中考英语常考知识点必备(共24页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考英语常考知识点必备七年级（下）Unit 1play+the+乐器play+棋类/球类speak+语言join(加入俱乐部等团体，强调成为其中的一员)take part in（参加活动，比赛等）be good at= do well in 擅长be good at doing sth.be good with sb.对好，善于应付tell stories讲故事tell sb. to do sth.tell sb. not to do sth.write-wrote-writtenshow sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.talk to(一方说一方不

2、说)talk with(两方都说)表示“也”的几个单词：also: (be动词，情态动词之后，实义动词之前)too: (用于句尾，只用于肯定句中)either: (用于否定句和疑问句中，相当于too)people本身是复数形式，集合名词，作可数名词时，意义为民族make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友on the weekendon weekendsteach sb. sth.teach sb. to do sth.(一定注意是sb.宾格形式)help的四个用法：help sb. to do sth. do sth. with sth. with doing sth.Unit

3、2时间表达法：直读法（0-30分）past（31-60分）to频率副词：alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardly evernever频率副词是一般现在时态的主要标志，除此之外还有once a week, twice a year等，一般针对频率用how often 提问。其中hardly ever/never在反义疑问句中起着虽然看不到否定not但是具有否定含义的作用，因此前否后肯。take a walk = take walkseitherorneithernorbothand 表示“大量，许多”a lot of = lots ofa great num

4、ber of=a large number ofa great many oflife的变体life 表示“生活”不可数表示“生命”可数live 是动词，表示“生活，居住” 同时也是副词，表示“现场地”（可见八年级下册第八单元第二篇短文，最后一段，I want to see him sing live.表示现场演唱）lively 是形容词，表示“活泼的”alive也是形容词，表示“活着的”Unit 3表示如何到达某地有两种表达法，这两种决不可混淆：I go to school by bus.I take a bus to school.介词短语by train/by plane/by subw

5、ay/on foot不能直接用语句中。需要动词短语把句子撑起。切记！hundred/thousand/million等“双加双不加”every day: 时间状语，表示“每天”everyday： 形容词，表示“每天的”相当于dailystop to dostop doingthink of 想起think about考虑cross :动词across:副词，前面需要加动词cross the street= go across the street两者之间： between A and B三者及以上之间： among“害怕”的用法be afraid of sth. of doing sth. t

6、o do sth.like to do/ like doingbe like: 像（He is like my father）take after:性格上相像（Mary takes after her mother.）leave的用法：leave BJ 离开北京leave for BJ 动身去北京leave 是瞬时性动词，不可用于进行时和带有时间状语的完成时态。但是，进行时态中的I am leaving.是进行表将来的情况，所以并不冲突。He has left.(正确)He has left for an hour.(错误)dream come true=achieve my dreamUni

7、t 4arrive at +小站arrive in +大站be on time准时be in time 及时强调动作 VS强调结果listen to/ hearlook for/ findlook at/ seeput on/ wearoutside/inside/upstairs/downstairs/here/ there/ home等为地点副词，在句中担任地点状语bring： 带来（单向）take: 带走（单向）fetch: 去拿过来（双向）quiet: 形容词，“安静的”quite： 副词，且是程度副词，后加形容词或副词，表示“相当地”practice doing sth. 练习做某事

8、be strict with sb.keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事to do 永远未做！remember to do/remember doingforget to do/ forget doingstop to do/ stop doingcontinue to do/ continue doinglearn to do学会做某事Unit 5kind of= a little= a bit =a little bitkind做“种类”时，可数a symbol ofbe in great danger处于极大危险之中dangerous： danger的形容词cut do

9、wn 砍伐，砍倒cut up 切碎cut off 切下（八年级下册Aron Ralston一课）be made ofbe made fromUnit 6paper作“纸”不可数， a piece of paper作试卷，报纸可数，read newspapers, hand out papersdrink作为饮料的种类时可数，would you like some drinks?表示“比赛”的几个单词race：比速度，car racematch/game: 体育比赛competition/contest： 智力比赛不定代词：some/ anyeach/everyother/another/oth

10、ers/the other/the others复合不定代词：something/anything/everything/nothing考点：默认三单定语后置to do后置表修饰not any=no(全否/部否)miss: “想念，思念”“错过”wish to dohope to do(绝不可以hope sb. to do sth.)Unit 7询问天气主要句型：Whats the weather like?Hows the weather?cook 动词“做饭”名词“厨师”cooker 名词“炊具”have trouble/problem/difficulty (in) doing sth.

11、 做某事有困难in加时间段表明一段时间之后，用于一般将来时，用how soon提问Unit 8空间介词：across from在对面=oppositein front of / in the front of花费的四种表达：spend: sb. spend 钱/时间 on sth./ in doing sth.cost: sth. cost sb. 钱/时间take: it takes sb. 钱/时间 to do sth.pay: sb. pay 钱 for sth.（上述四个单词千万注意每个动词的主语为人还是为物）show sb. around带某人四处转转go along=go down

12、沿着走free: 动词，使自由形容词，免费的，空闲的enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事Unit 9What does he look like?(询问长相)What is he like? (询问长相加性格)evening是指下午六七点钟night是指晚上八九点以后因此，good evening 是晚上好然而，good night 则是晚安little/ a littlefew/ a fewactor/ actresswaiter/waitressblond hair是金色头发，没有yellow hair的说法，要注意describe 动词，描述，名词形式为descriptionin

13、the end=at last= finallyUnit 10would like to do =want to do =feel like doing 想要做某事travel around the world 环游世界blow out the candles吹灭蜡烛popular：形容词，受欢迎的名词形式：popularity与此相关名词，population 人口（population只可以用large/small形容，绝不可用many/few来形容）因此询问人口多少只能用：Whats the population of China?相关链接：与此相类似的，物品可用expensive/ch

14、eap来形容，但price(价格)只能用high/low来形容。The price of the computer is high/low.Unit 11feed(喂养)feed on 靠为生（Pandas feed on bamboo.）pick up捡起，接电话pick out挑选worry about=be worried abouttour guide导游all in all/in a word 总之，一句话be interested in (doing ) sth.hear from sb. 收到某人的来信hear of sb. 听说过某人see sb. do sth./see sb

15、. doing sth,hear sb. do sth./ hear sb. doing sth.Unit 12lake 湖泊river 河流sheep/deer/fish/Chinese/ Japanese单复数同形单词nature名词，自然natural形容词，自然的stay up late熬夜到很晚stay at home 呆在家里shout at/shout topoint at/point tolaigh at(at带有情绪性，是贬义的含义)high/wide/close/hard等词本身可做形容词和副词，加ly构成一个新的副词，有新的含义（需要注意，如果需要，参照笔记。）put u

16、p张贴，搭建put off推迟=delayput out把（火）扑灭put on穿上put up with=stand=bear忍受八年级（上）Unit 1chicken作鸡肉不可数作小鸡可数hen是母鸡cock是公鸡boring修饰物bored修饰人keep a diary写日记decide to do =make a decision to do决定做某事try to do努力做某事try doing 尝试做没有做过的事情would like to do=want to do=feel like doing想要做某事wonder=want to knowwait for sb./sth.等

17、待enough+名词形容词/副词+enoughUnit 2housework不可数chore可数，do choresat least至少at most至多be in good health=healthyas a result结果result in导致result from由引起although/though尽管，不可与but连用across表面穿过swim across the riverthrough内部穿过keep sth. in mind记住某事make up ones mind to do sth,下定决心做某事表示“例如”such as后面是一系列名次的列举（I like frui

18、ts, such as apples, bananas and oranges.）for example是举一个例子（Mike likes sports, for example, he likes playing basketball.）表示“转折”（从强到弱）howeverbutwhileyetmore than多于less than少于than是介词，后加doingUnit 3loudly大声地，含有贬义aloud大声地，鼓励性的as long as只要be different from=differ from（注意与difficult区分）bring out使显现出the same a

19、s与相同表示“到达”arrive at+地点get to+地点reach+地点in fact=to be honest=honestly speaking老实说，事实上set a record创了记录break a record打破记录share sth. with sb.be similar to与相类似information抽象信息，不可数message具体的，发短信，可数Unit 4sit down=be seated= take/have a seat请坐注意个别词本身既可作形容词也可作副词，加-ly之后构成新的副词，意义完全不同如：high/highlywide/widelyclos

20、e/closelyhard/hardly(如有疑问，参见笔记)so far现在完成时典型时间状语serve动词，服务，饭店里“提供”的意思service名词，服务servant名词，服务员have sth. in common有共同之处have nothing in common没有共同之处all kinds of=different kinds of各种各样的，不同种类的be up to作“是的职责”作“由决定”时，=depend onplay a role in doing sth.=play a part in doing sth.在某方面发挥作用make up化妆，编造Unit 5ho

21、pe to do希望做某事find out找出，与find相比，是经过一定努力的discuss with sb. have a discussion with sbexpect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事mean动词，意思(mean to do打算做某事 mean doing计划做某事)meaning名词，意思meaningful形容词，有意义的meaningless形容词，无意义的be rich in富含（Apples are rich in vitamin C.苹果富含维C）film 名词，电影，胶卷dress up乔装打扮（和make up 比起来，注重全身）take o

22、nes place代替=replace sb.do a good job!=good job!=well doneUnit 6be sure about=make sure that确保medicine名词，药medical形容词，医药的send sb. ath.=send sth, to sb.be able to do能够做某事be unable to do sth,不能做某事promise to do sth.承诺做某事at the beginning of在开始at the end of在的末尾improve提升improvement名词，提升have to do with sth.与

23、有关have nothing with sth.与无关take up doing sth.开始着手做agree with sb. about sth.Unit 7pollute 动词，污染pollution 名词，污染predict 动词，预言prediction 名词，预言on earth 究竟peace名词，和平peaceful形容词，和平的be in great danger(danger 是名词，危险地)dangerous形容词，危险的over and over again反复地shape外形，形状fall down跌倒fall asleep睡着了fall in love with爱上

24、possible形容词，可能的possibility名词，可能性Unit 8shake hands握手turn onturn offturn upturn downaddto把加到上in the end=at last=finallydig a hole挖一个洞mix up混合sth. be full of =sth. be filled with充满了temperature名词，温度take ones temperature量体温Unit 9prepare for为准备=make a preparation for sth.available可用的，可获得的（May I speak to M

25、ary?Sorry, she is not available now.）notuntil直到才hang out闲逛invite sb to do邀请某人去refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事look after=take care ofbe looking forward to doing sth.期盼做某事hear from sb.收到某人的来信in the daytime在白天Unit 10organize动词，组织organizer名词，组织者organization 名词，组织keep sth. to oneself保守秘密careful仔细的careless粗心的advis

26、e sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事experience 名词，经验（不可数） 经历，不可数else常跟在特殊疑问词之后，用于表示“还有吗？”八年级（下）Unit 1Whats the matter with sb?Whats wrong with sb.?take breaks=have a resthurt-hurt-hurtbandage onesel某人自己包扎sick 生病的（He is sick./ He is a sick boy.）ill 生病的（He is ill.）breathe动词，呼吸breath 名词，呼吸breathe=take breathused to

27、 do过去常常做某事be used to doing习惯做某事be used to do被用来做某事take risks冒险at the risk of冒着的危险run out用光，用尽=use up(和run out of区分开，I have run out of/used up my money.My money has run out.)be in control of负责，掌管give up doing sth.放弃做某事Unit 2give out=hand out分发give in=hand in 上交come up with=think up想出put off推迟=delaylo

28、nely孤独的alone独自的（I live alone but not lonely.）a feeling of一种的感觉joy 愉悦joyful形容词，愉悦的raise money筹钱fix up=repair=mend修理give away赠送broken 破损的（一般情况下，“我的手表坏了”不能说My watch is broken.而是My watch doesnt work.）wheelchair轮椅set up=establish建立make a difference起作用Unit 3be in a mess=messy混乱的throw away扔掉all the time一直，

29、总是borrow sth. from sb.(借入)lend sth. to sb.（借出）as soon as一就(可以像if一样引导条件状语从句，主将从现)when和while都可以引导时间状语从句，when后面既可以加瞬时性（一般过去式）也可以加延续性动词（过去进行时），而while只能加延续性动词（过去进行时）。its a waste of浪费关于“提供”provide sb. with sth.provide sth. for sb.offer sb sth.offer sth. to sb.depend动词，依靠dependent形容词，依靠的（independent形容词，独立的

30、）dependence名词，依靠（independence名词，独立性）fair 形容词，公平的unfair 形容词，不公平Unit 4allow sb. to do sth.sb. be allowed to so sth.look through浏览its not a big deal.没什么事儿work out锻炼，计算出get on with=get along with与相处的argue with ab. about sth.nervous=be stressed outproper形容词 合适的not any more=no morenot any longer=no longer

31、in my opinion在我看来skill技巧，技能skillful形容词，技能的cut out删除=deletecontinue to do继续去做某事（另外一件事）continue doing继续做某事（继续做刚才做的事情）compare A with B把A和B比compare A to B 把A比作Bbe crazy about对疯狂as usual像往常一样Unit 5My alarm clock didnt go off.(闹钟发出声响)begin to do=begin doingmatch名词，火柴，比赛against对抗，反抗against doing sth.反对做某事d

32、ie down逐渐变弱rise-rose-risen升起raise-raised-raised举起make ones way前往be in silence=silentto tell you the truth=to be honest老实说Unit 6reminf sb. of sth.提醒某人某事a little=a bit=a little bit=kind ofinstead of代替，而不是（I like apples instead of bananas./ I did my homework instead of watching TV.）turninto把变成hide-hid-

33、hiddenhide and seek捉迷藏once upon a time(一定用过去时态)fit=suit适合marry sb.和某人结婚（I have been/got married for 5 years.）shine bright(bright是副词，不需要加-ly)lead-led-ledleader领导表示“声音”sound：万事万物的声音voice：专指人声noise：噪声brave 形容词，勇敢的bravery 名词，勇敢Unit 7feel free to do sth. 随便做某事protect 动词，保护protection名词，保护as far as I know就

34、我所知take in 吸收succeed动词，成功succeed in doing sth.成功做某事success名词，成功successful形容词，成功的successfully副词，成功地in the face of=face 面对even though=thoughweigh动词，称重weight名词，体重at birth 出生时up to到达do research on研究do sth. with excitement(兴奋地做某事)walk into 撞倒fall over绊倒or so大约huge=giant巨大的Unit 8be in a hurry匆忙的towards=to

35、朝向abroad副词，在国外，前面加动词go/study/live abroadbelong to属于（没有被动语态）record注意两种不同的发音，不同的含义（详见八年级下册P.123）Unit 9invent动词，发明invite动词，邀请（注意区分）make progress取得进步collect动词，收集collection名词，收集a couple of两个on the one hand,on the other hand一方面，另一方面all year round全年=the whole yearlocate动词，坐落于location 名词，位置Unit 10check in登记

36、入住check out登记退房clear out清理part with与分开as for至于（as for me）nowadays=at present目前between（两者之间）among（三者及以上之间）shame羞耻shameful形容词，羞耻的shameless形容词，无耻的according to根据consider doing考虑做某事close to靠近九年级（全一册）Unit 1pronounce（动词）pronunciation（名词，发音，注意与动词相比少了一个o）patient (形容词，有耐心的)（名词，病人）express(动词，表达)expression（表情，表

37、达，表达方式）the secret to（的秘诀）look up 查阅（字典，电脑等）take notes 记笔记notebook笔记本physics/maths虽以s结尾，但是单数名词memorize 动词，记忆memory 名词，记忆increase to增长到increase by 增长了be born with 天生就有be born to do 生来就是做的be able to do能够做某事have the ability to do sth.create 动词，创造creative 形容词，有创造性地creativity名词，创造力pay attention to 注意conne

38、ct A with B 把A和B联系起来overnight一夜之间Unit 2strange 形容词，奇怪的stranger 名词，陌生人relative 名词，亲戚 形容词，相对的put on 穿上put on weight 增重=gain weightlose weight 减肥steal-stole stolen 偷lay out 摆开tradition 名词，传统traditional 形容词，传统的trick or treat 不给糖就捣蛋（Halloween万圣节小孩子的用语）lie down 躺下tell lies 撒谎die(v.)-dead(adj.)-death(n.)pu

39、nish(动词，惩罚)punishment 名词 惩罚warn sb. not to do sth,警告某人不要做某事at present 目前warm(adj.温暖的)-warmth(n.温暖)Unit 3stamp 名词：邮票/动词：跺脚be in a rush 急急忙忙=be in a hurryrush hour （上下班）高峰期表示“建议”advise(动词)advice(名词，不可数)advise sb. to do sth.suggest(动词)suggestion（名词，可数）suggest sb. do sth.crowd(名词，人群)crowded(形容词，拥挤的)uncr

40、owded(形容词，不拥挤的)convenient（形容词，方便的）-convenience（名词，方便，便利）in the corner of在的拐角direct(动词，指导)-director(导演)-direction（方向）polite-impoliteUnit 4humor(名词，幽默)-humorous（形容词，幽默的）be in silence=silent表示“分数”score 名词：分数；动词；得分（足球或篮球比赛中）grademarkpointinterview： 采访interviewer:采访者interviewee：被采访者deal with=do with 处理da

41、re to do/ dare not to do敢于（不敢）做某事How dare you! 你敢！private=personal 私人的body guard保镖Britain英国-British英国的，英国人的the public公众，大众（Im afraid to speak in front of the public.）in public:在公众场合influence：影响have influence on对有影响absent:形容词，缺席的（absent-minded心不在焉的）absence：名词，缺席in person亲自（Ill do it in person.）be pro

42、ud of=take pride in为而骄傲general：名词：将军形容词：大体上的（general idea）in general:大体上，总体说来introduce:动词，介绍introduction：名词，介绍Unit5fair:名词：展览会，交易会形容词：公平的produce：动词，生产production：名词，生产/ product：名词，产品be known as作为出名be known for因而出名local当地的（范围小）native本地的，（范围比较大，本国的也可称为native，例如： native speaker）whatever=no matter whatwh

43、enever= no matter whenwherever=no matter wherewhoever= no matter whohowever= no matter how(不管怎样，不是“然而”，注意区分)avoid doing sth.避免做某事every day (用于句首，逗号隔开。或句尾)everyday=daily形容词，每日的compete 动词，竞争competitor名词，参赛者，竞争者competition名词，竞争，比赛Unit 6electric: 电的electronic： 电子的electricity：电please 动词，令满意pleased：形容词，满意的（修饰人）pleasant：形容词，令人满意的（修饰物）阅读中题目里常常提到的单词：mention：动词，提到refer：提及infer：推断by accident=by chance偶然地rule:名词，规则，规矩动词：统治ruler：名词：尺子，统治者remain:动词，保持不变，剩余remaining:形容词，剩下的