新教材2021-2022外研版英语选择性必修第一册全册检测含解析.pdf

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1、Unitl 课下题型练(一)Starting out&Understanding ideasi.阅读理解AYou probably laugh at something you find funny,but how much do you really knowabout jokes and humour?Reader s Digest(RD)questioned several experts to give us somefacts about them.RD：Whats the oldest joke in the world?“We can*t know the oldest joke

2、 in the world because it would have existed earlier thanwriting,“says Christie Davies,professor of sociology at the University of Reading in theUK.The oldest joke book that*s been found so far is the Greek PhilogelosAt dates from the19th century AD,although the jokes date from an earlier time.Accord

3、ing to the psychologistSteve Wilson,director of National Humour Month(April in the US),it contains 265 jokes.RD：Do some people fail to develop a sense of humour?Rod Martin,professor of psychology at the Western University in Canada,believes thatwhile everyone is born without a sense of humoui;as we

4、develop,humour and laughterbegin to appear.uOf course,some children are more serious,quiet and less likely to laughfrequently,but this doesn11 mean they dont have a sense of humour.”And according toSteve Wilson,there are no adults who dont have a sense of humour.Almost everyone isable to develop a s

5、ense of humour,and I teach people how,“he says.RDi Do people share a sense of humour unique to their own nation?Sense of humour does differ a lot by country,according to an author named ScottWeems.British humour is thought to be absurd(荒谬的)in nature,while American humourhas an aggressive quality.Acc

6、ording to a study,Germans are found to find everything funny.语篇解画 宋三至二面荷兔调查。R eade/s。3 或(RD)采 访 了 一 有 豪：鬲 靛 下 瓦 默而一些问题，并记录了专家们的观点。1.What do we know about the oldest joke book?A.It remains unknown.B.It was written in Greek.C.It was found in the UK.D.It contains the oldest joke.解析:选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The

7、oldest joke book thats been found so faris the Greek Philogelos.可 知,世界上第一本笑话类书籍是希腊的Philogelos,因此推断这本书是用希腊语写的。2.What does Rod Martin agree with about people*s sense of humour?A.Nobody is born with a sense of humour.B.Some adults lose it when they grow up.C.Childhood is the best time to develop such a

8、n ability.D.Children have a poorer sense of humour than adults.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Rod Martin,professor of psychology atthe Western University in Canada,believes that while everyone is born without a sense ofhumour可知，Rod Martin认为人们出生的时候是没有幽默感的，幽默感是随着成长而逐渐形成的。3.What kind of humour has an aggressive

9、 f eature?A.British humour.B.German humour.C.Canadian humour.D.American humour.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，美国式鳍默很有攻击性。4.Where can you probably find the text?A.In a popular magazine.B.In a research paper.C.In a personal diary.D.In a textbook.解析：选 A 文章出处题。根据第一段内容可知，本文是一则问卷调查。Readers Digest采访了一些专家、询问关于幽

10、默的一些问题，并作了记录，所以本文可能来自一本广受欢迎的杂志。BWe all know that friends are special people whom we share our lives with,and whoshare their lives with us in return.But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going arenever easy.According to a research recently published in the Journal of Social and PersonalRelat

11、ionships,the key is to use wetalk”.Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robbins and her colleagues,theresearchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5,000participants.This largest-ever analysis of wetalk”suggested that the frequent use of“weand“us”is linked to ha

12、ppier and healthier relationships.The word we moves people from an individual position into a partnership,whichmakes us more interdependent.The pronouns offer an insight into whether people seethemselves as individuals or as part of a whole.Word use is a window into what people arethinking and feeli

13、ng without asking them,“Robbins told Science Daily.Their research also found that wetalk“is helpful in resolving conflicts.Theprimary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive andrelationship-centered behaviors and positive perceptions（看法）of the partner especiallyimportant in times of

14、 stress and conflict,“said study author Alexander Karan.US-based magazine Psychology Today used the word“union“to describe the impact ona partner upon hearing wetalk”Contrary to we-talk”,there is Ltalk”,which refers to the frequent use offirst-person singular pronouns,such as I，“me，and“mine，when wri

15、ting orspeaking.Earlier this year,researchers from the University of Arizona,US,analyzed a set of datathat came from 4,700 people in Germany and the US.They found that to。much isan accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed orexperiencing negative emotions.“If you

16、 are speaking in a personal context so you*re speaking about somethingthat*s of relevance to you,“lead researcher Allison Tackman told The I dependent.But ifyou re communicating in a context that*s more impersonal,such as describing a picture,wedid not see the relationship emerge.”As you can see fro

17、m the two studies,too much I-talk”can make you feeldepressed.But wetalk can encourage you to become more positive and create a rippleeffect（连锁反应）of healthy interdependence with others.So next time you*re talking to a friend,try using more wetalk”.You may findyourself feeling more positive and the ef

18、fect it will have on your friend will be positive aswell.语篇解隹丁云&是二篇加函受二痴娶爰现；频便履MF 高 G花 嘉 于 云 而 不 仄 菽 家更快乐、更健康。5.According to Megan Robbins and her colleagues9 research,we can infer the followingEXCEPT.A.too much certainly indicates pressure or depressionB.more than 5,000 people were involved in thei

19、r researchC.the more we use we and“us”,the happier we may feelD.“we-talk may help us build better teamwork in our work解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的the researchers reviewed.over 5,000participants 可知，应排除 B 项;根据第三段中的 the frequent use of.happier and healthierrelationships 可知，应排除 C 项；根据第四段中的 The word.makes us mor

20、e interdependent.可知，应排除D 项。再结合倒数第四段内容可知，A 项不属于Megan Robbins和她的同事们的研究结果。6.What can be the benefit of we-talk”?A.We may avoid arguments and conflicts with it.B.It may help promote friendship in our life.C.It can help produce a feeling of,individualism.D.We can become more independent of others.解析：选 B

21、细节理解题。根据第四、五段内容可知，“我们”这个词使人们从个人的立场转变为合作关系，这使我们更加相互依赖，而相互依赖可以带来积极的、以关系为中心的行为以及对合作者的积极看法。7.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 8 mean?A.A person tends to use too much if he is experienced.B.I-talk“is an exact linguistic marker for people*s feelings.C.If a person uses Ltalk a lot,he is probably

22、in a bad mood.D.It is possible that someone likes when he is in an impersonal context.解析：选 C句意猜测题。根据画线句的句意“他们发现，太 多 的 是 一 个 准确的语言标志，表明一个人可能正感到紧张或正经历负面情绪”可知，如果一个人使用太多“Ltalk，说明这个人可能心情不好。8.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Using wetalk contributes to building good social relationships.B.The import

23、ance of choosing the word in our daily conversation.C.Using too much may lead you to become upset.D.Introduction to we-talk in our daily communication.解析：选 A 主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：频繁使 用“wetalk”说话方式可以让人际关系更快乐、更健康，即使用“wetalk”有助于建立良好的社会关系。CAs the days get shorter and the cold weather rolls in,we

24、 all want to curl up in a blanketand sleep until spring rolls around.But making time to get outside in the sun,even when itscold outside,could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.New research finds thatsunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental he

25、alth.lnother words,more sunshine,more happiness.For the study,a psychologist,a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up tocompare daily environmental data from the universitys Physics and Astronomy WeatherStation with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult patients who were be

26、ingtreated at the university1 s Counseling and Psychological Services.Other weather variables（可变因素）including temperature,pollution and rain were not found to have an impact onmental health.“We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included inthe study were not significan

27、tly related to patients scores once we had accounted for suntime 9 said Dr.Mark Beecher,a professor of psychology at the university and the study,slead author.Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder.Research hasshown that the brain produces more of the feel-good n

28、eurotransmitter serotonin on sunnydays than it does on darker days.Whats more,lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitaminD levels,which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.In addition to seeking professional help if you need it,taking a walk in the sun canhelp.Walking in nat

29、ure is known to reduce stress,improve cognitive function,lighten themood and even put the brain into a peaceful state.面 编 做 本文是二篇就明文。文章介绍了 一项新的研究研究表明晒太阳对于调节人的情绪、促进人的心理健康有很大的益处。9.According to the new research,what can make people happier?A.Less pollution.B.Fewer rainy days.C.More cold weather.D.More

30、exposure to sunlight.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，最新研究发现，阳光照射是迄今为止影响心理健康的最大的天气因素。换句话说，更多的阳光，更多的幸福。所以根据最新研究，更多地暴露在阳光下能让人们更快乐。10.The underlined word“archived”in the second paragraph means“A.composed B.discussedC.recorded D.adjusted解析：选 C 词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，在这项研究中，来自BYU的一名心理学家、一名物理学家和一名统计师合作，将该大学物理和天文气象站的日常环境

31、数据与该大学咨询和心理服务部每天存档的16 452名成年患者的情绪健康数据进行比较。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，“archived”一词是指“记录”的意思。11.What did the researchers think of the findings of the research?A.They were as expected.B.They were surprising.C.They needed professional proof.D.They were not inclusive enough.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第三段中Dr.Mark Beecher所说的话可知，研

32、究人员很惊讶，他们纳入研究的许多天气和污染变量，在考虑了日照时间后，与患者的得分没有显著关联。所以研究人员认为研究结果令人惊讶。12.What is the author*s purpose in writing the text?A.To inform readers of a new study.B.To tell people a piece of good news.C.To introduce a new way to gain happiness.D.To explain the benefits of walking in nature.解析：选 A 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文

33、章第一段介绍了一项新的研究发现：阳光照射是迄今为止影响心理健康的最大天气因素。更多的阳光，更多的幸福。下文则是对该研究的具体介绍。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者一项新的研究。n.阅读七选五There is an English saying：1 Until recently,few people took the sayingseriousIy.Now,however,doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on thehuman body.2Tests were carried out to stud

34、y the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funnyfilms while doctors checked their hearts,blood pressure,breathing and muscles.lt was foundthat laughter has similar effects compared with physical exercise.3 If laughter exercisesthe body,it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laug

35、hter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain onthe body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened todifferent radio programs.The group that tolerated（忍耐）the pain for the longest time wasthe group which listened to a funny program.45 They have found that even

36、if their patients do not really feel like laughing,makingthem smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.A.Laughter can prolong ones life.B.As a result of these discoveries,some doctors in the United States now hold laughterclinics in which they help to improve

37、 their patients9 condition by encouraging them to laugh.C.The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kindof chemical in the brain which diminishes both stress and pain.D.It increases blood pressure,the heart beating and breathing;it also works severalgroups of mus

38、cles in the face,the stomach and even the feet.E.Although laughter helps cure the disease,doctors still cannot put this theory intoclinic practice.F.Laughter is the best medicine.G.They have found that laughter can really improve people1 s health.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们大笑的好处，而且笑声还能缓解疼痛。1.选 F 根据前文可知，作者此

39、处要引用谚语，因此要找一个概括总结的句子，结合全文内容可知，F 项最符合题意。2.选 G 根据上文 doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on thehuman body可知，下句很可能说医生的发现，因 此 G 项符合语境，G 项中的they指代doctorso3.选 D 前文讲到大笑和身体锻炼有相似的功效，此处应该是具体描述都有哪些功效，故 D 项符合题意。4.选 C 本段谈到 laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the

40、 body以及对此进行的实验，空处应是对这个实验的总结，故 C 项符合题意。5.选 B 根据后文内容可知，空处应与doctors和 patients有关，且应表达出医生利用让病人大笑来为病人治疗的意思，故 B 项符合题意。Unitl 课下题型练（二）Using languageI.阅读理解AThe British are known for their sense of humounHowever,it is often difficult forforeigners to understand their jokes.The main point to remember is that th

41、e British oftenuse understatement.Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.For example,if someone getsvery wet in a shower of rain,he might say,Its a little damp（潮湿的）outside.w Or,ifsomeone is very impolite and shouts at another person,someone else might say,“She isn11exactly friendly.

42、Understatement is often used in unpleasant situations or to make anotherperson look silly.Understatement plays an important part in British humour.Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun ofthemselves as well as others.They often laugh about the silly and unpl

43、easant things thathappen to their everyday life,for example,when someone accidentally falls over in thestreet.They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society.They like tomake jokes about their accents,the way they dress and the way they behave.What*s more,the British love

44、 to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave insociety.The comedy series Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humour.Mr Bean is thecharacter created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990.Mr Bean doesn*t talk often,and instead he uses his body movements and facialexpressions t

45、o make people laugh.Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he doesthings that adults in the real world cannot do.Mr Bean is popular in many countries aroundthe world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour.Because ofthis,many people have become familiar with the Britis

46、h sense of humour.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何理解英式幽默。1.Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes?A.Because the British often enlarge the fact.B.Because British jokes are connected with many different cultures.C.Because the British try to make out that something is less important than

47、 it is.D.Because British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The main point to remember is that theBritish often use understatement.及第二段中的 Understatement means saying less than youthink or feel.可知，英国人经常使用低调陈述，低调陈述意味着说的话比你想的或感觉到的要不那么重要，所以外国人很难理解英国笑话是因为英国人总是试图让别人觉得事情

48、没有那么重要。2.How does the author explain understatement?A.By using examples.B.By making comparisons.C.By following time order.D.By describing a process.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的For example,if someone gets very wet in ashower of rain,he might say,Its a little damp outside.Or;if someone is very impolite andsho

49、uts at another person,someone else might say,“She isn*t exactly friendly.”可知，作者是通过举例来解释低调陈述的。3.How does Mr Bean make people laugh?A.By telling funny stories.B.By making jokes about others*accents.C.By copying how others behave.D.By using his body movements and facial expressions.解析:选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的

50、Mr Bean doesn,t talk often,and instead heuses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.可知，憨豆先生是通过肢体动作和面部表情使人发笑的。4.What is the best title for the text?A.British Humour in ComedyB.Humour in Different CulturesC Developing Your Sense of HumourD.Understanding British Humour解析：选 D 标题