2022年高考英语真题完全解读（北京卷）（真题解读）.pdf

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1、2022年高考英语真题深度解读（北京卷）2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共11页，共 100分。考试时长90分钟。第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第 一 节（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One Monday morning,while the children were enjoying“free play，I stepped to the doorway of theclassroom to take a break.Suddenly,I a m

2、ovement of the heavy wooden door.This was the very door I2 guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.I felt a chill（寒意）go throughmy body.My legs carried me to that door,and I pushed it open.It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was3 that day.He had been dropped

3、 off at school late and was 4 to open the door.He must have been waiting there for quite a while!Without a word,I rushed him to the hospital.He wastreated for frostbite on his hands.Hed need time to 5,and wouldnt come for class the next day,Ithought.The next morning,one of the first to 6 was my litt

4、le frostbitten boy.Not only did he run in withenergy,but his 7 could be heard as loud as ever!I gave him a warm hug and told him how 8 Iwas to see him.His words have stayed with me all these years,tI knew you would open the doo匚That cold Monday morning,he waited a long,long while for adults to 9.To

5、a child,every minutefeels like forever.He didnt attempt to walk back home;he waited and trusted.This five-year-old taught me apowerful lesson in 10.1.A.causedB.spottedC.checkedD.imagined2.A.hesitantlyB.randomlyC.dizzilyD.carefully3.A.angryB.absentC.specialD.noisy4.A.courageousB.contentC.unableD.unwi

6、lling5.A.recoverB.playC.changeD.wait6.A.settleB.gatherC.arriveD.react7.A.sneezeB.weepC.complaintD.laughter8.A.luckyB.happyC.curiousD.nervous9.A.show upB.pull upC.hold upD.line up10.A.gratitudeB.forgivenessC.faithD.kindness【答案】1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C语篇解读主旨概要这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，

7、小男孩推不开们，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。语言知识重点词汇1 .ensure v.确保，保证；保护，使安全2.frostbite v.冻伤，遭受霜冻3.powerful adj.（人，组织，国家）强大的，有影响力的；大功率的，高效能的4.hesitantly adv.迟疑地；踌躇地5.randomly a d v.（统计）随机地；胡乱地，任意地6.dizzily 4dH 使人眼花地；头昏眼花地7.absentadj.缺勤的，缺席的；心不在焉的，出神的8.special。4.特殊的，

8、特别的9.courageous a d j.勇敢的，有胆量的lO.sneeze v.打喷嚏n.打喷嚏，喷嚏声11 .complaint n.抱怨，投诉；不满的缘由12.gratitude n.感激之情,感谢重点短语1.drop o ff减少；让.下车；睡着2.for quite a w hile相当长的一段时间；好一会儿长难句分析One Monday morning,while the children were enjoying 44free play”,I stepped to the doorway ofthe classroom to take a break.译文：一个星期一的早上，

9、当孩子们在享受“自由玩耍”的时候，我走到教室门口休息。【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开们，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。1.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A.caused引起、使发生；B.spotted看见、注意到；C.checked 检查、核对；D.imagined 想象。根据后面的a movement of the heavy wooden door.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spot符合语境。

10、故选B 项。2.【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门。A.hesitantly迟疑地、踌 躇 地;B.randomly随机地；C.dizzily头晕眼花地；D.carefully小心地、谨慎地。根据后面的to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.”可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过，carefully符合语境。故选D 项。3.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。A.angry生气的、愤怒的；B.absent缺席的、不在的;C

11、.special特殊的、特别的;D.noisy嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的He had been dropped offat school late and was 4 to open the door.”可知，是小男孩来晚了，又开不了门，所以老师以为他没来，此处absent符合语境。故选B 项4.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门。A.courageous勇敢的；B.content满足的、满意的；C.unable无法胜任的、不会的：D.unwilling不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy wooden door.”和下文的“He must have been

12、waiting there for quite a while!”可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，所以才在门外等了很久，此处指“打不开门”，unable符合语境。故选C 项5.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A.recover恢复、康复；B.play玩闹、戏弄；C.change 改变；D.wait 等待。根据前面的He was treated for frostbite on his hands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recover符合语境。故选A 项。6.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人

13、之一。A.settle解决、定居；B.gather 聚集、召集；C.arrive 到达；D.react 反应。根据下文“Not only did he run in with energy,“可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用arrive。故选C 项7.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来，而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮！A.sneeze打喷嚏；B.weep 哭泣;C.complaint 抱怨：D.laughter 笑声。根据前面的Not only did he run in with energy”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来

14、，说明身体恢复好了，结合后面的“could be heard as loud as ever”可知，此处应指 笑声和以前一样响亮”，laughter符合语境。故选D 项8.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了他一个温暖的拥抱，告诉他我很高兴见到他。A.lucky幸运的；B.happy开心的、幸福的；C.curious好奇的；D.nervous紧张的、担忧的。根据上文“He，d need time t。5,and wouldnt come for class the next day,I thought.”可知，作者以为小男孩不会来学校，所以看到小男孩的时候，应该是开心的，happy符合语境

15、。故选B 项9.【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A.show up露面，出现；B.pull up拔起、停下来；C.hold up举起、阻挡；D.line up排队。根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用show up符合语境。故选A 项10【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个五岁的孩子给我上了一堂关于信念的有力的课。A.gratitude感激；B.forgiveness 宽恕；C.faith 信任、信念;D.kindness 善良、仁慈。根据前面“He didnt attempt to walk back h

16、ome;he waited and trusted.”可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，却没有试图回家，说明小男孩有很强的的信念，故此处指老师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西，此处指“关于信念的课“，faith符合语境。故选C 项第 二 节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening,her arms filled with grocery bags.Focusedon

17、balancing the bags,she didnt notice her wallet falling out of her pocket.As Helen walked on,she heard a mancharging towards her.Fearful that he might have an intention 12(harm)her,Helen started to run.Eventually,the man 13(catch)up with her,and he was only trying to return her wallet!语篇解读主旨概要这是一篇记叙文

18、。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。语言知识重点词汇Intention n.意图，目的，打算重点短语1.be filled with 被.充满2.be focused on 集中于长难句分析Fearful that he might have an intention 12(harm)her,Helen started to run.译文：海伦害怕他可能有伤害她的意图，开始逃跑。【答案】11,in 12.to harm 13 caught【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。11.【解析】考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the e

19、vening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故 in。12.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sih.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。13.【解析】考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Why do

20、humans prefer some smells over others?One theory,increasingly 14(support)by experts,suggests that smell preferences are learned.Its easy to explain how we determine 15 smells aredangerous or not:we learn.This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks.Gas naturally16(have)no recognisab

21、le smell.However,a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm whenwe detect the smell associated with danger.语篇解读主旨概要这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。【答案】14.supported 15 whether 16.has语言知识重点词汇1.increasingly adv.越来越多地，不断增加地2.preference.偏爱，偏好；更喜欢的人(或物)3.ad

22、opt v.收养；采取，采纳，接受4.leak V.渗入，漏出；漏，渗漏；泄露，透 露 几 漏 洞，5.recognisable adj.可辨认的;可认识的裂缝重点短语be associated with和联系在一起；与.有关，与.有关系【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。14.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持“，所以空格处应用过

23、去分词表被动。故填supported。15.【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether.or not的搭配。故填whether。16.【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。C阅读下列

24、短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Since people cant always eat out or cook for 17(they),they get takeout or order delivery.Moretakeout and more food delivery equal more waste,especially plastic waste.That includes cups,bottles,and bags,most of 18 are only good for one use.Th

25、ats a big problem and it is getting even 19(bad).Theuse of those plastics 20(increase)by 300%since 2019.The world wont survive if this situationcontinues.语篇解读主旨概要本文讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。语言知识重点词汇1.takeout n.夕 卜 卖2.delivery n.递送，投递；递送物；演讲风格，演说方式；分娩，生 产adj.运送的3.survive v.（经历事故、战争或疾病后）活下来，幸存重

26、点短语be good fo r有益于；对.有好处【答案】17.themselves 18.which 19.worse 20,has increased【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselveso 故填 由 emselves。2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most ofare o

27、nly good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups,bottles,and bags,在从句中作介词 o f的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse,故填worse o4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了 300%。根据句中since 2 0 1 9,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of Ihose plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38

28、分）第 一 节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APeer（同伴）Assisted Study Sessions（PASS）is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to studentsenrolled（注册）in most core units of study in our business school.PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle s

29、pecially prepared problem sets,basedaround a unit of study youre enrolled in.PASS doesnt re-teach or deliver new content.Its an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the keypoints from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.You work interactively with your peers

30、.As a peer group,you decide what is covered in each session.That way,PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback.Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am,21 September 2022.Waiting listsIf a session is full,you can register for the waiting list.We will email you if a place becomes available or

31、if anew session is to be held.When you are placed on a waiting list,we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list.If you are close to the front of the list,you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the nearfuture.DeregisteringIf you miss two PASS sessions i

32、n a row,you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone onthe waiting list.Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance.Youll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions.If you believe youhave received th

33、e email in error,email the PASS office at passofficeumbs.edu.21.In PASS,s t u d e n t s.A.attend new lecturesB.decide their own schedulesC.prepare problem sets in groupsD.use their skills to solve problems22.What can students do if a session is full?A.Fill in the attendance sheet.B.Sign up for the w

34、aiting list.C.Report their needs and feedback.D.Email the office their numbers on the list.23.Students will be deregistered ifA.they send emails in enorB.they fail to work interactivelyC.they give their places to othersD.they miss two sessions in a row语篇解读主旨概要本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)。原文出处https:/

35、www.sydney.edu.au/students/pass.html语言知识重点词汇1.available a d j.可用的，可获得的；有空的2.core n.果核；中心部分；核心4.involve v.牵涉，涉及；包含5.session n.（某项活动的）一段时间，一场；（议会等的）会议6.enroll v t.登记；使加入；把记入名册7.interactively adv.交互式地；互勤地8.feedback n.反馈意见9.registration n.登记，注册，挂号10.deregister v.撤销 的登记11.attendance n.出席人数；出席，出勤12.sheet

36、n.床单，被单；布罩，盖布；纸片，纸张13.inform v.通知，告知重点短语1.respond to 响 应；回答2.be close t o 接近于.；几乎.3.in a ro w 连续；成一长行4.as a result 结果5.in error错误地长难句分析PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially preparedproblem sets,based around a unit of study youre enrolled in.PASS包括每周一次的会议，您可以在小组中根

37、据您注册的学习单元解决专门准备的问题集。【答案】21.D 22.B 23.D【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程（PASS）。21.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段Its an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecturematerials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时,加深你对课堂材料关键点的理解。）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题。故选D。

38、22.【解析】细节理解题。根据 Waiting lists 部分“If a session is full,you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满员，您 可 以 注 册 等 待 列 表“可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。故选B。23.【解析】细节理解题。根据 Deregistering 部分“If you miss two PASS sessions in a row,you will be deregistered and yourplace will be given to someone on the waiting list.（

39、如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将分配给等待名单上的某个人”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。故选D。BMy name is Alice.Early last year,I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled（削 弱）my ability to doanything.I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.For almost a year I struggled on,constantly staring at this wall thatfaced me.My perfectio

40、nist tendencies were the main root of this:1 wanted to be perfect at whatever I did,whichobviously in life is not possible,but it consumed me.One day,I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school.His presentationnot only awed and inspired me,but also helped emer

41、ge an inner desire to make a difference in the world.I joined apre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speakone-on-one with him-an idea that had seemed completely impossible.This first contact was where my storybegan.A month later,Brown i

42、nvited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference.Looking back,I now see thatthis would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass,but that this new andmore confident Alice enthusiastically seized.Shortly after I received his invitation,applications t

43、o join the Youthfor Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school.I decided to commit tocompleting the applications,and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protectnature.Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.I am wr

44、iting this just six months since my journey began and Ive realised that my biggest obstacle（障碍）this whole time was myself.It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped somany people from reaching their potential:I cant.They say good things come to those who wai

45、t;I say:grab everyopportunity with everything you have and be impatient.After all,nature does not require our patience,but ouraction.24.What was the main cause for Alices anxiety?A.Her inability to act her age.B.Her habit of consumption.C.Her desire to be perfect.D.Her lack of inspiration.25.How did

46、 Grant Browns presentation influence Alice?A.She decided to do something fbr nature.B.She tasted the sweetness of friendship.C.She learned about the harm of desire.D.She built up her courage to speak up.26.The activities Alice joined in helped her to become mor e.A.intelligentB.confidentC.innovative

47、D.critical27.What can we learn from this passage?A.Practice makes perfect.B.Patience is a cure of anxiety.C.Action is worrys worst enemy.D.Everything comes to those who wait.语篇解读主旨概要这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。原文出处https:/coalitionwild.org/how-nature-changed-my-life/语言知识重点词汇1.anxiety n.焦虑，忧虑;

48、令人焦虑的事2.constantly 总是，经常地，不断地3.perfectionist n.完美主义者，追求完美的人4.tendency n.经常性行为，偏好；趋势，趋向5.obviously a d v.（用于强调）显然，显而易见；明显地6.consume v.消耗，消费；吃，喝6.consumption n.消费，消耗；食用，引用7.presentation n.（颁奖等）仪式，典礼；授予，颁发8.conservationist n.（自然环境、野生动植物等）保护主义者9.emerge v.浮现，出现；显露，知悉10.pre-presentation作品制作前期演示11.one-on-o

49、ne adj.一对一的;直接对立的12.contact n.联系，联络；接触，触摸13.timely ad j.及时的，适时的14.enthusiastically adv.热心地，满腔热情地15.seize v,抓住，捉住；（用武力）夺取，占领16.application n.正式申请，书面申请；申请书，申请表；敷用，涂抹；应用17.potential a d j.潜 在 的,可 能 的 儿（事物的）潜力,可能性；18.grab攫取,抓住19.inability n.无能，无力，不能重点短语1.stare a t 凝视,盯住2.make a difference有影响,有关系3.a seri

50、es of 一系列的；一连串的mit t o 交付，把.投入；把.置于5.build up 增进；加强长难句分析Looking back,I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my oldself would have let pass,but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized.回首往事，我现在看到这将是一系列及时机会中的第一个，旧的自我将会放过它，但这个新的、更自信的爱丽丝热情地抓