2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总.pdf
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1、初中英语知识点汇总初中英语知识点汇总20182018年最新版年最新版初一年级(上)【知识梳理】I.重点短语1.Sit down2.on duty3.in English4.have a seat5.at home6.look like7.look at8.have a e on10.at work11.at school12.put on13.look after14.get up15.go shoppingII.重要句型1.help sb.do sth.2.What about?3.Lets do sth.4.Its time to do sth.5.Its time for 6.Whats
2、?It is/Its7.Where is?Its.8.How old are you?Im.9.What class are you in?Im in.10.Welcome to.11.Whats plus?Its.【名师讲解】1.in/on12.I think13.Whos this?This is.14.What can you see?I can see.15.There is(are).16.Whatcolourisit(arethey)?Its(Theyre)17.Whose is this?Its.18.What time is it?Its.III.交际用语1.Good morn
3、ing,Miss/Mr.2.Hello!Hi!3.Nice to meet you.Nice to meet you,too.4.How are you?Im fine,thank you/thanks.And you?5.See you.See you later.6.Thank you!Youre welcome.7.Goodbye!Bye!8.Whats your name?My name is.9.Here you are.This way,please.10.Whos on duty today?11.Lets do.12.Let me see.IV.重要语法1.动词 be 的用法;
4、2.人称代词和物主代词的用法;3.名词的单复数和所有格的用法;4.冠词的基本用法;5.There be 句型的用法。2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第1页2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第1页在表示空间位置时,in 表示在某个空间的范围以内,on 表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:There is a bird in the tree.树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall.墙上有张图。2.this/that/these/those(1)this 常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these 是 this 的复数形式。that常
5、常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those 时 that 的复数形式。例如:You look in this box and I ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。I want this car,not that car.我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。Take these books to his room,please.请把这些书拿到他房间去。This is mine;thats yours.这个是我的,那个是你的。These are apples;those are oranges.这些是苹果,那些是橘子。(
6、2)在打电话的用语中,this 常常指的是我,that 常常指的是对方。例如:This is Mary speaking.Whos that?我是玛丽。你是谁?3.There be/haveThere be 有,其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是:There be+某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be 动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用 are。例如:(1)There is a big bottle of coke on the table.桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2)There
7、 is a doll in the box.那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3)There are many apples on the tree.那树上有许多苹果。总之,There be 结构强调的是一种客观存在的有。have 表示拥有,占有,具有,即:某人有某物(sb.have/has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:(4)I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。(5)That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。4.look/see/watch(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调
8、看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:Look!The children are playing computer games.瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look!Whats that over there?看!那边那个是什么?单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词 at,才能带宾语,如:Hes looking at me。他正在看着我。(2)see 强调“看”的结果,着重的是 look 这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see 是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:What can you see in the picture?你能在图上看到什么?Look a
9、t the blackboard.What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。4.put on/input on 意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作,后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:Its cold outside,put on your c
10、oat.外面冷,穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out.他戴上帽子,走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John 的妈妈。2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第2页2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第2页5.house/home/familyhouse:“房子”,指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:Please come to my house this afternoon.今天下午请
11、到我家来。He is not at home.他不在家。My family all get up early.我们全家都起得很早。6.fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容词表示好之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:(1)fine 指物时表示的是质量上的精细,形容人时表示的是身体健康,也 可以用来指天气晴朗。例如:Your parents are very fine.你父母身体很健康。Thats a fine machine.那是一台很好的机器 Its a fine day for a walk today.今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice 主
12、要侧重于人或物的外表,有美好,漂亮的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:Lucy looks nice.露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice.那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you.见到你很高兴。Its very nice of you.你真好。(3)good 形容人时指品德好,形容物时指质量好,是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如:Her son is a good student.她儿子是一个好学生。The red car is very good.那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well 只可用来形容人的身体好,但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多
13、放在所修饰的动词之后。例如:Im very well,thanks.我身体很好,谢谢。My friends sing well.我的朋友们歌唱得好。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在:1.动词 be 的用法;2.人称代词和物主代词的用法;3.名词的单复数和所有格的用法;4.冠词的基本用法;5.There be 句型的用法。6.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;7.本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。初一年级(下)【知识梳理】9.do ones homeworkI.重点短语10.do the shopping11.get down1.a bottle
14、of12.get home2.a little13.get to3.a lot(of)14.get up4.all day15.go shopping5.be from16.have a drink of6.be over17.have a e back18.have e from19.have lunch2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第3页2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第3页20.have supper12.Do you want a go?21.listen to13.Thats right./Thats all right./All right.22.notat
15、all14.Doyouhaveadictionary/any23.putawaydictionaries?24.take offYes,I do./No,I dont.25.throw it like that15.We/They have some CDs.26.would likeWe/They dont have any CDs.27.in the middle of the day16.-What day is it today/tomorrow?28.in the morning/afternoon/evening-Its Monday.29.on a farm17.-May I b
16、orrow your colour pens,please?30.in a factory-Certainly.Here you are.18.-Where are you from?II.重要句型-From Beijing.19.Whats your telephone number in New1.Let sb.do sth.York?2.Could sb.do sth.?20.-Do you like hot dogs?3.would like sth.-Yes,I do.(A little./A lot./Very much.)4.would like to do sth.-No,I
17、dont.(I dont like them at all.)5.What about something to eat?21.-What does your mother like?6.How do you spell?-She likes dumplings and vegetables very7.May I borrow?much.22.-When do you go to school every day?III.交际用语-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23.-What time does he go to bed in the1.Thanks v
18、ery much!evening?Youre welcome.-He goes to bed at 10:00.2.Put it/them away.3.Whats wrong?IV.重要语法4.I think so.I dont think so.5.I want to take some books to the classroom.1.人称代词的用法;6.Give me a bottle of orange juice,please.2.祈使句;Please give it/them back tomorrow.OK.3.现在进行时的构成和用法;9.Whats your favourit
19、e sport?4动词 have 的用法;10.Dont worry.5一般现在时构成和用法;11.Im(not)good at basketball.6可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法【名师讲解】1.Thats right./Thats all right./All right.Thats right 意为“对的”,表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。例如:I think we must help the old man.我想我们应该帮助这位老人。Thats right.或 Youre right.说得对。Thats all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答
20、对方的致谢或道歉。例如:Many thanks.Thats all right.Sorry.Its broken.Thats all right.All right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第4页2020年最新版人教版初中英语知识点汇总-第4页Please tell me about it.请把此事告诉我。All right.好吧。Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗2.make/do这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用。make 指做东西或制东西,do 指做一
21、件具体的事。Can you make a paper boat for me?你能为我做个纸船吗?Hes doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。3.say/speak/talk/tellsay:是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话。如:“I want to go there by bus”,he said.他说,“我要坐汽车到那里去。”Please say it in English.请用英语说。speak:“说话”,着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词(即后面不能直接接宾语)。如:Can you speak about hi
22、m?你能不能说说他的情况?I don t like to speak likethis.我不喜欢这样说话。speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如:She speaks English well.她英语说得好。talk:与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的动作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用作不及物动词,不过,talk 暗示话是对某人说的,有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话。如:I would like to talk to him about it.我想跟他谈那件事。Old women like to talk withchildren
23、.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。tell:“告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后面总接双宾语。如:Hes telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。tell a lie 撒谎tell sb.to do sth./tell sb.not to do sth如:.Miss Zhao often tells us to studyhard.4.do cooking/do the cookingdo cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some,much 修饰。从 do some cookin
24、g 可引出许多类似的短语:do some washing 洗些衣服 do some shopping 买些东西 do some reading 读书 dosome writing 写些东西 do some fishing 钓鱼从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some,much 或定冠词。go shopping 去买东西 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go swimming 去游泳5.like doing sth./like to do sth.like doing sth.与 like to do sth.意思相同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动
25、作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如:He likes playing football,but he doesnt like to play football with Li Ming.他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。6.other/others/the other/anotherother 表其余的,别的,如:Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?others 别的人,别的东西.如:In the room some people are American,the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是
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