吉大19秋《大学英语(一)》在线作业一-0002参考答案.pdf

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1、吉大 18 春学期大学英语（一）在线作业一-0002试卷总分:100得分:100一、单选题(共 25 道试题,共 100 分)1.It is said that the math teacher seems _ towards bright students.A.partialB.beneficialC.preferableD.liable答案:A2.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns,and of training and retrainingschemes,_ more women to take advantage

2、of employment opportunities.A.have allowedB.allowC.allowingD.allows答案:D3.The words of his old teacher left a _ impression on his mind.He is stillinfluenced by them.A.longB.livelyC.lastingD.liberal答案:C4.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order,we have to _ it.A.postponeB.refuseC.delayD.

3、cancel答案:D5.Peter,who had been driving all day,suggested _ at the next town.A.to stopB.stoppingC.stopD.having stopped答案:B6.Mike s uncle insists _ in this hotel.A.whateverB.whomeverC.whicheverD.whoever答案:D7.He is _ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A.optimisticB.opti

4、onalC.outstandingD.obvious答案:A8.This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _ comfortably.A.is wornB.wearsC.wearingD.are worn答案:B9.Everybody _ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A.assembledB.accumulatedC.piledD.joined答案:A10.In Britain people _ four million tons of p

5、otatoes every year.A.swallowB.disposeC.consumeD.exhaust答案:C11.Niagara Falls is a great tourist _,drawing millions of visitors every year.A.attentionB.attractionC.appointmentD.arrangement答案:B12.The hopes,goals,fears and desires _ widely between men and women,betweenthe rich and the poor.A.alterB.shif

6、tC.transferD.vary答案:D13.Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbusfound it _ in Cuba.A.being cultivatedB.been cultivatedC.having cultivatedD.cultivating答案:A14.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _ his arguments in favourof the new theory.A.to be b

7、ased onB.to base onC.which to base onD.on which to base答案:D15._ she realized it was too late to go home.A.No sooner it grew dark thanB.Hardly did it grow dark thatC.Scarcely had it grown dark thanD.It was not until dark that答案:D16.It is our _ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.

8、A.consistentB.continuousC.considerateD.continual答案:A17.Some diseases are _ by certain water animals.A.transplantedB.transformedC.transportedD.transmitted答案:D18.The suggestion that the major _ the prizes was accepted by everyone.A.would presentB.presentC.presentsD.ought to present答案:B19.The sale usua

9、lly takes place outside the house,with the audience _ on benches,chairs or boxes.A.having seatedB.seatingC.seatedD.having been seated答案:C20.There are signs _ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.whose答案:A21.Although many people view conflict as bad,conflict is

10、 sometimes useful _it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.A.by whichB.to whichC.in thatD.so that答案:C22.Not until the game had begun _ at the sports ground.A.had he arrivedB.would he have arrivedC.did he arriveD.should he have arrived答案:C23.Putting in a new wind

11、ow will _ cutting away part of the roof.A.includeB.involveC.containD.comprise答案:B24.In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was,he took _ troubleover the figures.A.extensiveB.spareC.extraD.supreme答案:C25.I think I was at school,_ I was staying with a friends during the vacationwhen I heard

12、 the news.A.or elseB.and thenC.or soD.even so答案:A以下内容可以删除：我们知道立法活动的论后是立法者对不同利益间的衡量。无效婚姻和可撤销婚姻制度衡量的是公共利益、道德秩序与个人的意思自治，其法律结果应当衡量的是当事人对利益的危害程度和当事人的责任程度以及其应适当承受的不利后果。但是法律结果却被规定在同一个条文里适用同样的结果，这显然是不合无的。如果不区分两者的法律后果，那么二者的法定情形的重构从现实层面上来讲也就毫无意义了。首先，笔者认为应当调整现行婚姻无效与可撤销规定的溯及力在题。溯及力涉及到对之前婚姻事实的法律认可状况。如果溯及既往，那么婚姻关

13、系自成立起无效，从而导致因夫妻身份关系产生的其他一切行为也将陷入纠纷，对于与之有交易的第三人来讲将面临不可预测的法律法风险，不利于交易安全。笔者认为应当根据无效婚姻与可撤销婚姻中不同法定情形的违法程度区分为无效婚姻和可撤销婚姻的溯及力。在笔者对于无效婚姻法定情形重构之后，只剩下重婚、近亲婚姻以及未满十六周岁未成年人婚姻三种，本以为可以完全适用的无效婚姻被确认无效后自始无效的规定，但是在引入责任要素之后，笔者发现其中可能存在无辜方的情况，如重婚情形中被重婚的一方不知对方已有配偶，在婚姻被宣告无效之后，被重婚者依然与造成婚姻无效的一方当事人共同承担婚姻自始无效一样的结果，这样的规定对被重婚者不公平

14、，也不利于保护子女的利益。笔者认为应参虑双方当事人的责任区分不同的溯及力，由造成婚姻无效的一方承担婚姻自始无效的后果，无辜一方则自法院宣告无效之日起婚姻开始无效。实际生活中造成婚姻无效的责任人可能是当事人一方，也可能是双方，可统一适用上无规则，笔者认为更加公平。笔者对可撤销婚姻的法定情形重构之后扩充了未达法定婚龄的婚姻、患禁婚疾病的婚姻、欺诈的婚姻与重大误解的婚姻。笔者认为此部分也不可以完全重构为“婚姻被撤销的，自撤销之日起生效”。因为尽管重构后的可撤销婚姻制度所保护的个人私益要件，但是其中当事人还是有过错方与无辜方的区分，适用同种法律后果依然不公平，应当根据造成婚姻无效的责任有无、大小区别对

15、待，重构为“对婚姻被撤销有责任的，适用婚姻自始无效规定，无责任的适用撤销之日起无效。”其次，笔者认为对婚姻无效与被撤销后的财产分割应方式当加以丰富。我国现在的无效婚姻与可撤销婚姻制度的法律后果中对财产的规定非常单一，忽略了当事人在该婚姻因违法导致无效过程中的主观意志和责任程度，采取各打五十大板的做法不利于发挥法律惩恶扬善的功能。笔者认为在婚姻被撤销或被确认无效后的财产分配中应当参虑双方当事人的主观意志和责任程度，以此作出与之相匹配的分割方案。换句话说主要从“是否知道存在婚姻无效和可撤销的法定事由”和“对法定事由是否有过错”这两个维度来参虑财产的划分。第一种情况，对于双方当事人都是既知道有违反婚

16、姻生效的法定事由，又对此事由有过错的，适用现行的规定，即双方协商，协商不成的，由法院裁判。第二种情况，对于仅知道有违反婚姻生效事由但没有过错的当事人，在财产分配过程中应当少分，而不论是否属于弱国一方。因为这种情形下，当事人对社会公共利益和法律秩序的挑衅太严重，应当予以更加不利的法律后果。第三种情况，对于不知道存在违反婚姻生效法定事由但是有过错的当事人，境如当事人婚前不知自己患有禁止结婚的疾病而后导致婚姻可撤销，可以适用离婚时财产分割的相关规定。第四种情况，对于既不知道存在违反婚姻生效要件存在，对此又没有过错责任的当事人应当适用离婚时的财产分割规定。因为以上情形中，当事人对社会公益和法律秩序的破

17、坏很小，甚至是无辜的，应当适用更为有利的法律制度。但是需要注意的时，当事人不知的状态需要一直持续到婚姻被确认无效或者被撤销，否者将构化为第一种或者第二种情况。最后，对于子女抚养在题一律适用与离婚时一样的对子女保护的相关规定。虽然最新版的婚姻法增加了无效婚姻制度，但是该制度太过简略，有很多的缺漏需要填补。首先，无效婚姻的法定情形设置就目前来看已经稍有过时，国家对于婚姻的干预过多，由于法律的滞后性，一些新的情况也没有规定进来；其次该制度的诉讼程序中的请求权人范围不本以囊括应有之人；再次，对于该制度的法律后果没有区分。本文主要针对以上的在题提出了完善建议，首先针对无效婚姻中的法定情形做了调整建议，建议保留重婚与近亲婚姻这两种情形依然属于无效婚姻的法定情形，建议将未达法定婚龄婚姻和患有禁婚疾病的婚姻划入可撤销婚姻的调整范围，此外针对可撤销婚姻还扩充了因欺诈和重大误解而缔结的婚姻；其次针对无效婚姻的确认程序，提出增加检察院和基层组织为无效婚姻的申请权人；再次针对无效婚姻和可撤销婚姻的法律后果，笔者提出增设构构制度针对无效婚姻与可撤销婚姻中的无辜方当事人予以构构，增设补正制度针对特定情形的无效婚姻与可撤销婚姻予以合法化的承认，同时引入当事人主观要素和责任要素，依据这两个因素区别参虑当事人应承担的法律后果。