2018年青岛市中考英语复习专项练习：阅读表达.pdf

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1、阅读表达25篇中外文化Passage 1The Dragon Boat Festival is traditionally celebrated on thefifth day of the fifth lunar（阴历）month in China.Peoples to-dolists for the festival often include hanging a plant on the door.Itis called argy wormwood（艾草）.This kind of plant is believed todrive out evil（邪恶的）spirits or bad

2、 luck.Its special smell can also keep annoying insects such asmosquitoes away from the rooms.In ancient times,peoplebelieved the plant had magic energy.It would make evil leaveaway from people.In fact,argy wormwood tastes bitter but smells verypleasant.It can be used as a medical treatment.People ca

3、n seeargy wormwood in The Compendium of Materia Medical 本草纲目).This book is widely regarded as the bible(权 威)oftraditional Chinese medicine(TCM).The book was written by LiShizhen,a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644).Argy wormwood is well-known for its ability to curehundreds of

4、 diseases.Hundreds of years later,in Qichun County,central Hubei province,where Li Shizhen was bom and raised,itis still serving for local people.Also,there is the World ArgyWormwood Industry Show in Qichun County.The Show is heldduring the Dragon Boat Festival and it also helps thedevelopment of TC

5、M and the traditional Chinese culture.It has become a main industry for the county and helps localpeople to make money.Tourism-themed health treatments andTCM are gaining even greater popularity because of the plant.任务一根据短文内容，回答问题。1.What is often hung on the door on the Dragon Boat Festival?2.What i

6、s the magic energy of argy wormwood?任务二请根据上下文，指出划线单词it指代的内容。任务三请将划线句子 Argy wormwood is well-known for itsability to cure hundreds of diseases.翻译成汉语。任务四用英文给文章拟一个适当的标题。【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国端午节人们喜欢把艾草挂在门上，人们认为艾草有辟邪作用。李时珍的 本草纲目记载了艾草的药用价值。李时珍的故乡湖北省的薪春县大力发展艾草产业，弘扬了中医和传统的中国文化。任务一1.Argy wormwood【.解析】题干意为：端

7、午节时候什么经常被悬挂在门上？根据第一段中“It is called argy wormwood（艾草）.”可知答案。2.To make evil leave away from people.【解析】题干意为：艾草的魔力是什么？根据第二段中“It would make evil leave away from people.”可知答案。任务二The World Argy Wormwood Industry Show.【解析】根据第四段中“Also,there is the WorldArgy Wormwood Industry Show in Qichun County.The Show i

8、s held during theDragon Boat Festival and.”可知it在这里指代薪春举办的艾草展览。任务三艾草因为能治疗上百种疾病而出名。【解析】be known for因而出名；hundreds o f成百上千。任务四Chinese Argy Wormwood【解析】根据全篇内容可知这篇文章主要介绍中国的艾草，在端午节的时候会被人们悬挂在门上来辟邪，也被中国人作为药品使用。Passage 2Nowadays,more and more people have chances to travel,study,work or even live abroad.It is

9、necessary for you to keep inmind these general rules for polite behaviors.If you are invited to an American friends home for dinner,first of all,arrive there on time（but not early）.Americans expectpromptness（准时）When youre invited to someones home for a meal,it ispolite to bring a small gift.Flowers

10、or candies are alwaysappropriate.If you have an attractive item made in your nativecountry,your host or hostess would certainly enjoy the gift.Wearing proper clothes with a beautiful smile is simply notenough.Table manners are also of great importance.Do not openyour mouth to talk,unless you have sw

11、allowed（吞下）yourfood.Also,chew（咀嚼）food with your mouth closed.When youwant to get the food that is in a distance,do not stretch（伸展）your hands to reach for it.Instead,ask for the food to be passedto you.Dont leave immediately after dinner,but dont overstay yourwelcome,either.When your friends seem to

12、be getting tired andrunning out of conversation,take their behaviors as a signal toleave.The next day,call or write a thank-you note to say howmuch you enjoy the evening.任务一请从文中找出manners的同义词。任务二 请将文中划线短语of great importance翻译成汉语。任务三根据短文内容，回答问题。1.Why should you arrive on time if you are invited by anA

13、merican friend?2.What should you do to reach for the food far away from you?【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们在朋友家作客时着装和用餐的注意事项。任务一behaviors【解析】table manners意 为“餐桌礼仪”，此处manners指行为,与 behaviors 同 义。任务二非常重要【解析】根据语境可知，此处指的是餐桌礼仪非常重要。任务三1.Because Americans expect promptness.【解析】题干意为：如果你被一位美国朋友邀请去吃晚饭，为什么你应该准时到达？根据第二段I

14、f you are invitedto an American friends home for dinner,first of all,arrive there on time(but notearly).Americans expect promplness(准 时)可 知，美国人期望准时。2.Ask for the food to be passed to you.【解析】题干意为：你应该怎么做来得到远处的食物？根据第四段中“Instead,ask for the food to be passed to you.可知，你可以请求别人把食物递给你。Passage 3Nowadays st

15、udying abroad is popular among young students.However,living with foreign host families is not easy.Here aresome suggestions that can help you get along well withforeigners.1_Foreigners have formed a habit of going to bed and gettingup early.You shouldnt make noises while the family membersare sleep

16、ing or busy with their work.If you want to stay up late,dont play loud music.The most important thing is that if you want to invite friends,youd better ask the host first.Or it will not only make the familymembers unhappy or angry,but also disturb（打扰）their dailylife.2_Because it can improve your lan

17、guage skills and promote therelationship between you and your host family.But its impoliteto talk about personal problems.Attending family events is anice way to assimilate（吸收）yourself into your host family.3_Being generous（慷慨的）and kind is very important.You canshare some of your good things or trea

18、t your host family todinner.Also,it is your duty to help the host family do somehousework.In that way,you will find yourself more popular inthe family.Remember to treat your host family like old friends,and youwill get along well with them and live a better life.任务一根据文章内容，把相关的信息匹配。将答案的字母代号填入对应的横线上。A

19、.Share something with the host familyB.Respect your host familiesC.Communicate with the host family1.2.3.任 务 二 请根据短文内容，完成句子。4.Living with is not as easy as what you think.任 务 三 根据文章内容回答问题。5.What habit have foreigners formed according to the passage?6.Why do you need to communicate much with your hos

20、tfamily?任务四 将文中划线句子Also,it is your duty to help the hostfamily do some housework.翻译成汉i吾。【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者告诉了我们在国外和寄宿家庭相处的几条建议。任务一1.B【解析】通读本段可知，主要介绍的是要尊重寄宿家庭。故选B。2.C【解析】通读本段可知，此处主要介绍的是与寄宿家庭进行交流。故选C。3.A【解析】通读本段可知，此处主要介绍的是要懂得与寄宿家庭进行分享。故选Ao任务二4.foreign host families【解析】题干意为：和 居住并不是我们想象中那么容易。根据第一段 中“Howe

21、ver,living with foreign host families is not easy.v可知答案。任务三5.Go lo bed and get up early.【解析】题干意为：根据这篇文章，外国人养成了哪种习惯？根据第二段中 uForeigners have formed a habit of going to bed andgetting up early.”可知答案。6.Because it can improve your language skills and promote the relationshipbetween you and your host fami

22、ly.【解析】题干意为：你为什么要和寄宿家庭多交流？根 据 第 四 段 中“Because it can improve your language skill andpromote the relationship between you and your host family.“可知答案。任务四你也有义务帮助寄宿家庭做家务。【解析】It is ones duty to do sth.做某事是某人的义务，为固定句型。Passage 4When you wave to a friend,you are using body language.When you smile at someone

23、,you mean to be friendly.When youput one finger in front of your mouth,you mean“be quiet”.Yet,people in different countries may use different body languages.Once an Englishman was in Italy.He could speak little Italian.One day while he was walking on the street,he felt hungry andwent into a restaura

24、nt.When the waiter came,the Englishmanopened his mouth,put his fingers into it and took them out againand moved his lips.In this way,he meant to say,“Bring mesomething to eat.But the waiter brought him a lot of things todrink,first tea,then coffee,then milk,but no food.The Englishman was sorry becau

25、se he was not able to tell thewaiter he was hungry.He was ready to leave the restaurant whenanother man came in.The man put his hands on his stomach,andthis body language was good enough for the waiter.In a fewminutes,the waiter brought him a large plate of bread and meat.Finally the Englishman had

26、his meal in the same way.任务一根据文章内容回答问题。1.How many people were mentioned in this story?2.What did the waiter do when the Englishman put the fingersin his mouth?3.Why did the Englishman feel sorry?任务二 将文中划线句子 He was ready to leave the restaurantwhen another man came in.翻译成汉语。【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个英国人在意大

27、利餐厅就餐时，由于肢体语言的差异，服务员不明白他想要食物，反而给他带来了很多喝的东西。最后英国人学习另一个人点餐的动作，成功点到了餐。可见：不同的国家使用不同的肢体语言。任务 一1.Three/3.【解析】题干意为：这个故事提及了几个人？根据文章内容可知，一共提到 了 Englishman,waiter 和 another man 三个人。2.The waiter brought him a lot of things to drink.）题干意为：在英国人把他的手指放进嘴里之后，服务员做了什么？根据第二段中But the waiterbrought him a lot of things t

28、o drink.”可知，服务员给了他很多喝的东西。3.Because he was not able to tell the waiter he was hungry.【解析】题干意为：为什么英国人感到难过？根据第三段中The Englishman was sorry because he wasnot able to tell the waiter he was hungry.”可知，因为他无法告诉服务员他饿了。任务二当他正耍离开时，另外一个人进到了餐馆。【解析】be ready to do sth.准备做某事。when引导时间状语从句。Passage 5“May we all be ble

29、ssed with longevity.Though miles apart,we are still able to share the beauty of the moon together（但愿人长久，千 里 共 婵 娟）.wrote Su Shi,a poet during the SongDynasty,in his well-known poem to his younger brother Su Zhe.The moon is at its brightest on the 15th day of the eighthmonth of the lunar calendar（阴历）

30、.On the day,people celebratethe Mid-Autumn Festival.It has been given great popularity allover the country.In ancient China,that day was a harvest festival becausecrops（庄稼）were harvested during that period.It was a time forrelaxation and celebration.Just like Thanksgiving in Western countries,famili

31、es also tryto get together for the Mid-Autumn Festival in China.Usually,no matter how far away or how busy they are,people will try toreturn home for the celebration.The Mid-Autumn has its own special food just as othertraditional Chinese holidays.People eat moon cakes with fillingssuch as sugar and

32、 eggs.The round shape of the cake makes itlook like the full moon.The full moon and moon cakes stand forfamily reunion（团聚）.With the beautiful moon up in the sky,people sit together,enjoy the full moon,eat moon cakes and fruit,share the stories,and express the best wishes for the family members and f

33、riendswho live far.任务一根据短文内容，回答问题。1.Who did Su Shi write the poem for in Paragraph One?2.Why was the Mid-Autumn Festival a harvest festival inancient China?任务二 请将文中划线句子The Mid-Autumn has its ownspecial food just as other traditional Chinese holidays.翻译成汉语。任务三请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意，不超过10个单词。The passage is

34、mainly about.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。开头引用苏轼的诗词引出中秋节。通过介绍中秋节的时间、由来，并和西方的感恩节进行比较，讲述家人团聚的传统。最后介绍中秋节的传统食物和赏月等习俗。任务一1.His younger brother Su Z he.【解析】题干意为：在第一段中苏轼为谁写了这首诗？由第一段 中 to his younger brother Su Z he.可知是写给他弟弟苏辙的。2.Because crops were harvested during that period.【解析】题干意为：为什么中秋节在古代中国是一个丰收的节日？由第三段中In ancient

35、 China,that day was aharvest festival because crops(庄稼)were harvested during that period.w 可知因为庄稼在那期间获得丰收。任务二就像中国其他传统节日一样，中秋节也有自己的特色食物。【解析】此处as为介词。任务三the Mid-Autumn Festival【解析】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中秋节的相关内容。Passage 6Recently Chinese Foreign Languages PublishingAdministration did a survey,asking 9,500 forei

36、gners in G20countries about Chinas national image.Half of them choseTraditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).TCM has a history of 3,000 years in China.It is based onthe Chinese culture of yin and yang.It looks humans and natureas a unity（整体）.So to keep healthy,we should follow thelaws of nature.For example

37、,it is the time to sleep at 11 pm,because yinpower starts to recover by then.If you often stay up late,you willlose the balance of yin and yang and get ill.As TCM has spread over the whole world in recent years,many people get to know it.People in 183 countries are nowusing TCM to cure diseases,acco

38、rding to Chinas first whitepaper on TCM.You may have noticed the round purple markson the shoulders of the US swimmer Michael Phelps in the RioOlympics.He was using the TCM cupping（拔火罐）to helphimself.It attracted many peoples attention across the world.One of the reasons behind the growing popularit

39、y of TCMis the increase of scientific research on it.In 2015,Chinesescientist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize for she discovered ananti-malaria drug（抗疟疾药物）.She used a plant which waslong used in traditional medicine.任务一请根据短文内容，完成句子。1.TCM the Chinese culture of yin and yang.2.If people of t en,they wil

40、l lose the balance of yin andyang.任务二根据文章内容回答问题。How many countries are using TCM to cure diseases now?任务三请用英语简要概括出第四段的段落大意，不超过10个单词。任务四 请将划线句子 It attracted many peoples attentionacross the world.翻译成汉语。【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国传统中药学在世界上越来越受欢迎。任务一1.is based o n【解析】根据第二段中“It is based on the Chinese cultu

41、re of yin andyang.”可知传统中医以阴阳为基础。2.stay up late【解析】题干意为：如 果 人 们 经 常,他们将失去阴阳平衡。根据第三段中“If you often stay up late,you will lose the balance of yin andyang and get 可知答案.任务二3.183 countries.【解析】题干意为：现在多少个国家正使用TCM来治疗疾病？根据第四段中“People in 183 countries are now using TCM to cure diseases,according to Chinas fir

42、st white paper on TCM.”可知答案。任务三TCM has spread over the whole world in recent years.解析第四段讲述 了 TCM传播到海外，被更多的人熟悉了解，并且183个国家正在用TCM治疗疾病；例如菲尔普斯拔火罐等。所以可以从第四段首句提炼本文的主题句。任务四它吸引了世界各地人们的关注。【解析】attract吸引；across the world世界各地，全世界。事物介绍Passage 7On April 1st,2017,China announced that it would build theXiongan New A

43、rea in Hebei Province.This will be of the sameimportance as the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and thePudong New Area,according to the State Council（国务院）.The area,about 100 kilometers southwest of downtownBeijing,will cover three counties that sit at the center of thetriangular（三角形的）area formed by B

44、eijing,Tianjin andShijiazhuang.The Xiongan New Area has great potential（潜力）for growth,reported by Peoples Daily.It has a broad space to develop andwill expand（扩大）to cover 2,000 square kilometers.Thetransportation of the area is convenient,with only an hours driveto Beijing and Tianjin.The new area a

45、lso has a good natural environment.It is hometo Baiyangdian,one of the largest freshwater wetlands in NorthChina.With more than 140 lakes,the wetland is known as thepearl（珍珠）“of the North China Plain.Once built,the area will reduce the heavy pressure on Beijing.For example,many companies,universitie

46、s and scientificresearch centers will move from Beijing to this area.International experts and media also think highly of this newarea.They said that it would set an example for developingcountries,noted by Xinhua.任务一请根据短文内容，完成句子。1.Xiongan New Area will be the Shenzhen SpecialEconomic Zone.2.The are

47、a will cover three counties that sit thetriangular area.任务二根据文章内容回答问题。3.How far is it from the Xiongan New Area to Beijing andTianjin?任务三 将文中划线句子 International experts and media alsothink highly of this new area.翻译成汉语。【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国在河北设立雄安新区。任务一1.the same/as important a s【解析】题干意为：雄安新区将 深圳经济特

48、区。根据第一段 中“This will be of the same importance as the Shenzhen SpecialEconomic Zone.w 可知答案。2.at the center o f【解析】题干意为：这个区域将覆盖三个坐落于三角形区域的县。根据第二段中 The area,about 100 kilometers southwest ofdowntown Beijing,will cover three counties that sit at the center of the triangular（三角形的）area formed by Beijing,T

49、ianjin,and Shijiazhuang.w 可知答案。任务二3.Only an hours drive.【解析】题干意为：雄安新区离北京及天津多远？根据第二段最后一句 中 The transportation of the area is convenient,with only anhours drive to Beijing and Tianjin.w 可知答案。任务三国际专家以及媒体都高度评价这个新区。【解析】think highly of高度评价。Passage 8Xinjiang,a beautiful place in Northwest China,has recentl

50、ycaught the eye of the world.Thats because Xinjiang is key toChinas Silk Road Economic Belt（经济带）.The Silk Road wasonce a route（路线）between China and Europe.It covered about6,500 kilometers about 2,000 years ago.People in China,CentralAsian countries and Europe traded along the route.Xinjiangplays an