句的虚拟语气n nIf it had not been for your help,If it had not been for your help,I would n

9、ot I would not have the chance to go to school.have the chance to go to school.n nBut for your help,I would not have the But for your help,I would not have the chance to go to school.chance to go to school.n nIf it were not for his presence now,I would If it were not for his presence now,I would pun

10、ish you.punish you.n nBut for his presence,I would punish you.But for his presence,I would punish you.n nIf it had not been for his presence yesterday,If it had not been for his presence yesterday,I would have punished you.I would have punished you.n nBut for his presence yesterday,I would have But

11、for his presence yesterday,I would have punished you.punished you.第10页/共39页错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。动词的虚拟形式要根据时间做出相应的调整.e.g.If she hadnt studied hard,she wouldnt speak English so well.If he _ his legs yesterday,he _ with us now.A.hadnt hurt;would go B.hadnt hurt;would have goneC.didnt hurt;woul

12、d go D.didnt hurt;would have gone 错综时间条件句171921第11页/共39页含义含义动动 词词 形形 式式例句例句I wish you had told me earlier.Did/wereHad done对现状对现状表达愿望表达愿望would/could/might+do对过去表示对过去表示遗憾遗憾/后悔后悔对将来对将来表达愿望表达愿望I wish I had a little lab of myown.I wish he couldcome tomorrow.2.wish 后的宾语从句后的宾语从句=if only第12页/共39页注意：注意：n n1

13、wish 后面跟的宾语从句一定要用虚拟语气。n n2 hope 没有虚拟语气可以说hope that/hope to do,但是不能说hope sb to don n3 以下情况是可以实现的：wish sb to do,wish sb sthI wish you to be a scientist.We wish you a merry Christmas.第13页/共39页含义含义动动 词词 形形 式式例句例句It appeared as if nothing had happened.Did/wereHave done现在现在would/could/might+do过去过去将来将来He l

14、ooks as if he knew the little girl.The man looked worried,as if something bad would happen.3.as if/as though后的表语或状语从句后的表语或状语从句 (与与wish相同相同)第14页/共39页含义含义动动 词词 形形 式式例句例句didHad done现在现在过去过去将来将来I would rather he took me over thecrossing.I would rather youhadnt told me thetruth.4.would rather后的宾语从句后的宾语从句

15、 (宁愿宁愿)第15页/共39页5.动词形式为动词形式为(should)+do 的虚拟的虚拟1.表示命令表示命令/建议建议/要求的词所带的从句要求的词所带的从句 记住以下动词以及他们的名词。记住以下动词以及他们的名词。建议：建议：suggest/recommand/advise/propose要求：要求：require/request/demand/ask/desire命令：命令：order/command/坚持：坚持：insist不过是动词还是名词，不过是主动还是被动，不过是动词还是名词，不过是主动还是被动，后面带的不管是主语从句，后面带的不管是主语从句，宾语从句，宾语从句，表语从句还是同位

16、语从句，表语从句还是同位语从句，都要用都要用should do第16页/共39页5.5.动词形式为动词形式为动词形式为动词形式为(should)+do should)+do 的虚拟的虚拟的虚拟的虚拟n nMy suggestion is that we should listen to his opinion first.n nIt is suggested that we should listen to his opinion firstn nMy suggestion that we should listen to his opinion first is being discusse

17、d.n n注意当insist硬说，suggest表明，不能有虚拟语气。第17页/共39页5.动词形式为动词形式为(should)+do 的虚拟的虚拟2.Its+adj.+that 的主语从句的主语从句(adj:necessary/essential/important/natural/strange/possible/impossibleeg.It is important that we should attend the meeting.Its a pity that 可以用虚拟，也可以不用。第18页/共39页3.Its(high/about)time+that 从句从句+sb shoul

18、d do/sb did (该是做该是做时候时候)eg.It is time that we should stop work and go home.It is time that we stopped work and went home.注意注意:should 不能省略不能省略;动词也可用过去式动词也可用过去式第19页/共39页6.虚拟语气表示祝愿虚拟语气表示祝愿1.Long live Chairman Mao!2.God bless you!3.May you have a long and happy life!4.Wish you a happy birthday!注意注意:动词用原

19、形动词用原形,后边用后边用!may+人人+do!wish+人人+名词名词!第20页/共39页7.其他句型其他句型n nHad thought/hoped/expected that+过去时间n nI had hoped that you could win the match yesterday but you didnt.第21页/共39页n n对过去的猜测n n肯定 must have donen n否定 can/could not have donen n可能 may/might have done第22页/共39页n n本应该做（实际没有做，有责备意思）n nShould have d

20、onen nShouldnt have donen n本来有必要作（实际没有做，不含责备意思）n nNeed have donen nNeednt have done第23页/共39页Practice1.If I _(know)her address,I would write to her.2.What would you have done if you _(miss)the train?3.If he _ (not be ill),he would have done something.4.If it _(snow)tomorrow,we _(get up)early.5.If you

21、 had asked him yesterday,you _(know)what to do now.knewhad missedhad not been illwere to/should snow/snowedshould get upwould knowsnowswill get up18第24页/共39页判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气：判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气：1.If we could finish our work earlier we shall go to the cinema.2.The doctor suggests that she will not smoke

22、.3.I wish that it is true.4.Had you put on more clothes,you would not catch a cold.shall 改成改成 shouldwill not 改成改成(should)notis 改成改成 werewould not catch 改成改成 would not have caught第25页/共39页Translation 1 用用if条件句条件句n n如果他现在知道这消息，他就会合我争吵的。（事实上，他现在不知道这消息。）n n假如他过去读过这本小说，他早就讲给我们听这个故事了。n n假如他明天来这里，他就会帮助我们了。

23、（事实上，他明天不来。用三种形式。）第26页/共39页n nIf he knew the news now,he would quarrel with me.n nIf he had read the novel,he would have told us that story.n nIf he came here tomorrow,he would help us.n nIf he should come heretomorrow,he n nIf he were to come here tomorrow,he 第27页/共39页Translation 2 I wish/if onlyn

24、n要是他昨天已来这里就好了。/但愿他昨天已来这里。n n要是他现在已在这里就好了。/但愿他现在已在这里。n n要是他明天会来这里就好了。/但愿他明天会来这里。第28页/共39页n nI wish that he had come here yesterday./If only he had come here yesterday.n nI wish that he were here now./If only he were here now.n nI wish that he would come here tomorrow./If only he would come here tomor

25、row.第29页/共39页Translation 3 Translation 3 用用用用if if条件句的省略式条件句的省略式条件句的省略式条件句的省略式n n假如他过去读过这本小说，他早就讲给我们听这个故事了。n n假如他明天来这里，他就会帮助我们了。（他明天不来。用两种形式。）第30页/共39页n nHad he read the novel,he would have told us that story.n nShould he come here tomorrow,he would help us.n nWere he to come here tomorrow,he would

26、help us.第31页/共39页Translation 4n n含蓄条件句含蓄条件句:n n假如没有水和空气，人类就不可能生存。假如没有水和空气，人类就不可能生存。(without)n n要不是有有你的帮助，我昨天就不能完成要不是有有你的帮助，我昨天就不能完成这项工作。这项工作。(造两句，一句用造两句，一句用but for，另一另一句句if条件句条件句)n n错综时间条件句错综时间条件句:n n假如你中午吃过饭，你现在就不会那么饿。假如你中午吃过饭，你现在就不会那么饿。第32页/共39页n nWithout water or air,man couldnt live.n nBut for y

27、our help,I wouldnt have finished the work yesterday.n nIf it had not been for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work yesterday.n nIf you had eaten lunch,you wouldnt be so hungry now.第33页/共39页Translation 5n n他现在走得很慢，好像生病似的。（as if）n n他那时走得很慢，好像生病似的。（as if）n n我宁可他马上走开。（would rather）n n我宁可他昨天就离开这里。（

28、would rather）第34页/共39页n nHe walks slowly as if he were ill.n nHe walked slowly as if he had been ill.n nI would rather he went away at once.n nI would he had left yesterday.第35页/共39页Translation 6n n我们马上离开的建议被忽略了。n n奇怪的是Tom明天也去那里。n n是时候该回家了。n n祝你好运！n n我本来期待你和你的女朋友今天早晨一起来的。第36页/共39页n nMy advice that w

29、e should leave right away is being ignored.n nIt is strange that Tom go there tomorrow,too.n nIt is(high)time that we went home./It is(high)time that we should go home.n nWish you good luck!n nI had expected that you came here together with your girl-friend this morning.第37页/共39页Tips：n n这个是高考重难点，如果不懂，别着急，先记句型，认识虚拟存在的句型，是一切的而基础。n n第二记表示虚拟的方式，句型对应那种方式，就使用那种。n n第三做练习，巩固，相同的题可以反复做，熟悉，夯实知识点。n n切记，不可得过且过，一定要知识清晰，否则所有时间和精力都是徒劳！加油，7班的孩子第38页/共39页