中考复习4-动词不定式课件.ppt

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1、中考复习系列中考复习系列动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式用法归纳概概 说说动词不定式动词不定式(to do)是初中英语课的是初中英语课的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆 动词不定式的主要用法动词不定式的主要用法 一、动词不定式在句子中不能独立一、动词不定式在句子中不能独立充当谓语充当

2、谓语,没有人称和数的变化。没有人称和数的变化。二、动词不定式是由二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形动词原形”构成构成(有时可以不带有时可以不带to)。动词不定式。动词不定式的否定形式是的否定形式是“not+动词不定式动词不定式”(此此时时not不能再与助动词连用不能再与助动词连用)。I found it very difficult to get a job.(it为形式宾语为形式宾语)点击规律：点击规律：这些动词后面除接不定式外这些动词后面除接不定式外,还可以接动还可以接动名词名词,意思区别不大。意思区别不大。提示板：提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而指经常性动作，而like to

3、 do指一次性的动作。指一次性的动作。I like swimming，but I dont like to swim now我喜欢游泳我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。但我现在不想游。stop,forget,remember,go on,try等等词或短语后面可以接不定式。词或短语后面可以接不定式。点击规律点击规律:上述动词后面接不定式和上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。接动名词意思大不相同。提示板：提示板：1)stop to do sth.:2)停止一件事，去做另一件事。停止一件事，去做另一件事。stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事。停止正在做的事。例如：例如：When the

4、 teacher came in,the students stopped talking；当老师走进来时当老师走进来时,学生们停止说话；学生们停止说话；when he came out,the students stopped to talk 当老师走出去时当老师走出去时,学生们又开始说话。学生们又开始说话。2)思考思考:forget,remember,go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？名词用法有何区别？返回定定 语语动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词、代词的后面。、代词的后面。例例:He is the fi

5、rst person to sail around the world.I have a lot of work to do The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy 点击规律点击规律:动词不定式若在句中作定语动词不定式若在句中作定语,常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。返回作作 状状 语语 a.目的状语目的状语:放在放在go,come,use,live,in order等词后面等词后面.如：如：I come to see you He runs fast in order to get there in t

6、ime They brought in photos of their families for me to look at 返回(2)在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see,watch,hear,feel,make,let,have,observe,notice,help等等)后不后不带带to 的不定式作宾补。如：的不定式作宾补。如：The boss makes them work 16 hours a day I heard her sing in the next room 提示板提示板:若变成若变成被动语态被动语态,在上述结构在上述结构中中,不定式符号不定式符

7、号to要加上要加上。如如:They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss She was heard to sing in the next room“疑问词不定式疑问词不定式”用法用法 不定式前可带不定式前可带what，who，which，where,when,how,whose,等疑问词等疑问词,这种这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。主语等。例例:He didnt tell me where to go.(直宾直宾)I dont know what to say now.(宾语宾语)I do

8、nt know what to do next.(宾语）宾语）He taught us how to use the computer(宾语补足语宾语补足语)返回根据句意根据句意,用括号内所给动词的适当形式用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。填空。1.Its time for us _(have)supper 2.Would you like _(go)shopping with me？3.It took us half an hour _(work)out the problem to go 主语主语to go 宾语宾语to work 主语主语4.He is old enough _(join)

9、the army 5.I feel strange _(have)a twin sister 6.I am very glad _(meet)you here7They prefer _(stay)at home rather than go outto join 结果状语结果状语to have 形容词补足语形容词补足语(原原)to meet 形容词补足语形容词补足语(原原)to stay 宾语宾语8.We saw them_(come)into the room just now 9.What he said made me_(feel)sorry 10.I am sorryI forgot

10、_(tell)you the news 11.His plan is _(spend)a few days in the mountains to come 宾补宾补to feel 宾补宾补to tell 宾语宾语to spend 表语表语12.Have you got anything _(say)?13.Have you decided which one _(choose)?14.Do you know when_(start)？15.He is too weak _(carry)the big stone to say 定语定语to choose 定语定语to start 不定式短语作宾语不定式短语作宾语to carry 结果状语结果状语Hi,relax yourself!