2023年上海市部分区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷汇编：阅读理解专题.pdf

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1、上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三一模英语解析版试卷分类汇编阅读理解专题2023届上海市闵行区高三一模英语试题七、阅读理解Raccoons are arguably the most successful urban carnivore（食肉动物）in North America.They maintain large populations in most U.S.cities and are certainly just as common in Chicago,though actual population estimates are unknown.Almost anyone w

2、ho has spent time outdoors atnight has likely seen one,and they are quite difficult to confuse with anything else their fatbodies,and mask-like facial markings,make them quite distinctive,and even perhaps charming.A typical urban raccoon is able to eat virtually anything.Their diet includes earthwor

3、ms,carrion,plant matter,cat food,and all kind of discarded human food waste.Raccoons are probablythe most advanced wildlife which can dive our dustbins.Their paws（爪子）are quite dexterousand enable them to access closed garbage dustbins.Raccoons are also capable climbers and can befound on the top of

4、fences and in trees.While they are typically solitary,they are willing totolerate crowds of other raccoons if high quality food resources are present.They give birth onceand sometimes twice a year in late spring and make use of a wide variety of den（巢穴）sites,including hollow trees,chimneys,etc.Becau

5、se they make dens in a variety of human structures,raccoons can be a source of human-wildlife conflict,through direct confrontation with humans,property damage caused by their activities,and,perhaps most critically,through the transmissionof disease.Leptospirosis,canine distemper,raccoon roundworm,a

6、nd rabies are the mostimportant zoonotic（人畜共患的）diseases carried by raccoons.Rabies in particular has had amassive effect on raccoon populations and caused a public health attention,to the point where useof vaccine have been attempted in some cities.In most cases where raccoons are reported by the pu

7、blic,no management action is necessary.Large packs of raccoons,such as those often sighted along the lakeshore path,likely suggest alarge artificial food source,such as people deliberately feeding raccoons on unchecked garbage.These large gatherings present a high disease risk and people should be s

8、trongly discouraged fromfeeding raccoons or leaving food outside for them.In cases where there is evidence of disease,individual raccoons will need to be trapped and killed.56.What do we know about raccoons from the first paragraph?A.They are unknown in Chicago.B.They are easily recognized.C.They te

9、nd to attack people at night.D.They are declining in population.57.The word“dexterous”(in paragraph two)probably means A.skillful B.mysterious C.invisible D.abnormal58.From the sentence“While they are typically.(in paragraph two),we know that raccoonsprefer to.A.share food B.be in crowdC.live separa

10、tely D.hide high quality food59.What do we know from the last paragraph?A.People are encouraged to feed raccoons.B.Raccoons are killed as food source for people.C.Immediate measures are adopted when raccoons are found.D.Extreme actions may be taken to deal with racoons carrying disease.ALCS NEWS Aut

11、umn 2021 Mavis Cheek(born 1948)is an English novelist,author of 15 novels.Mavis Cheek in conversation about her writing lifeQ:What initially inspired you to become a writer?A:Being unqualified to do any other job was a great help-or rather spur(激励).If Id been ableto be a secretary or a typist,for ex

12、ample,then economics might well have overtaken me in theyears I spent improving my craft and trying to get published.Of course,the great inspiration washaving my daughter and wanting to be at home with the baby while using my brain.Q:Whats been your most exciting book and why?A:My latest Amenable Wo

13、men,from the point of view of all the research I had to do-which Ihugely enjoyed,by the way.The most exciting book to have published was my first(PauseBetween Acts,1988),which had absolutely wonderful reviews everywhere(except the New YorkTimes-and I didnt mind that at all-just to be in the NYT was

14、thrilling),It gave me extremeexcitement,when the first of those came out.Q:You once said that“any writer with a mortgage(贷款)never gets writers block.Doyour views differ now you have had 12 commercially successful books?If so,why?A:I still think,that one of the best(and worst)spurs to writing and tor

15、 continuing to write is arequirement to earn a living.The road to publication is littered with the corpses(尸体)ofwould-be authors who cant make it to the second or third book.Pvejust recently been sent a newnovel by a really good author who were less successful for years and I am sure it was largely

16、dueto her having a private income.Believe me,if I didnt have a mortgage in the bank,Td be lying onGreek beach right now,not struggling to make sense of yet another novel.Q:The more successful you become,do you find it harder to come up with concepts for anew novel?A:Its harder to believe you are get

17、ting better at the job,though obviously thafs what I and mostwriters want.Basically,we compete with ourselves while trying to continue pleasing our audience.Finding new ways of pleasing the readers one more time gets harder-at least for me.I alwayshave to start with an idea thafs suddenly entered my

18、 head,and which wont go away.CurrentlyIm suffered by thoughts of truth and how hard it is to maintain in an ordinary life.60.What encouraged Mavis Cheek to become a writer?A.The expectation of the worthy financialrewards.B.The desire to combine the role of a mother and a career.C.The established ide

19、a of gaining reputation of a famous writer.D.The wish of encouraging people through the power of literature.61.Overall,Mavis Cheek describes the writing profession as.A.motivating but struggling B.respectable but impersonalC.stressful and unfulfilling D.exciting and financially rewarding62.According

20、 to the passage,which of the following is true?A.Mavis Cheek had earned a lot before she became a writer.B.The income from writing has removed Mavis Cheeks material worries.C.Mavis Cheeks career once almost came to an end due to unfavorable comments.D.Successful as she is,Mavis Cheek still feels it

21、hard to satisfy the readers continuously.Building good transportation is a good idea.To have environmental value,new transportationhas to sufficiently replace or eliminate driving to cut energy consumption overall.That means thata new traffic system has to be supported by reduction in car use.Traffi

22、c lanes should be eliminatedor converted into bike or bus lanes.Ideally,these should be combined with higher fuel taxes,andparking fees.Needless to say,I have to struggle to make myself extensively understood.Buttheyre necessary,because you cant make people drive less,in the long run,by taking steps

23、 thatmake driving more pleasant,economical,and productive.Lengthy commuting（通勤）time is a forceful factor which can slow the growth of suburbs.The farther people live away from cities,the longer commuting time they need,which meansmore pollution their cars produce.If,in a misguided effort to do somet

24、hing of environmentalvalue,govemments take steps that make long-distance car commuting faster or moreconvenient-by adding lanes,building bypass,employing traffic-control measures that make itpossible for existing roads to accommodate more cars with fewer delayswe are actuallyencouraging people to li

25、ve still farther from their jobs,stores,and schools.As a result,governments are forced to further extend road networks,water lines,and other facilities.If you cutcommuting time by 10 percent,people who now drive fifty miles each way to work can findreason to move five miles farther out,because their

26、 travel time wont change.Traffic congestion（拥堵）isnt an environmental problem;traffic is.Relieving congestionwithout doing anything to reduce the total volume of cars can only make the real problem worse.Highway engineers have known for a long time that building new car lanes only temporarilyreduces

27、congestion,because the new lanes add additional driving.Widening roads makes trafficmove faster in the short term,but the improved conditions eventually attract additional drivers,and congestion reappears.With more car on the roads,people think about widening roads again.Moving drivers out of cars a

28、nd into other forms of transportation can have the same effect,ifexisting traffic lanes are kept in service:road space stimulates road use.One of the arguments that cities inevitably make in promoting transportation plans is that thenew system,by relieving automobile congestion,will improve the live

29、s of those who continue todrive.No one ever promotes a transportation system by arguing that it would make travelling lessconvenient-even though,from an environmental perspective,inconvenient travel is a worthygoal.63.In the first paragraph,the author gives us the hint that his recommendations are.A

30、.not widely supported B.costly to carry outC.generally recognized D.temporarily beneficial64.According to the passage,what will happen if commuting time for drivers is reduced?A.Drivers will become more productive employees.B.Mass transportation will be extended farther into suburban areas.C.Drivers

31、 will be more willing to live farther from their working place.D.Mass transportation will carry fewer passengers and receive less government funding.65.Which of the following can be inferred about the authors attitude towards the measures toimprove traffic?A.They are environmentally beneficial and s

32、hould be carried out immediately.B.They are well intentioned but ultimately lead to environmental harm.C.They will definitely arouse peoples awareness of environmental protection.D.They will only work if they can make driving more economical and productive.66.The author wrote this massage mainly to.

33、A.support the claim that efforts to reduce traffic actually increase traffic.B.oppose the belief that improving mass transportation systems is good for the environment.C.provide a balance between suburban expansion and traffic congestion.D.indicate that making driving less agreeable is a way to redu

34、ce negative effects of traffic.2023届上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模英语试题七、阅读理解A rare 7 65-year-old gold coin found on farm land in Devon in south-west England isexpected to sell for up to half a million pounds at auction.It is believed that the coin was mademore than 7 50 years ago,during the rule of the English King

35、Henry III.It is one of only eightknown to exist.Featuring a picture of King Henry III on one side and a cross and roses on the other,the coinis around 2.5 centimetres across.It was made with gold that came from north Africa.It was foundin September last year by a detectorist(someone who looks for it

36、ems buried underground using ametal detector)in Hemyock village.The detectorist had no idea how rare the coin was until heposted a photo of it on social media,where it was spotted by a history expert.The finder,who doesnt want to be named,was told to take the coin to the British Museum,where it was

37、confirmed that the coin was very rare.According to the law,the finder is allowed tokeep it because its a single coin and not part of a bigger haul but he has decided to sell it.He toldthe BBC,“The coin was found in an unappealing field and could quite easily have never beenrecovered.Now it is protec

38、ted for future generations to enjoy.,The coin is especially valuable because it was one of Englands first gold coins.Thecountrys coins were made of silver until King Henry III,who ruled from 1216 until his death in127 2,introduced gold ones with his picture on them.Professor David Carpenter at Kings

39、 College London,has traced the coin back to a mancalled John de Hidon,who was the lord of Hemyock Manor.Carpenter thinks the coin may havefallen out of someone,s pocket-either de Hidon himself or one of his staff.56.The correct order of the events that happened is.The value of the coin was confirmed

40、.A coin was unearthed in the field.The coin was on display at the British Museum.The coin was intended for sale.The coin caught the attention of a history expert.A.B.C.D.57.Which of the following aspects is mentioned about the coin?A.Its exhibition.B.Its significance.C.Its preservation.D.Its distrib

41、ution.58.The underlined word“haul in the third paragraph probably means.A.stolen or illegal things B.imported goodsC.patented cultural items D.hidden mineral resources59.Which of the following may be the best title for the news story?A.How to Discover Hidden Treasure B.A Coin Sold for MillionsC.Hist

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