被动语态课件讲.ppt

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1、 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态主动语态(the Active Voice)被动语态被动语态(the Passive Voice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.We speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态They cleaned the classroom yeste

2、rday.昨天他们打扫了教室。昨天他们打扫了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.昨天教室被他们打扫了。昨天教室被他们打扫了。(一一一一)主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法:1.把把原原来的来的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语提到前面作被动语态的态的主语主语;2.把把动词动词变成变成“be+过去分词过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的主语主语变为介词变为介词by的的宾语宾语。be+done(二二)被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化时态构成一般现在

3、时am/is/aredone一般过去时was/weredone现在进行时am/is/are+being+done一般将来时will/shall/be going tobedone现在完成时has/havebeendone含情态动词can/must/should/may.bedone 1.被动语态的各种时态被动语态的各种时态1.Now English _ by more and more people all over the word.A.speaks B.is spoken C.was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done2.The lost

4、boy _ at the street corner last night.A.was found B.is found C.was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done3.More man-made satellites _ in the future.A.will send up B.will be sent up C.are sent up一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+donebe going to+be+done4.Three bridges _ since last year.A.have built

5、 B.were built C.have been built现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+done5.Flowers _ every day.A.has been watered B.should be watered C.should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词+be+doneOral practice-1.Change each sentence into passive voice:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2)Two doctors and ten n

6、urses make up the medical team3)When I got there,they were cutting up a fallen treeHe was knocked down by a car yesterdayThe medical team is made up of by twoA fallen tree was being cut up,when I got there.4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school

7、 6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year The play will be put on next SundayA new teaching building is being built by workers in our schoolThe railway had been completed by the end of last year 7)We should protect the earth8)You need to paint the wallThe earth should be protectedThe

8、 wall needs to be painted(三三)何时使用被动语态？何时使用被动语态？1、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Football is played all over the world 2、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：的执行者时。例如：My bike was stolen 我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。3、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：例如：He was born in October，19894、汉语

9、中含有、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等等词时。例如：词时。例如：Tina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。Tina is asked to come by Paul5、汉语中含有、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“据报道据报道”等时。例如：等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 主动变被动的

10、特殊结构1.含有双宾语的主动句含有双宾语的主动句(give pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell)I gave the book to Mr.Smith yesterday.昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。The book was given to Mr.Smith yesterday(by me).Mr.Smith was given a book yesterday(by me).2.谓语动词含有介词的主动句谓语动词含有介词的主动句They have never listened to him.He has never been l

11、istened to.他们从不听他的话。他们从不听他的话。2.They take good care of the baby.1.He bought her a watch.A watch was bought for her(by him).She was bought a watch(by him).The baby is taken good care of by them.He made me do the work3.feel,listen to,hear,make,let,have,see,watch,notice,look at等动词等动词/短语不短语不定式都不带定式都不带to；

12、但改成；但改成被动语态被动语态后后必须带必须带to。I was made to do the work by him.He is often heard to play the guitarWe often hear him play the guitarI saw him fall off the treeHe was seen to fall off the tree A traffic accident _(happen)just now.happened2.连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)如：如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn

13、,becomePeking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示当此动词表示事物的自然属性事物的自然属性的时候的时候:The pen _(write)very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells1.表示表示“开始、结束、运动开始、结束、运动”的动词的动词（vi.)如如:begin,open,start,end,stop,happen,take place,主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义：(表示主语的自然属性特征表示主语的自然属性特征)+副词副词(well/badly/easily/

14、smoothly),常见动词：常见动词：write,sell,wash,run,The books _ well A.were sold B.sell C.have sold D.are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washed表示主语的表示主语的属性特征的动词属性特征的动词+副词副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被用主动式表被动义动义 作作“需要需要”讲的讲的needneed：need to be done 或或 need doin

15、gYour jacket needs to be washed.Your jacket needs washing.be worth doing 值得做某事值得做某事His suggestion is not worth considering.4.动名词动名词主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义1.It suddenly snowed while Mary _for the bus.A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited2.A big power station()_in my home town now.A.has been built

16、B.is being built C.has built D.is building3.Stamps_by people for sending letters.A.use B.using C.used D.are used.4.Must old people_to politely?A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spokenCBDD5.Bike mustnt _everywhere.A.be up B.be put C.put C.putting6.The woman fell off the bike and _on the road.A.lay B.w

17、as lain C.lied D.has lain7.The old man and the children_in our country.A.must take good care B.must be take good care of C.must take good care of D.must be taken good care of 8.Granny Wang told the little children that the sun_From the east.A.has risen B.rise C.rises D.is risen BADC9.All trees must_

18、well when it is dry.A.be water B.watering C.water D.be watered10._I think the shop_._No,its open.It_at six.A.Asked B.will be asked B.C.closed;closes D.closes;is closedC.11.This bike is made in America.Its_for travelling.D.A.use B.using C.to use D.usedDDD12.The key _for locking the classroom door.A.u

19、ses B.is used C.is using D.use 13.A new school _over there in two years.A.may built B.may be built C.is built 14.He was made _yesterday.A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.to be cried15.The PRC_on October 1,1949.A.was found B.is found C.was founded D.is founded 16.A talk on Chinese history_in the school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.will giveBBBCC