2012届高考一轮复习英语语法专项十八：冠 词.pdf

《2012届高考一轮复习英语语法专项十八：冠 词.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2012届高考一轮复习英语语法专项十八：冠 词.pdf（9页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、20122012 届高考一轮复习语法专项十八：冠届高考一轮复习语法专项十八：冠 词词（一）考纲要求（一）考纲要求考纲规定，冠词考查基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词，不定冠词a 与 an 的区别；不用冠词的情况；习语中的冠词；特指与泛指等。（二）命题导向（二）命题导向冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。（三）基本用法（三）基本用法当代语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。冠词是一种虚词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词（或名词化的

2、形容词分词）前面，说明其所指的人或物。1 1、定冠词的基本用法：、定冠词的基本用法：表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book.TheThe book is very useful.用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Close thethe window,please.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun,the moon,the earth,the world等。用于表示方位的名词之前。如：the east,the right.用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：the first,the tallest.用于形容词之前，使其名词化。如：t

3、he sick,the wounded.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the United States,the United Nation.用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如：the Changjiang River,the East Lake.用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如：The Smiths 用于乐器的名词前。如：play thethe piano;play thethe violin.发明物。如：The compass was invented in China.年代名词前。如：He lived in the countryside in

4、the 1970s.固定词组中。如：in the morning(afternoon,evening),on the other hand,at the sametime2 2、不定冠词的基本用法：、不定冠词的基本用法：第 1 页 共 9 页 泛指一个。如：There is a a book on the table.指人或事物的某一种类。如：His father is a a driver.Longjing is a a wonderful tea.指某一个人或事物，但不具体说明。如：My sister was saved bya a PLA man in the fire.用于某一些表示重

5、量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。如：We have meals three timesa day.（我们一天吃三餐。）表示同样的。如：They are of anan age.（他们是同岁。）表数量，相当于 one,但语意较弱。如：There is a a pen and two books on the desk.使抽象名词具体化。如：The little girl isa a help to her mother.（a hand 译帮手）固定搭配。如：as a a matter of fact,in a a hurry,ina a word3 3、不用冠词的情况：、不用冠词的情况：表

6、示总称的复数名词之前。如：Children love cartoonscartoons.（儿童喜欢卡通影片。）不含普通名词的专有名词前。如：We are studyingEnglishEnglish.名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如：I like this picturethis picture;I do not have any moneyany money;As time went on,Einsteins theoryEinsteins theory proved to be correct.季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。如：She likes spr

7、ingspring most.呼语前不用冠词。如：What shall I do next,MotherMother?三餐饭前不用冠词。如：What did you have forlunchlunch?节假日前不用冠词。如：People give gifts to each other onChristmas Day.Christmas Day.球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如：She is fond of playingbasketball.basketball.在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如：arm in arm（手挽手）;hand in hand（手牵手）;side by sid

8、e（肩对肩）;day and day（日日夜夜）;young and old（老老少少）;from doorto door（挨门挨户）;from beginning to end（从头到尾）;from morning till night（从早到晚）等。练习（一）练习（一）、冠、冠词词1.In America,_ car is _ popular means of transportation（交通设施）.A.the,theB.a,theC.the,/D.the,a2.-What happened?A.a,a-They left in such _ hurry that they forgot

9、 to lock _ door.C./,theD./,aB.a,the3.There were two small rooms in the house,_ smaller of which served as _ kitchen.第 2 页 共 9 页A.a,theB.the,aC.the,theD.a,a4.I ordered _ book some time ago._ book has arrived.A.a,TheB.the,AC.a,AD./,The5.Mr Smith is _ European and his wife is _ American.A.an,anB.a,aC.a

10、,anD.an,a6.Lesson 10 is _ most difficult lesson,but it isnt _ most difficult lesson in Book One.A.a,aB.a,theC.the,theD.the,aC.theD.7.My sister works in a factory.She goes home once _ month.A.aB.anevery8.He was absent because he had caught _.A.heavy a coldB.the heavy coldC.a heavy coldD.heavy coldA.T

11、he,aB.A,aC./,/9._ water is _ liquid.D./,a10.In winter _ people often hang up wet clothes near _ fire.A./,/B.a,aC./,aD.the,a11.He has tried twice,and the captain asks him to have _ third try.A.aB.theC.anotherD.other12.He was a top student in the class,he often got _ in English.A.firstB.a firstC.secon

12、dA.The,theD.the secondC.The,anD./,a13._ horse is _ useful animal.14.Tom left Shanghai in _.A.the summer 1995B.The,aB.summer 1995C.1995 the summerA.The,theD.the summer of 1995D./,15._ children here live _ most happy life.the16.The soldier died during _ World War I.17.In _ Marx began to learn Russian.

13、A.a 1870B.1870sB.The,aC.The,/A.theB.the firstC./D.aC.the year of 1870B.the tallD.the 1870sC.more tallD.the taller18.Alice is _ of the two girls.19.-Can your sister play _?A.taller-No,but she can play _.C.the tennis,pianoD.tennis,the pianoA.the tennis,the piano B.tennis,piano20.The introduction is al

14、ways in _ of a book.第 3 页 共 9 页A.frontB.the frontC.a frontD.instead21.She touched her daughter gently _ shoulder.A.in herB.on herC.in theD.on the22.Both _ wounded and _ sick were sent to safety.A./,/B.the,theC./,theD.the,/23._ doctors and _ nurses should care for their patients.A.The,theB./,/C.The,/

15、D./,theB.theC.anD./24.Tell us the story as _ Mother told you.A.a25.Do you know how long _ has lived on the earth?A.manB.the manC.a manD.men26.The man was once thrown into _ prison for robbing the bank.A.aB.anC.theD./27._ Mount Tai is in the east of China.A.AB.TheC./D.That28.I like _ history.I am stu

16、dying _ history of China.A.the,/B./,theC.a,/D./,aC.in aD.use a29.He wrote a letter _ pencil.A.withB.in30.On October 1,the Chinese people celebrated _ with new achievements and victories.A.National DayB.the National DayC.our National DayD.a National Day第 4 页 共 9 页练习（二）练习（二）、冠、冠词词1.-You mean you know

17、the man?A.otherB.the-I know_ man exactly like him.C./D.a2.Wouldnt it be_ wonderful world if all nations live in _peace with one another?A.a,/B.the,/C.a,theD.the,the3.-I hear that as many as 1,500 people were killed in the earthquake.-Yes,_ news came as _ shock to us.A.a,aB.the,aC./,/D./,a4.At midnig

18、ht they reached _ small village _ east of _ EverwhiteMountain.A.a,/,theB.a,/,/C.the,the,theD.the,an,an5.Nanjing lies on _ Changjiang River and has _ population of more than fourmillion.A.the,theB.the,/C.the,aD./,a6.Bill Clinton took _ office on January 20th,1993 and left _ office on January20th,2001

19、.A./,/B.his,hisC.the,theD.an,his7.We learn to go all out to work for _ good of _ society.A.the,/B./,/C./,aD.the,the8.Paris is _ most beautiful city,where you can see _ famous Eiffel Tower.A.a,theB.a,/C.the,aD.the,the9.-What about _ bike?-Do you think it all right to buy him _ bike as _ birthdayprese

20、nt?A.the,the,theB.a,the,aC.the,a,theD.the,the,a10.He had decided to give it up,but on _ second thoughts he decided to try _ third time.A.the,aB./,/C.a,aD./,a11.Towards _ morning,_ heavy rain began to fall.A.the,aB.a,aC.the,/D.the,/12.-Excuse me,where are _ books for biology?第 5 页 共 9 页-Follow me.The

21、y re on this shelf.Do you want _ new or used book?A.a,aB.a,theC.the,aD.the,the13.Young as he is,David has gained _ rich experience in _ society.A./,/B.the,theC.a,/D./,the14.-My son is lost.Did you see a boy passing by?-I saw _ boy hidden behind _ tree over there.You may go and have a look.A.a,aB.the

22、,theC.a,theD.the,a15.Mary climbed to the top of the mountain in _ hurry,looked down and found in _surprise that _ whole town took on a new look.A.a,the,theB.a,/,theC./,/,theD./,/,a16.In _ old society many young women died by so curious and cruel _ custom.A.an,aB./,theC.the,aD.the,/17.-You re sure to

23、 help me find _ bed for my new house?-Sure,but not now.Im heading for _ bed and a good sleep.A.a,aB.the,aC.a,/D.the,/18.The wheel is thought to be _ first invention of _ transportation.A.the,theB.a,aC.a,/D.the,/19.Some people say that _ British are _ funny people.A.the,aB./,theC./,/D.the,/20.Don t w

24、orry about _ mistakes.They re _ natural part of learning.A./,aB.the,/C./,theD.the,the21.-Selma looks especially pretty tonight.-Yes,she always looks her best in _ of thatkind.A.the dressB.a dressC.dressD.the dresses22.-_did you think of the exhibition?-Oh,it was _ success.D.What,quite aA.How,really

25、aB.What,greatC.How,/23.The child had only _ slight temperature,but the doctor regarded _ illness as seriousenough for _ hospital treatment.A./,/,theB.a,/,/C.a,the,/D./,the,the第 6 页 共 9 页24.-Did you have _ wonderful time yesterday?-Yes.I was on _ top of _world.A./,the,aB.a,/,theC.a,a,theD.a,the,the25

26、.I don t usually have _ breakfast,but I always eat _ good lunch.A./,/B./,aC.the,/D./,the26.-I hear therell be _ talk on English study tomorrow morning.-Do you mean _ speech our teacher asked us to listen to?A.a,theB.the,aC.the,theD.a,a27.Mr.Stock runs _ small business,who is in _ Mexico on business.

27、A.a,aB./,/C.a,theD.a,/28.Although _ motor car has been with us for almost a century,I have never been able todrive_ American one.A.a,theB.a,/C.the,anD.the,the29.Xian was _ starting point of _ world-famous Silk Road.A./,/B.a,aC.the,/D.the,the30.-What does on _one handon _other means?-What_great fun!Y

28、oure asking me such a simple question.A.the,the,/B.the,the,aC./,the,aD./,the,/31.Alexander Gramha Bell invented _telephone in 1876.(MET1991)A./;B.aC.theD.one32.After watching _TV,she played _violin for an hour.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the33.-Wheres jack?_bathroom.A./;/-I think hes still _in bed,but

29、he might just be inB.the;theC.the;/D./;the34.Many people are still in _habit of writing silly things in _public places.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the35.She is _newcomer to _chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D.a;the第 7 页 共 9 页36.Wouldnt it be _wonderful

30、world if all nations lived in _peace with one another?A.a;/B.the;/C.a;theD.the;the37.Many people agree that _knowledge of English is a must in _international trade today.A.a;/B.the;anC.the;theD./;the38.Paper money was in _use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _thirteenthcentury.A.the;/

31、B.the;theC./;theD./;/39.It is not true in _that people in _fifties are going to university for further education.A.90s;theirB.the 90s;/C.90s;/D.the 90s;their40.Most animals have little connection with _animals of _different kind unless they killthem for food.A.the;aB./;aC.the;theD./;the41.-Have you

32、seen _pen?I left it here this morning.-Is it _black one?I think I saw it somewhere.(NMET1997 7)A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a42.Summers in _ south of France are for _most part dry and sunny.A./;aB.the;/C./;/D.the;the43.I dont like talking on _ telephone;I prefer writing _letters.A.a;theB.the;不填C.the;t

33、heD.was killing44.Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _exciting experience.(NMET2002,26)A./;theB./;anC.an;anD.the;the45.-I dont like_New York at all.A.the,the冠冠 词词B./,the-But this isnt_ New York you remember.C.the,/D./,a练习一、练习一、15 DBBAC 610 BACDC 1115 ABBDB 1620 CDDDB 2125 DBBDA15 DBBAC 610 BACDC 1115 ABBDB 1620 CDDDB 2125 DBBDA2630 DCBBA2630 DCBBA练习二、练习二、15 DABAC 610 AAADD 1115 ACACB 1620 CCDAA 2125 BDCBB15 DABAC 610 AAADD 1115 ACACB 1620 CCDAA 2125 BDCBB2630 ADCDD 3135 CDDCC 3640 AACDB 4145 DDBCB2630 ADCDD 3135 CDDCC 3640 AACDB 4145 DDBCB第 8 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页