猪肺炎支原体的免疫时机及疫苗的选择精品文稿.ppt

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1、猪肺炎支原体的免疫时机及疫苗的选择1第1 页，本讲稿共60 页Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae猪支原体肺炎(Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine(Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine MPSMPS)Enzootic Pneumonia(EP)Enzootic Pneumonia(EP)第2 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Disease 猪支原体肺炎n First isolated from pig lungs in 1965n 1965年首次在猪肺脏中分离n One of the most common and economical

2、ly important diseasesn 最普遍和经济意义重大的疾病之一n A complex interaction between M.hyo and other bacterial and viral infections,and poor management and ventilation.n 主要损失是支原体和其它细菌病毒的混合感染、饲养管理不善、通风不良等综合因素所致。第3 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Diseasen One of the primary pathogens causing Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex(PRDC

3、)n 引起PRDC 的原发病原之一n Affects as many as 99%of U.S.herdsn 99的美国猪群都有感染n World-wide significancen 世界范围内养猪生产中流行第4 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo diseasen Economic effects are extremely variable between herds.n 不同猪群的经济影响差异较大n Dependent on cost of inputs,price of pigs,other diseases,etc.n 取决于投入的成本、猪价、其它疾病的情况等。n A MOVING T

4、ARGET.第5 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Diseasen Reduced average daily gain(ADG)n 降低日增重n Reduced feed efficiency(FE)n 降低饲料报酬n Increased medication costsn 增加药物成本n Increased cull or light-weight pigsn 增加淘汰或低体重的猪n Etc.第6 页，本讲稿共60 页第7 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Economic Lossesn M.hyo decreased growth rate 12.7%and decreased feed

5、 efficiency by 13.8%(Pointon,et al,1985)n 肺炎支原体可降低生长率12.7%和饲料报酬13.8%第8 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo diseasen Transmission between pigs:aerosol and direct contactn 猪之间传播途径：空气和直接接触n Transmission between farms:movement of infected pigs n 猪场之间传播方式：感染猪的移动n Aerosol between farms:Britain 3.2 kmn 猪场之间传播距离：3.2公里第9 页，本讲稿共

6、60 页M.hyo DiseaseClinical signs include:临床症状n chronic cough(often dry or nonproductive)n 慢性咳嗽（通常是干咳）n high morbidity and low mortalityn 高发病率和低死亡率n uneven groups of pigsn 猪群内生长不整齐第10 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo diseasen Peak prevalence in Finisher because of:n 在育肥期多发的原因：n Long incubation period：潜伏期长n Slow spread

7、 传播缓慢n Increased animal density 养殖密度加大n Presence of other organisms 其他致病菌的出现第11 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Pathogenesisn M.hyo colonizes cilia of trachea and bronchi.paralyzing then tangling,splitting and breaking cilia.reducing normal function of mucociliary apparatus.n 支原体定植在气管和支气管纤毛上，导致纤毛缠绕折断、脱落，从而降低了粘液纤毛的正

8、常功能。第12 页，本讲稿共60 页Only attaches to tracheobronchial ciliaA mucosal pathogen第13 页，本讲稿共60 页第14 页，本讲稿共60 页第15 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Pathogenesisn There is also evidence of impaired Alveolar macrophage function(Caruso and Ross,1990)n 破坏肺泡巨嗜细胞的功能 第16 页，本讲稿共60 页第17 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo DiseaseSecondary bacterial inf

9、ections:继发细菌感染n Pasteurella multocida 多杀性巴氏杆菌n Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae 胸膜肺炎放线杆菌n Streptococcus suis 链球菌n Haemophilus parasuis 副嗜血杆菌 Generally seen as respiratory distress or“thumping”第18 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Diseasen There are also interactions with several viruses including Swine Influenza Virus

10、,Pseudorabies(PRV),PRRS，PCVIIn 还和几种病毒相互作用，其中包括猪流感病毒、伪狂犬病毒、蓝耳病病毒、圆环病毒II 型第19 页，本讲稿共60 页第20 页，本讲稿共60 页第21 页，本讲稿共60 页Mycoplasma hyopneumonia:Control and Prevention猪支原体肺炎的控制与防治第22 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Control and Preventionn Medication 药物n Management 管理n Vaccination 免疫第23 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Medicationn Antibiot

11、ics have shown mixed results in field conditions and are used mostly to control secondary infections.n 田间条件下，抗生素的效果表现不一，主要用于控制继发感染。第24 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Medicationn Lincomycin:results inconsistentn 林可霉素n Tiamulin:results inconsistentn 支原净n Quinolones:show some promisen 喹喏酮类n Florfenicol:shows some pro

12、misen 纽弗罗n Aivlosin:results are goodn 爱乐新第25 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Medicationn One problem with any medication program is that once the medication is removedthe disease can begin to cause problems again.n 一旦停药，疾病复发第26 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Prevention and ControlManagement factors are important管理十分重要n All-in/all

13、-out production is probably the single most important management techniquen 全进全出是最好的管理方式n No more than 3 weeks spread in agen 年龄差距不要超过3周n Medicated Early Weaning(MEW)has been shown to help control the MPS diseasen 早期药物断奶有一定帮助第27 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Prevention and ControlManagement factors(continued)n Se

14、gregated Early Weaning(SEW)has shown meritn 早期隔离断奶也有一定好处n Vaccination 免疫n Optimize density and proper ventilationn 合理化密度，保持良好通风第28 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Prevention and ControlKey to an effective program to control PRDC(Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex)is an effective M.hyo vaccine控制PRDC 有效措施的关键是使用有效的支原

15、体疫苗第29 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Vaccinesn Because the exact antigenic epitopes responsible for immunity are not well understood,whole-cell vaccines are best.n 因为还不清楚决定免疫力的具体抗原决定部位，所以全细胞疫苗是最好的。第30 页，本讲稿共60 页Western Blot Analysis免疫印记分析n M+Pac preserves 15 proteinsn 安百克保留了15种抗原蛋白n Product A preserves 11 protein

16、sn A 产品保留了11 种抗原蛋白n Products B and C preserve 8 proteinsn B 和C 产品保留了8种抗原蛋白第31 页，本讲稿共60 页M+PAC 安百克拥有全世界最多的猪支原体抗原 Pfizer Pfizer Intervet Intervet Fort Dodge Fort Dodge M+PAC M+PAC 第32 页，本讲稿共60 页M.hyo Vaccinesn Also,because long-lasting immunity is important,it is our belief that an effective M.hyo vac

17、cine should have an improved oil adjuvant.n 此外，长久免疫力是重要的，良好的油佐剂是支原体疫苗必须的。第33 页，本讲稿共60 页Vaccine Adjuvants疫苗佐剂第34 页，本讲稿共60 页Vaccine Adjuvants疫苗佐剂n Aluminum Hydroxide(AH)氢氧化铝n Water-in-oil(W/O)油包水n Oil-in-water(O/W)水包油第35 页，本讲稿共60 页Aluminum Hydroxide氢氧化铝n Low viscosity 粘度低n Mild to no reactions 温和无刺激n

18、Immediate response 免疫反应迅速n Short-lived immunity 免疫期短第36 页，本讲稿共60 页Water-in-Oil(W/O)油包水n More oil=more viscosity 粘度高n More irritation 刺激大n More pain 疼痛n More stress 应激大第37 页，本讲稿共60 页Oil-in-Water(O/W)水包油n More modern 最新型n At least as effective as W/O 与油包水效果相同n Less oil=lower viscosity 低粘度n Less irrita

19、tion 刺激小n Less pain 疼痛少n Less stress(pigs and people)应激小第38 页，本讲稿共60 页 M.hyo Vaccine Adjuvantsn M+PAC SPAH O/W+AHn Respisure Pfizer O/W,Lecithin 卵磷脂n Respifend Fort Dodge AHn Ingelvac MH Nobl/BI W/On Porcilis Intervet AHn Hyoresp Merial AH第39 页，本讲稿共60 页Introducing new M+Pac第40 页，本讲稿共60 页Check other

20、mycoplasma vaccines against the advantages of M+Pac:n Reduced lung lesionsn Less coughingn Higher antibody titersn Higher cell-mediated immunityn Exclusive Emunade adjuvantn 1 ml administration第41 页，本讲稿共60 页Emunade,a revolutionary new Emunade,a revolutionary new dual-action adjuvantdual-action adjuv

21、ant革命性的双相佐剂革命性的双相佐剂n The key to M+Pacs superior performancen 安百克优良性能的关键n Faster acting,longer lastingn 速效、长效n Excellent syringeabilityn 良好的通针性第42 页，本讲稿共60 页Emunade,n Aluminum Hydroxide plus Oil-in watern 氢氧化铝水包油n Fast acting 速效n Long lasting 长效n Stimulates strong cell-mediated immunityn 刺激坚强的细胞介导免疫力

22、第43 页，本讲稿共60 页Oil globules in Emunade contain antigen both inside droplet and on droplet surface.Surface antigen prompts rapid immune response.第44 页，本讲稿共60 页第45 页，本讲稿共60 页Antigen inside is released gradually as oil droplets break down over time.This gradual release allows Emunade to deliver prolonge

23、d immunity.第46 页，本讲稿共60 页第47 页，本讲稿共60 页Vaccination Schedules免疫程序n Timing(Later is better?)时机n One-dose vs.Two-dose 一针还是二针n Sow Vaccination 母猪免疫第48 页，本讲稿共60 页Vaccination Timing免疫时机n Later is Better.Why?n 越晚越好n Maternal Antibody Interferencen 母源抗体干扰n Protection needs to last for entire finishing perio

24、dn 保护力需要持续整个育肥期第49 页，本讲稿共60 页Lung Scores After Vaccination of Maternal Lung Scores After Vaccination of Maternal Antibody Pigs At 4 And 6 Weeks of AgeAntibody Pigs At 4 And 6 Weeks of Age5.95.818.8005101520%of lung lesions4 weeks 6 weeks Nonvacc Non-Chall*Significantly lower than nonvaccinated,P 0.0

25、2*第50 页，本讲稿共60 页Efficacy of Vaccination of 1,3,and 6 week old Pigs3.22.80.9*5.000123456Mean pourcentage ofLung Consolidation1 week 3 weeks 6 weeksNonvacc Non-ChallAge when vaccinated*Significantly lower than nonvaccinates,p=0.0026第51 页，本讲稿共60 页One-dose vs.Two-dose一针免疫还是二针免疫n Theoretical immunology t

26、ells us that with an inactivated vaccine,two doses are necessary to achieve peak immunity.This is very important with M.hyo since we want long-lasting immunity.n 根据免疫学理论，灭活苗二针免疫才能达到免疫力高峰。这对于肺炎支原体免疫极为重要，因为我们希望支原体的免疫力持久（直到出栏）第52 页，本讲稿共60 页One-dose vs.Two-doses一针免疫还是二针免疫n Products initially well-receiv

27、ed,however in most cases,did not provide adequate protection in face of M.hyo field challenge.n 即使初次免疫应答良好，但大多数情况下，当面对田间野毒挑战时，还是不能提供足够的保护力。n Laboratory vs.“Real World”第53 页，本讲稿共60 页One-dose vs.Two-doses一针免疫还是二针免疫n The first“one-dose”product has had a problem with syringability and local reactions du

28、e to the Water-in-oil adjuvant used.n 早期的一针免疫疫苗，由于使用了油包水佐剂，存在通针性和局部反应的问题第54 页，本讲稿共60 页Sow Vaccination?母猪免疫？n Controversialn 有争议的话题n Dr.Kirk Clark work on loss of antibody titers in 3rd Parity sowsn 经产3次的母猪抗体滴度下降。n Decreased Sow to Pig Shedding?n 能减少母猪对仔猪的散毒吗？第55 页，本讲稿共60 页Sow Vaccination母猪免疫n If sow

29、 herd is vaccinated,especially pre-farrowing,then it is even more important to vaccinate pigs later.n 如果母猪免疫，尤其在产前免疫，仔猪则免疫更嘉推迟。第56 页，本讲稿共60 页M+Pac 安百克Convenient dosage schedule方便的剂量n 1 ml dose at 7-to-10 days of age or older.n 首免1毫升710日龄以上n Revaccinate with 1 ml dose 2 weeks after initial vaccinatio

30、n.n 在首免2周后，二免1毫升n Revaccinate with a single 1 ml dose annually.n 每年加强免疫1毫升第57 页，本讲稿共60 页M+PACTM Vaccination program(cont)Vaccination program(cont)安百克免疫程序安百克免疫程序n Vaccination schedule also can be done according to farms M.hyo situation:n 免疫程序也需根据猪场的肺炎支原体发生状况来决定。n stage of M.hyo outbreaks and time for

31、 vaccination:n 肺炎支原体爆发阶段和免疫时机 nursery/grower pre-fattener post-fattener 保育期/育成期 育肥前期 育肥后期 1wk&3wk 3wk&6wk 6wk&9wk第58 页，本讲稿共60 页M+PACTMCheck your Mycoplasma vaccine against these advantages:n Higher antibody titersn Reduced lung lesionn Less coughingn Higher cell-mediated immunityn Exclusive Emunade adjuvantn 1ml SQ/IM administration第59 页，本讲稿共60 页M+PACTM 安百克Raising the standard in Mycoplasma Vaccines提高了支原体疫苗的标准第60 页，本讲稿共60 页