中西方价值观的差异.ppt

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1、Differents between the China And the WesternABOUT VALUE values are the essence of the spirit of national culture.价值观是民族文化的精神本质。the value mainstreams 价值主流 personal-based 个人本位 Heaven concept 天人观 communication 交际观 1.价值主流 The value of the mainstream.The mainstream of Western cultural values is the spiri

2、t of fighting for self-satisfaction.Western culture publicizes personality,emphasizes the protection of individual interests,focus on the potential of independent individuals and strengthens the awareness of individual rights.The values of mainstream Chinese culture is the spirit of harmony.In the r

3、elationship between human and nature,Chinese advocates harmony between human and nature,human and nature can live in harmony.In human relations,emphasize the importance of harmony with the human good.The Chinese nation is a peace-loving and friendly one.2 个人本位.Unified and pluralistic values.Chinese

4、people are deeply affected by the Confucian.They think that the more conducts a person makes in his life,the more meaningful.Therefore,people who has the largest political vision are affected by such a unitary value of life,most people do not want to be the one who is interested in Natural Science,w

5、hich were trapped in the embryonic stage of scientific.Also,people have the wisdom to concentrate on political power,so that can creat a real political culture super-solid model in a unique world.In this particular model,the Chinese will have a unique historical phenomenon.The value of life in Weste

6、rn culture was the diversification,politics is a realization of the life value and business is also considered to be very valuable.3.天人观 Relationship and humans to nature.In Western country,relationship and humans to nature is:humans control nature.as follows:make life comfortable and convenient;pro

7、blems can be solved once we know the facts.The Western experience of human life being separate from nature can be found in the Bible story of creation.As masters of nature.humans are encouraged to control it and exploit it in any way they choose to master the natural world,people need to study and e

8、xplore it to figure out how it works,much as you might figure out how a machine works before you use it.This attitude of looking at the natural world as an object contributed to the development of Western science.In China,relationship and humans to nature is:harmony with nature,as follows:live accor

9、ding to the rhythms of nature;everything has its own character;be balanced.Chinese traditional medicine shows the cultural value of harmony with nature.4.时间、交际观 Sense of time.In Western country,sense of time is:future orientation,as follows:control the future by planning for it what is past is past

10、and not important the young know what is happening;study history to shape the future.In their mind,each of us has such a bank.Its name is time.Each day it opens a new account for you.Each night it burns the remains of the day.If you fail to use the day s deposits,the loss if yours.There is no going

11、back.There is no drawing against the“tomorrow”.You must live in the present on today s deposits.Invest it so as to get from it the utmost in heath,happiness,and success!The clock is running.Make the most of today.And remember that time waits for no one.In China,sense of time is:past orientation,as f

12、ollows:tradition if the best teacher;what happened in the past is important today;the old are wise;break with the past to change society.ABOUT BELIEF Belief is a feeling of certainty that something exists,is true,or is good.The differences between countries in values,makes the ways of thinking or be

13、havior of people are different in every country.In the Western life,religion,throughout play an extremely important role.In the Chinese view,religion is just an afterthought,if at times have no choice but to pursue a number of formal rules,it was only outside for some religious significance.Therefor

14、e,when the feelings of Westerners with a reverent devotion to God,the Chinese who are not seized the gods can gvc skeptical.first For the Westerners,since Almighty God is an external,transcendent entities,limited human simply can not communicate with its phase.Therefore,the two concepts in their wor

15、ld(and beyond this life)is always separate:the philosophy,ontology and phenomena on the other.Religion has divided heaven and earth.And even social utopian ideology and reality are also different While the Chinese people,because the form had never been beyond the concept of such an external,natural

16、and social,Heaven and humanity,and human relations with the physical has always been one seamless,so people will not only be able to participate directly in heaven and good fortune,and even the world as public social ideal only to the already realized in old and going to pursue.This also affected th

17、e way of thinking,the Western form of a binary mode of thinking and to develop a high degree of analysis,tactics,and the Chinese people always like anything with the overall chaos and dialectical attitude towards them Everything always wanted into a complete System.In the West where,owing to the rea

18、l world beyond the world and has always been separate,so the fold of faith and reason have been separated on the corresponding years,the former is the source of value.The latter is the knowledge base.But for Chinese people,knowledge,and price,faith and reason are like natural,like people,have never

19、been separated before,the value of knowledge,but is realized only left the values,knowledge lost its significance,like the West and that kinds of purely rational knowledge in China,there was no status.对于西方人来说,既然全能的上帝是一个外在的、超越的实体,有限的人根本无法和它相沟通。所以在他们的观念中两个世界（超越的和现世的）始终是分立的：哲学上有本体和现象之别。宗教上有天国与人间之分。甚至社会

20、思想上也有乌托邦和现实的不同。而对中国人来说,由于从来就没有形成过这种外在超越的观念,自然和社会、天道与人道、人伦与物理始终一体无间,所以人不但能够直接参与天地的造化,就连天下为公的社会理想也只能到早已实现过的往古中去追寻。这一点还影响到思维方式上,西方人形成了一种二分的思维模式,并发展出一套高度分析的技俩,而中国人对任何事物总喜欢用整体浑沌和辩证的态度去对待他们总想把一切东西都纳入到一个完整的系统之内。在西方人那里由于超越世界和现实世界始终是分离的,所以信仰和理摺就相应地被割裂开来,前者是价值的源泉。后者则是知识的基础。但对中国人来说,知识和价位、信仰与理智就像自然与人一样从来就没有分离过,

21、知识只不过是对价值的体认而已,离开了价值,知识就丧失了意义,像西方那种纯粹理性的知识在中国是没有任何地位的。second the status of religion in society In the West,because the ultimate source of value comes from God,so religion in social life is essential.But in China,secular society,value is based on only a beginning to the society and the groups to look

22、 for,therefore,ethics in China,occupies a particularly important place,which is what I am afraid that the spread of Western learning encounter the biggest obstacle.Some people have used humanism to sum up the spirit of Chinese culture,as is the view of Chinese society,special attention to people and

23、 human relations reasons,but must be explained that the West also has its humanism,but humanism that is targeted to religion theology is concerned,it emphasizes that the people have independent of the value of other than God or nature.Humanism and the beginning of the Chinese people on the establish

24、ment of harmony between man and nature in the above so this humanistic relative color more apparent.宗教在社会中的地位在西方,由于价值的源泉最终来自上帝,所以宗教在社会生活中的地位至关重要。但在中国这个世俗化的社会里，价值的根据一开始就只能到社会和群体中去寻找,因此,伦理观念在中国占有特别重要的地位,这恐怕也正是西学传播中所遇到的最大障碍。有人曾用“人文主义”来概括中国文化的精神,当是有见于中国社会特别重视人及人伦的缘故,不过需要说明的是,西方同样有其人文主义,只是那种人文主义是针对于宗教神学而

25、言,它强调的是人有独立于上帝或自然之外的价值。而中国人的人文主义一开始就建立在人和自然的和谐之上,所以这种人文主义的相对色彩更浓厚。third the impact of religion on political life In the West,the persistence of religious and political contradictions and conflicts.Religious commitment is instructive function.Political load is the management tasks.In the Middle Ages,

26、political subordination to religion,from religion to guide the political.Since modern times,due to the advancement of secular kingship,the role of religion on political control has been gradually weaker or even eliminated,governance and education as two separate force.But in traditional China,due to

27、 the power of religion has never been able to manipulate politics to achieve a high degree,so the function of enlightenment have been borne by the political,and this forms a political as the center,to a high degree of unity of political and religious characteristics of society.宗教对政治生活的影响在西方,宗教和政治始终存

28、在着矛盾和冲突。宗教承担的是教化功能。政治负载的则是管理任务。在中世纪,政治附属于宗教,由宗教来指导政治。近代以后,由于世俗王权地位的提高,宗教对政治的控制作用被逐渐稍弱乃至消除,政和教成为两种独立的力量。但在传统中国，由于宗教力量从来就没有达到能够操纵政治的高度,所以教化的功能也一直由政治来负担,结果形成了一个以政治为中心、以政教高度合一为特色的社会。Conclusion In short,a small country in the traditional social and political constitutes the center of all activities,both

29、as peoples life goal is to obtain the ultimate authority under the final analysis,even the ethics of such a system is to maintain no more than a tool.In the West,political and social life has never been achieved with such a dogmatic and wide-ranging proportions.It is precisely because the impact of

30、this political centrism,modern intellectuals in the West accept the hours are often distorted and misunderstood,and sometimes even change the direction of the spread of Western learning 总之,在传统小国社会政治构成了一切活动的中心,它既是人们生活所追求的目标,也是获取权威的最终根据,说到底,就连伦理观念也无非是维系这种制度的工具而已。在西方,政治在社会生活里从来都没有达到过这样独断和广泛的地步。正是因为这种政治中心主义的影响,近代知识分子在接受西学时往往发生扭曲和误解,有时甚至改变了西学传播的方向。THE END THANKS!