2019北京市中考英语真题(含答案).docx

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1、年寒窗苦读日，只盼金榜题名时，祝你考试拿高分，鲤鱼跳龙门！加油！2019北京市中考英语真题及答案一、单项填空从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see .A. herB. himC. itD. them【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：王老师要来我们学校了，我迫不及待要看到他。her她，人称代词宾格；him他，人称代词宾格；it它；them他们，人称代词宾格。根据句意可知，这个空代指的是Mr. Wang，是男性，故应选B。2.We planted some f

2、lowers the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：昨天我们在花园里种植了一些花。on在上面；to到；in在里面；of的。根据句意和常识可知，花应该种在花园里，故应选C。3. Excuse me, .is this T-shirt? Its 88 yuan.A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：-打扰一下，这件T恤衫多少钱？-88元。how much多少钱，提问价格；多少，提问数量，修饰不可数名词；how many多少，提问数量，修饰可数名

3、词；how long多长时间；how old多大，提问年龄。根据下面的回答Its 88 yuan可知，这里问的是T恤衫的价格，故应选A。4. Lily, _ you finish the letter in ten minutes? Yes, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：-Lily，你可以在十分钟之后完成这封信吗？-是的，我能。must必须；should应该；need需要；can能，可以。根据下面的回答Yes, I can可知，一般疑问句也应用can，故选D。5.This cap is nice, it doesnt l

4、ook good on me.A. forB. soC. butD. or【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。for为了，因为；so因此；but但是；or或者，否则。根据句意，空前is nice，空后是doesnt look nice，前后是转折的关系，故应选C。6.Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：Julie把

5、家里的狗照顾得很好，她比她的弟弟更有耐心。patient耐心的，形容词；more patient更有耐心的；most patient最有耐心的；the most patient最有耐心的，最高级。根据句意和空后的than可知，这里应用形容词的比较级，故选B。7.Sam with his friends every weekend.A. skatesB. is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：Sam每个周末和他的朋友们去滑冰。skates滑冰，动词的第三人称单数形式；is skating现在进行时；has skated现在完成时

6、；was skating过去进行时。根据句意和句中every weekend可知，这里表达经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语Sam是第三人称单数，故应选A。8. Tom, whats your dad doing? He my bike.A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：-Tom，你的爸爸在做什么？-他正在修理我的自行车。repairs修理，第三人称单数形式；will repair一般将来时；has repaired现在完成时；is repairing现在进行时。根据问题whats you

7、r dad doing使用的是现在进行时，答语中也应用现在进行时，故应选D。9.Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now,A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：自从2017年我们的学校生活变化了很多，我们现在有更多的活动。changes改变，第三人称单数形式；changed是过去式；will change一般将来时；has changed现在完成时。根据句意和句中的时间状语since 2017可知，该句表示过去的动作对现在的

8、影响，应用现在完成时，故选D。10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果你想要参观故宫博物院，我明天将会给你订票。will book一般将来时；booked一般过去时；have booked现在完成时；was booking过去进行时。句中If引导的是条件状语从句，从句中使用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，故应选A。11.My advice on how to sa

9、ve paper by my class last Monday.A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。accepts接受，第三人称单数形式；accepted过去式；was accepted一般过去时的被动语态；is accepted一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语My advice与动词accept构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故先排除A和B；根据句中的时间状语last Monday可知，应用一般过去时，故选C。12. Did you no

10、tice . in her office? Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doingB. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin doD. what Miss Lin does【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：-你注意林小姐在干什么了吗？-是的，她正在检查我们的写作。what was Miss Lin doing林小姐在干什么，疑问语序；what Miss Lin was doing陈述语序；what does Miss Lin do林小姐是干什么的；what M

11、iss Lin does陈述语序。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，故先排除A和C。根据答语She was going over our writing可知，这里问的是过去正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，故选B。二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaki

12、ng in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was _13_that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt _14_ but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my poste

13、rs in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was _15_prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response (反应) wasnt w

14、hat I had _16_. Few people actually listened. When it was my opponents (对手的)turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would _17_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was ov

15、er. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.My _18_ was right: I didnt win.The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended (假装) not to hear. But later, things got better. People _19_about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I dont regret

16、 putting time and energy into the election because Ive learned that things arent always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build _20_ since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. boredB. afraidC. excitedD. hopeful14. A. compareB. rememberC. manageD. r

17、epeat15. A. fullyB. quicklyC. freshlyD. physically16. A. fearedB. facedC. mentionedD. pictured17. A. insistB. returnC. waitD. win18. A. suggestionB. predictionC. directionD. introduction19. A. forgotB. wroteC. caredD. discussed20. A. trustB. prideC. characterD. support【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. D 17.

18、 D 18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者记叙了两个月前他参加竞选班长的经历，他为了这个竞选做了充分的准备，以为胜券在握，但事实并非如此，他的竞争对手最后赢得了竞选。通过这件事作者学到了很多，他并不后悔为此付出的精力和时间，经历失败会让他变得更加坚强。【13题详解】句意：但是我害怕如果我输了，人们会为我难过。考查形容词辨析，bored感到无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的。根据上句话I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it

19、easy to win.和句中that people would feel bad for me if I lost.可知，作者自己感觉没什么，但是“害怕人们会为他难过”，故应选B。【14题详解】句意：我的计划不是承诺去做我无法做到的事情，而是向全班展示我为什么想要成为班长。考查动词辨析，compare对比；remember记得，记住；manage设法做到，管理；repeat重复。根据句意My plan wasnt to make promises to do things可知，作者不承诺去做自己做不到的事情，故应选C。15题详解】句意：既然我做了充分的准备，我感觉我获胜的机会非常大。考查副词

20、辨析，fully充分地；quickly快速地；freshly新近，气味清新地；physically身体上地。根据上文I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem可知，作者为竞选做了充分的准备。故应选A。【16题详解】句意：然而，当我在选举日那天做演讲时候，得到的回应与我想象的不同。考查动词辨析，fear

21、ed畏惧，害怕；faced面对；mentioned提到，提及；pictured想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的。故应选D。【17题详解】句意：谁会赢是很明显的。考查动词辨析，insist坚持；return归还，回来；wait等待；win赢。根据文意和下文My _6_ was right: I didnt win.可知，作者在参加一个班长的竞选，因此这里应表示“赢得竞选”，故应选D。【18题详解】句意：我的预测是对的：我没有赢。考查名词辨析，suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍。根据上文It was obvio

22、us who would _5_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.可知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是对的”，选B。【19题详解】句意：人们忘记了选举的事，像以前一样和我说话。考查动词辨析，forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心，在乎；discussed讨论。根据语境But later, things got better. and talked to me just as the

23、y did before.可知，后来人们就慢慢忘记了竞选的事，又和以前一样了。故应选A。【20题详解】句意：像这样的失败的时刻会塑造性格从那以后，我学会了面对失望，变得更加坚强。考查名词辨析。trust相信，信任；pride骄傲；character性格；support支持。根据空后since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.可知，经历失败，作者变得更加坚强，所以失败的经历能塑造性格。故应选C。【点睛】这是一篇记叙文，短文作者记叙了自己参加竞选班长的经历，短文按照时间顺序记叙，叙述清晰、完整，最后点明了自己从这

24、次经历中学到的东西。内容贴近学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是完形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后根据上下文语境做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中每个单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第4小题，考查动词辨析，feared畏惧，害怕；faced面对；mentioned提到，提及；pictured想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的。故应选D。这个题目学生们要特别注意picture这个词作动词的意思，因为学生们对这个词主要记住的是名词的意思。再如第6小题，考查名词辨

25、析，suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍。根据上文It was obvious who would _5_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.可知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是对的”，选B。三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。AExperiencing ChinaMik

26、e, CanadaI spent three months with my host family(接待家庭) in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culturefrom basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture.

27、Joanna, AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her helpmy Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her.Bill, Amer

28、icaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just like memy host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.Cindy, GermanyRecently I took part in a program

29、 to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed between us.21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A. Mike.B. Joanna.C

30、. Bill.D. Cindy.22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?A. Three months.B. Four months.C. Five months.D. Six months.23. Cindy thinks her host sister is .A. a wonderful cookB. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacherD. a hardworking student【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D【解析】随着中国在世界上影响力的

31、提高，越来越多的外国学生来到中国学习。短文中的这几名学生就来自不同的国家，但他们都有在中国学习的经历。在文中他们讲述了自己对这次经历的感受。【21题详解】细节理解题。由题干中a traditional Chinese medicine hospital可定位至短文第一段中I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital.这句话，再找到文章的开头Mike Canada可知，Mike参观了著名了中医医院。故应选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的人名Joanna可定位到短文第二段，根据第一句话I stayed with

32、 my host family for five months.可知，她和她的寄宿家庭一起待了五个月。故应选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的人名Cindy可定位到短文第四段，根据I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student.可知，Cindy觉得寄宿姐姐是一个非常用功的学生。由此可知应选D。BBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she t

33、hought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.“Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.”A week later Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad looked ov

34、er her work, thinking. “Well, thats interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as youve designed.”Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.After she did

35、 that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.”“Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.”“When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,” she said. “I think its because of the lightning bolt (闪电) shape.”“Very good!” Dad said.“So, why didnt you tell

36、 me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked.Dad laughed. “Wheres the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, hell eat for a lifetime.”Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !”Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens

37、during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasnt worried about whether she would winin

38、 her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to .A. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research25. What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A. To have a test drive.B. To take

39、a good rest.C. To give it a cool name.D. To paint it light blue.26. Sallys story mainly tells us that .A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the process【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D【解析】【分析】Sally非常喜欢汽车，她想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛，并向爸

40、爸求助。经过三个周末的努力，Sally的卡丁车做好了，爸爸让她先去试一试。经过试驾，Sally发现卡丁车还存在一些问题，她问爸爸为什么之前不告诉她，爸爸说有时候我们就是通过犯错来学习的。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race.可知，Sally想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛。由此可知应选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据短文第四段Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her desig

41、n into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.可知，Sally把卡丁车做好后，给爸爸看，爸爸让她先去试驾一下。由此可知应选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文意和短文倒数第三段的内容Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a fe

42、w times first and making mistakes along the way.”可知，短文通过讲述Sally制作卡丁车参加比赛的过程，告诉我们，有时候学习就是在过程中发生的。故D选项最符合文意。【点睛】这篇短文通过讲述Sally制作卡丁车参加比赛的过程，告诉我们在做事情的过程中学习把事情做好这个道理。文章篇幅较长，但句式结构简单，叙述清晰，内容也比较贴近日常生活，比较容易理解。阅读理解是中考英语的经典题型，主要考查以下几个方面的能力：1. 掌握文章的主旨大意；2.理解文章事实和细节；3.根据上下文猜测生词词义；4.理解文章上下文逻辑关系，做合理的推测和判断；5.领会作者的写作

43、目的、观点和态度。题型设置常有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。做题时，先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问，锁定文章相关段落或语句，或利用文章信息进行推测和判断。细节题相对较简单，可以根据题干所问，锁定文章相关信息作答。如第2小题，根据题干所问锁定文章第四段，根据Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive.

44、 Sally agreed.可知选A。CSometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological (心理学的) processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law

45、 of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when were exposed(接触) to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in the slower time seems to pass

46、.It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more

47、and more familiar(熟悉的). We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand (增加) our