2019年高考英语完形填空真题训练.pdf
《2019年高考英语完形填空真题训练.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2019年高考英语完形填空真题训练.pdf(33页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、2019年高考英语完形填空真题训练(说明文和议论文)(名师剖析解题思路与技巧+实战训练,值得下载练习)知识点一、了解说明文和议论文这两种完型填空都有以下特点:1、首句制胜,论点明确2、结构清晰,脉络有序3、按一定的方法论证二、注意完形填空解题四防范:1.失分防范1:忽略上下语境关系2.失分防范2:忽略搭配与词义的推敲能力3.失分防范3:偏离主题,忽略作者意图4.失分防范4:只顾词义,忽略语法结构三、通过实际做题来讲解题技巧进行运用复习目标熟悉高考完形填空说明文和议论文体裁的出题难度及考点,熟练运用解题技巧帮助解题。复习重点直击历年高考真题,从中理清解题思路及技巧。复习难点如何将所学解题技巧运用
2、于实际解题过程中。、高考回顾(2016,上海卷)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In the 1960s,Douglas McGregor,one of the key thinkers in the art of management,developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y.Theory X is the idea that people instinctively5 1 work and will do anything to avoid it.Theory Y is the
3、 view that everyone has the potentialto find satisfaction in work.In any case,despite so much evidence to the 52,many managers still agree to Theory X.They believe,53,that their employees need constant supervision if they are to workeffectively,or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consu
4、ltation.This,of course,makes for authoritarian(专制的)managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people.Unlike authoritarian management,some cultures,particularly in Asia,are well known fbr the consultative nature of decision-making一allmembers of the department or work group are asked to 56
5、to this process.This ismanagement by the collective opinion.Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asianways of doing things,which are based on general 57.Some experts say that women willbecome more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals ina way that
6、 traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative,to make decisionson their own without 59 managers first.This empowerment(授权)has been part of the trendtowards downsizing:60 the number of management layers in companies.After delayering inthis
7、way,a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers,front-line managersand employees with direct contact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation(委托)much further than has 62 been the case.Empowerment and delegation mean new formsof management control to 63 that the overa
8、ll business plan is being followed,and thatoperations become more profitable under the new organization,rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management,where teams of people linked by e-mailand the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managers evaluate the 65of the tea
9、m members in terms of what they produce for projects,rather than the amount of timethey spend on them.51.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike52.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme53.A.vice versaB.for exampleC.howeverD.otherwise54.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above55.A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.enco
10、uraging56.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply57.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression58.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male59.A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing60.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating61.A.honoredB.leftC.crowdedD.compared62.A.economicallyB.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.o
11、ccasionally63.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure64.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene65.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness【语篇导读】本文是说明文,作者在第一段中提出道格拉斯.麦克雷戈所提出的人性假设理论中的X 理论和Y 理论,并介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论:授权管理及其作用。5 1.【答案】D【解析】考查上下文串联。根据后半句“.will do anything to avoid it”可知很多人为了避免工作而愿做任何事情,说明那
12、些人大多数生性都是懒惰的,都不愿意工作,他们尽可能地逃避工作。故 D 项正确。52.【答案】A【解析】考查上下文串联。短语to the contrary相反的;to the degree在某种程度上;tothe extreme走向极端;在文章第一段中提到了 X 理论,大多数人都缺乏进取心和责任心,不愿对人和事负责,没有什么雄心壮志,不喜欢负责任,宁可被领导.而 Y 理论认为大多数人愿意对工作、对他人负责,人们愿意实行自我管理和自我控制来完成应当完成的目标。这是两种完全相反的理论,尽管对于这两种完全相反的理论有很多的证据,很多管理人仍然同意X 理论。故 A 正确。53.【答案】B【解析】考查上下
13、文串联。本句中for example表示举例说明;这些管理人仍然同意X理论,例如他认为如果要员工效率高,就需要给与他们不断的监督。这属于X 理论的举例说明。故 B 正确。54.【答案】D【解析】考查上下文串联。根据后句”.makes for authoritarian managers.”可知这属于专制的管理方法,他们的决定是来自上而下的,没有任何商量的余地。故 D 项“above上面的“正确。55.【答案】C【解析】考查上下文串联。根据前段可知本文讨论的管理学的理论,本句使用动词“manage管理”,不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法。而且和下文中亚洲、西方的管理方法形成呼应。故 C 正确。5
14、6.【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。短语refer t。提到,谈到;contribute t。做贡献,导致;objectto 反对;apply t o 适用于。亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法,所有人都被要求对管理的过程做出自己的贡献。故 B 正确。57.【答案】A【解析】考查上下文串联。名词agreement同意;practice练习,做法;election选举;impression印象;亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法,这种方法是建立在共同的协议基础之上的,西方人也想学习这样的管理方法。故 A 正确。58.【答案】D【解析】考查上下文串联。根据前半句”.women will become mo
15、re effective managersthan men.”可知有些专家认为女性比男性管理更高效。因为女性更有亲和力,比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标。故 D 正确。59.【答案】A【解析】考查上下文串联。根据前句“encourage employees to use their own initiative.鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神”,也就是说在做出决定的时候不要请示上级经理,自己做出决定即可。故 A 项正确。60.【答案】C【解析】考查上下文串联。根据前句“the trend towards downsizing缩小规模的趋势”,也就是要减少管理层的数量,可以直接做出决定而不需要
16、请示上级。故动词“reduce减少”符合上下文串联。61.【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析辨析。动词be honored with被授予;be left with留下,剩下;becrowded with挤满;be compared with与.相比;通过这种方法,公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人。省略了很多中央环节,提高了管理的效益。故 B 正确。62.【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。副 词 economically经济地;traditionally传统地;inadequately不充分地;occasionally 偶尔地;根据后句Empowerment and deleg
17、ation meannew forms of management.”可知授权管理是一个新型的管理方法,与传统的管理模式不一样。故 B 正确。63.【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。动词deny否认;admit承认;assume假定,设想:ensure保证,确保;授权管理是一种新型的管理方法,省略了中央管理环节,保证了整个商业计划被采用。根据句意可知D 正确。64.【答案】A【解析】考查上下文串联。形容词virtual虚拟的;ineffective低 效 的;day-to-day日常的;on-the-scene 现场的;根据后句where teams of people linked by e-
18、mail andthe Internet work on projects from their own houses”可知在这种新型的管理方法中,人们都是通过邮件和网络联系,说明这种一种新型通过虚拟网络进行的管理 方 法。故A正 确。6 5.【答 案】C【解 析】考 查 名 词 辨 析。名 词opinion观 点;risk冒 险;performance表 现;attractiveness魅 力。根 据 后 半 句 中“in terms of what they produce for projects,rather than theamount of time they spend on t
19、hem”可 知 我 们 评 价 员 工 的 表 现 是 根 据 他 们 的 产品 而 不 是 工 作 的 时 间。故C正 确。二、知识清单相 对 于 记 叙 文 和 夹 叙 夹 议 文 来 说,考 查 频 率 较 低。说明一个存在的社会现象说 明 内 容Q说明一个产品的制作过程或使用方法说明某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题实 物 性 说 明 文。说明书、广告、人物介绍等说明文文 章 特 点 八*;1事 理 性 说 明 文。理论性解羟、文书简介、教材等说 明 分 类q-1文 艺 性 说 明 文。将 说 明 对 蝴 人 化.进而变成故事等在近年的这一体裁中,作者一般在开 头 点 题
20、主 体 明 确0 文童的首句直接提出说明的对象。说明文的写作一般按以下顺序写:时间顺结 构 清 晰 特 征 明 显0 序:空间顺序:逻辑顺序;认识顺序.论点论证-结论三、例题精讲例1(2 0 1 5,安徽卷)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In our modern world,when something wears out,we throw it away and buy a new one.The 1 is that countries around the world have growing mountains
21、of 2 because people arethrowing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 3 a throwaway society?First of all,it is now easier to 4 an object than tospend time and money to repair it.5 modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products
22、 are plentifuland 6.Another cause is our 7 of disposable(一次性的)products.As 8 people,we are alwayslooking for 9 to save time and make our lives easier.Companies 10 thousands of differentkinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and cameras,to name a few.Our appetite for new products also
23、11 to the problem.We are 12 buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that 13 is better and that we will be happier with the latestproducts.The result is that we 14 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world,we can see the 15 of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish
24、just keep getting bigger.To 16 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 17,moregovernments are requiring people to recycle materials.18,this is not enough to solve ourproblem.Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions 19 throwing themaway.We also need to rethink our attitudes a
25、bout 20.Repairing our possessions and changingour spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of ourenvironment.1.A.key B.reason C.project D.problem2.A.gifts B.rubbish C.debt D.products3.A.faceB.becomeC.observeD.change4.A.hideB.controlC.replaceD.withdraw5.A.Than
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 2019 年高 英语 填空 训练
限制150内