一般过去时与现在完成时.ppt

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1、Grammar现在完成时现在完成时 主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时态的基本句型现在完成时态的基本句型 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页助动词助动词have have(has(has）+过过去分词去分词过去分词的构成过去分词的构成上一页下一页 Typeoriginal p.t p.pcostcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaught rider

2、oderiddenspeakspokespokenkeepkeptkeptdrinkdrankdrunkeatateeatenABBAAA ABC主菜单现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法一.表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。上一页下一页He has just turned off the light.He has just turned off the light.(他刚把灯关了。)相当于：He turned off the light just now.The light isnt on now.即关灯这一动作对现在造成的结果和影响：现在灯不亮了。I have al

3、ready finished my homework.I have already finished my homework.(我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业。)主菜单二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或状态,但动作或状态可能仍在继续。上一页下一页She has lived here since has lived here since she was born.she was born.自从她出生时就一直住在这儿。I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten y

4、ears.ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法主菜单三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.上一页下一页Have you ever been to the Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?Summer Palace?(你曾去过颐和园吗?)I have never had a car.I have never had a car.(我从未有过汽车。)现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法主菜单现在完成时的现在完成时的时间状语时间状语常与不确定的时间状语不确定的时间状语连用，如:already,

5、already,never,ever,just,yet,before,so far,never,ever,just,yet,before,so far,in the past few yearsin the past few years等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作.还可以和表示一段时间的状语一段时间的状语连用，since,for a long timesince,for a long time等.上一页下一页主菜单一、一、sincesince Mr.Smith has worked here Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984since 1984.（1

6、984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）I have known Daniel since 7 years ago.自从自从7年前我就认识丹尼尔年前我就认识丹尼尔。Hes learned about 500 words Hes learned about 500 words since he since he went to college.went to college.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）上一页下一页主菜单一个时间点一个时间点一段时间一段时间ago从句从句二二、forfor一段时间一段时间（two weeks/six months/five daystwo weeks/s

7、ix months/five days）forfor短语短语表示动作延续多长时间表示动作延续多长时间 。He has taught in this school He has taught in this school for four years.for four years.（我们认识有二十年了。）I havent seen her I havent seen her for a long timefor a long time.（我好久没有见到她了。）上一页下一页主菜单三、三、just,already,everjust,already,ever，recently recently，bef

8、ore,neverbefore,never是完成时态的时间状语，而是完成时态的时间状语，而just nowjust now/a moment agoa moment ago 是一般过去时的是一般过去时的时间状语。时间状语。The train has just arrived.The train has just arrived.（火车刚到。）Did you see Joan just now?Did you see Joan just now?（你刚才看到琼了吗？）Have you heard from your family Have you heard from your family r

9、ecently?recently?（你最近收到家人的来信了吗？）上一页下一页主菜单have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。上一页下一页主菜单 Has she ever been to Nanjing?Has she ever been to Nanjing?她曾去过南京吗？You have never been there,have You have never been there,have you?y

10、ou?你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？-Where is she?-Where is she?-She has gone to Nanjing.-She has gone to Nanjing.她已经去南京了。上一页下一页主菜单 与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较一一.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或表示过去发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作发单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作发生在过去，和现在没有关系，而生在过去，和现在没有关系，而现现在完成时在完成时是表过去发生的某一动作是表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。是现在的情况

11、。上一页下一页主菜单二二.一般过去时一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，常与具体的时间状语连用，现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。或无时间状语。1.1.一般过去时的时间状语有一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday,last yesterday,last week,week,一段时间一段时间ago,in 1980ago,in 1980（过去时间）（过去时间）,in October,just now,a moment ago.,in October,just now,a moment ago.上一页下一页主菜单eg:The plane took

12、 off ten minutes ago.We finished our task last week.2.2.现在完成时的时间状语：现在完成时的时间状语：for,since,ever,just,yet,alreadyfor,since,ever,just,yet,already等不确定的等不确定的时间状语。时间状语。上一页下一页主菜单eg:They have lived here for ten years.eg:She has been in the Reading Club for many years.eg:I have known Daniel since ten years ago

13、.eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。上一页下一页 第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还

14、有这本字典在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。调说明。主菜单陈述句肯定形式。主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词+其它其它e.g.I have had lunch.已经吃过午饭了。He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。陈述句否定形式。主语主语+have/has+not+过去过去分词分词+（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为havent/hasnt）e.g.I havent had lunch.我还没吃

15、午饭 He hasnt gone to Beijing.他还没有去北京。上一页下一页主菜单 现在完成时的基本句型现在完成时的基本句型一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have/Has+主语主语过去分词过去分词（将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号）肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes,主语主语 have/has.否定回答：否定回答：No,主语主语 havent/hasnt.Has he gone to Beijing?他去过北京了吗？Yes,he has./No,he hasnt.特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词+一般疑问句）特词特词+have/has+主语过去分词主语过去分词？e.g.Where has he go

16、ne?他去了哪里？上一页下一页主菜单上一页主菜单动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you already_(clean)the room?1._ you already_(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that already.Yes,we _(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago.We _(do)it an hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.Whe

17、n _ he _(see)it?When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.He _ it last week.3._you ever _(be)there many times?3._you ever _(be)there many times?Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawHavebeen下一页上一页主菜单4.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.6.How _ she _(go)there

18、yesterday?She _(go)there by air.have readhas gonedidgowent下一页上一页主菜单选用选用 for和和 since填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last time.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页主菜单