高中同位语从句优秀课件.ppt

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1、我不知道妈妈在哪儿我不知道妈妈在哪儿.I didnt know where my mother is.I had no idea where my mother is.宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句The news _exited Yehua.that Baiqian will marry himThe fact_made Sujin worried.that Baiqian will marry Yehua同位语从句一般跟在某些名词同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后之后,用以用以说明或解释说明或解释前面的前面的名词名词,引导同位语从句的连词引导同位语从句的连词常用常用thatthat.小结

2、-1 同位语从句同位语从句1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，说明名词的具体内容，3.用法用法:常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reason thought/order/doubt/news/hope truth/belief 4.连词连词 that/whether/who/which what/when/where/why/how连接词连接词that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分,只

3、起连接作用只起连接作用.He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.他告诉我一个消息他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国他马上要从国外回国.There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.只用只用whether引导引导,不用不用if.这个问题是否正确还未被证实这个问题是否正确还未被证实.The problem _ is right hasnt been proved.连接词连接词whether引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句whether连接词代词连接词代

4、词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个我不知道该选哪个.1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.2.I have no idea _ one I should choose.whichwho(定语定语)(主主)在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分连接词副词连接词副词when/where/why/how 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句 1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The

5、question _ we should go has not been decided.whywhere3.由由when引导引导Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.有时可用有时可用namely(即即),thatistosay(也就是说也就是说),inotherwords(换句话换句话说说),thatis(那就是那就是),forexample等等引出同位语引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代说明其前面的名词或代词。词。Hetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEng

6、lish,thatis,topracticemore.1.Heres an announcement _ the winner at chess can get a prize of 1000 yuan.A.thatB.whyC.whetherD.when2.Its a question _ he did it.A.whatB.thatC.howD.if3.The dream _ we are flying in space has finally been realized by a Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what

7、4.They rumor spread _ a new school would be built.A.thatB.whatC.whereD.whichExerciseMultiple choices5.The question _ it is right or wrong depends on the result.A.ifB.whichC.thatD.whether6.I have a question _ student should take the responsibility.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.if7.They expressed the suggestio

8、n _ she accept the award.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.whichTip:在某些名词（wish,demand,suggestion,advice等）后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气！1)The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）定语从句定语从句宾语宾语同位语从句同位语从句(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）汤姆将出国的消

9、息是他讲的）同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句that名词性名词性形容词性形容词性只连接主句和从只连接主句和从句句,在从句中不充在从句中不充当成分当成分代替先行词代替先行词,在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分A:Heputforwardthesuggestionthatthesecondquestionshouldbediscussedfirst.B:Thesuggestionthathehadputforwardwasturndown.仔细看，找区别A:The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.B:The n

10、ews that Tom would go abroad is told by him.定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句同位语从句与定语同位语从句与定语 从句从句的的不同之处不同之处1、从句的作用不同：同位、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来从句用来进一步一步说明前面名明前面名词的内容；定的内容；定语从句用来修从句用来修饰、限定前面的名限定前面的名词。e.g.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队我们队取得了决赛胜利。取得了决赛胜利。）The news t

11、hat you told us is really encouraging.（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2、引、引导从句的关从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引引导同位同位语从句从句时是一个是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引不充当任何成分；而引导定定语从句的从句的that是关系代是关系代词，既指代先行，既指代先行词又又须在在从句中充当成分。从句中充当成分。e.g.1)Dad made a promise that he would bu

12、y me CD player if I passed the English test.（that不充不充当任何成分）当任何成分）2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别1.从词类上区别从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibil

13、ity,promise,order等有一定内等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.据说他已经出国了。据说他已经出国了。Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.我们的队赢了我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。这让我们很高兴。(同位语从句同位语从句)(定语从句定语从句)2.从性质上区别从性质上区

14、别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如的范畴。如:Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句同位语从句,补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什到底是一个什么消息么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告诉我的那

15、个消息是真的。昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句定语从句,news在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语的宾语)3.从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如有些引导词如how,whether,what可以可以引导同位语从句引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。但不能引导定语从句。如如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句同位语从句)考点考点同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽

16、象意味的名词。从句同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句就是其内容。就是其内容。that在从句中在从句中_成分。而定语从句成分。而定语从句就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在从句中从句中_句子成分。句子成分。1.（09江西）江西）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though2.Thesuggestion_heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.

17、A.whichB.thatC.whatD./3.Thesuggestion_thestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./总结：总结：不充当不充当充当充当做题顺序：做题顺序：“二看二看”一看一看_是否完整；二看是否完整；二看_确定答案。确定答案。从句从句句意句意Exercises:1.Theres a feeling in me_well never know what a UFO isnot ever.（02上海）A.that B.which C.of which D.what.答案解析：tha

18、t well never know what a UFO is not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling 的具体内容的。that 在从句中不做任何成分。2.Is this the hospital _he worked ten years ago?A.that B.where C.which D.the one3.A story goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen.(04上海)A.when Bwhi

19、ch C.what D.that4.His success was because of _he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact5.Tom came to the conclusion_by a computer.A.that not all things can be done.B.because of not all things be done.C.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be

20、 done6.We are living in an age _many things are done on computer.(03春招）A.which B.that.C.whose D.when7.I work in a business_almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.(04湖南）A.how B.which C.where D.that7.Thethought_hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that8.Theorder_theprisonerbesetf

21、reearrivedtoolate.A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.what9.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatientsfear_hewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.which10.Heoftenaskedmethequestion_theworkwasworthdoing.A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when11.Informationhasbeenputforward_moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedint

22、ouniversities.(NMET2001上海上海)A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as12.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities;thisistheinformation_hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as13.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.(MET91)A.itB.whichC.thisD.that14.Icantstandtheterriblenoise_sheiscryingloudly.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that15.Thefact_hefailedintheexamisnottheone_hetoldme.A.which;thatB.that;/C.which;whichD./;that