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1、大学英语四级阅读高频大学英语四级阅读高频词汇词汇n1.alter n2.disposen3.consumen4.sliden5.bacteria n6.breed n7.budgetn8.candidate n9.transform n10.transmit n11.transplantn1.v.改变,改动,变更n2.vi.除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)n3.v.消耗,耗尽n4.v.滑动,滑落 n.滑动;滑面;幻灯片n5.n.细菌n6.n.种,品种 v.繁殖,产仔n7.n.预算 v.编预算,作安排n8.n.候选人n9.v.转变,变革;变换n10.v.传播,播送;传递n 11.v.移植n12.s
2、hift n13.vanishn14.swallown15.suspiciousn16.mild17.accelerate n18.boundary 19.vague n20.vain n21.extinct n22.extraordinary n23.extremen12.v.转移;转动;转变n13vi.消灭,不见n14v.吞下,咽下 n.燕子n15a.怀疑的,可疑的n16a.温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的n17vt.加速,促进n18n.分界线,边界n19a.模糊的,不明确的n20n.徒劳,白费n21a.绝灭的,熄灭的n22a.不平常的,特别的,非凡的n23a.极度的,极端的 n.极端,过分
3、n24.agent nn.代理人,代理商;动因,原因25.alcoholn n.含酒精的饮料,酒精26.appeal nn./vi.呼吁,恳求27.appreciate nvt.重视,赏识,欣赏28.approven v.赞成,同意,批准29.stimulaten vt.刺激,激励30.accomplishn vt.完成,到达;实行n31.weave nv.织,编32.preserven v.保护,保存,保持,维持33.expenditure nn.支出,消费;经费n34.individual na.个别的,单独的 n.个人,个体n35.authority nn.权威;当局 n36.acade
4、mic na.学术的;高等院校的;研究院的37.battery nn.电池(组)38.barrier nn.障碍;棚栏n39.career nn.生涯,职业40.vesseln n.船舶;容器,器皿;血管41.verticaln a.垂直的n42.extent nn.程度,范围,大小,限度43.externaln a.外部的,外表的,外面的44.petrol nn.汽油45.delay nvt./n.推迟,延误,耽搁46.decayn vi.腐烂,腐朽47.decentn a.像样的,体面的n48.ruin nv.毁坏,破坏 n.毁灭,pl.废墟49.satellite nn.卫星50.sca
5、le nn.大小,规模;等级;刻度51.tendencyn n.趋向,趋势52.ultimate na.极端的,最大的,最终的 n.极端53.undergon v.经历,遭受n54.abundant na.丰富的,充裕的,大量的55.adopt nv.收养;采用;采纳56.adapt nvi.适应,适合;改编,改写 vt.使适应57.bachelornn.学士,学士学位;单身汉58.casual na.偶然的,碰巧的;临时的;非正式的59.vacant na.空的,未占用的n60.organ nn.器官,风琴61.excess nn.过分,过量,过剩62.expel nv.驱逐,开除,赶出63
6、.expenditure nn.支出,消费;经费65.expand nv.扩大,扩张;展开,膨胀66.expansion nn.扩大,扩充;发展,膨胀n67.individual na.个别的,单独的 n.个人,个体68.personal an 个人的,私人的;亲自的69.personnel nn.总称人员,员工;人事部门70.grant nvt.授予,同意,准予71.invade nv.侵入,侵略,侵袭 72.private an私人的,个人的n73.calculaten vt.计算,核算74.calendar nn.日历,月历75.optimisticn a.乐观76.optional n
7、a.可以任选的,非强制的77.export nn.出口(物)v.出口,输出78.import nn.进口(物)v.进口,输入n78.impose nvt.把.加强(on);采用,利用80.religionn n.宗教,宗教信仰81.victim nn.牺牲品,受害者82.offend nv.冒犯,触犯83.interferen v.干涉,干扰,妨碍84.internal na.内部的,国内的n85.racial na.人种的种族的86.range nn.幅度,范围 v.(在某范围内)变动87.wonder nn.惊奇,奇迹 v.想知道,对.感到疑惑88.isolate nvt.使隔离,使孤立8
8、9.issue nn.问题,争论点;发行,(报刊)一期n90.hook nn.钩 vt.钩住n91.adequate na.适当地;足够92.capture nvt.俘虏,捕获93.valid na.有效的,有根据的;正当的94.valley nn.山谷,峡谷95.consistent na.坚固定;一致的,始终如一的96.exploden v.爆炸;爆发;激增n97.explorenv.勘探98.explosive na.爆炸的;极易引起争论的99.remote na.遥远的,偏僻的100.removal nn.除去,消除101.idle na.懒散的,无所事事的102.identify n
9、vt.认出,鉴定n103.identify nn.身份;个性,特性104.poverty nn.贫穷105.resistant na.(to)抵抗的,抗.的,耐.的106.resolve nvt.解决;决定,决意107.bargain nn.便宜货 vi.讨价还价n108.code nn.准则,法规,密码n109.advertisement nn.广告110.agency nn.代理商,经销商111.focusn v.(使)聚集 n.焦点,中心,聚焦112.forbid nvt.不许,禁止113.debate nn./v.辩论,争论114.debt nn.欠债115.decaden n.十年n
10、116.encounter nvt./n.遭遇,遭到117.global na.全球的;总的118.scan nvt.细看;扫描;浏览119.significance nn.意义;重要性120.subsequentn a.随后的,后来的n121.virtual na.实际上的,事实上的n122.portionn n.一部分123.decline nv.拒绝,谢绝;下降124.illusion nn.错觉125 likelihood nn.可能,可能性126.emphasize nvt.强调,着重127.emotion nn.情感,感情n128.awful na.极坏的,威严的,可怕的129.c
11、lue nn.线索,提示130.collision nn.碰撞,冲突131.device nn.装置,设备132.inevitable na.不可避免的133.naval na.海军的134.necessity nn.必需品;必要性n135.previous na.先,前,以前的136 pursue nvt.追逐;追求;从事,进行137.substitute nn.代用品 vt.代替138.deserve nvt.应受,应得,值得228.professional na.职业的,专门的139.secure na.安全的,可靠的140.securityn n.安全,保障n141.talent nn
12、.才能,天资;人才142.nevertheless nad.仍然,然而,不过143.neutral na.中立的,中性的144.spray nv.喷,(使)溅散145.medium na.中等的,适中的 n.媒介物,新闻媒介146.media nn.新闻传媒n147.automatic na.自动的petentn a.有能力的,能胜任的petition nn.竞争,比赛150.distributen vt.分发151.disturb nvt.打搅,妨碍152.integrate nv.(使)成为一体,(使)合并n153.promote nvt.促进;提升154.region nn.地区;范围;
13、幅度155.register nv./n.登记,注册156.stable na.稳定的157.cancel nvt.取消,废除158.prospect nn.前景,前途;景象n159.prosperityn n.兴旺,繁荣160.core nn.果心,核心161.maintain nvt.维持,保持;坚持,主张162.disciplinen n.纪律;惩罚;学科163.domestic na.本国的,国内的;家用的;家庭的164.constant na.不变的,恒定的 n.常数 n165.authority nn.权威;当局munityn n.社区,社会mit nvt.犯(错误,罪行等),干(
14、坏事等)ment nn./vt.评论169.distinguish nvt.区分,辨别170.facility nn.pl.设备,设施;便利,方便n171.mixturen n.混合,混合物172.prominent na.突出的173.substance nn.物质;实质174.prompt nvt.促使 a.敏捷的,及时的175.vivid na.生动的176.vocabulary nn.词汇(量);词汇表n177.version nn.版本,译本;说法178.yield nvi.(to)屈服于;让出,放弃 n.产量179.zone nn.地区,区域180.strategy nn.战略,策
15、略181.strategic na.战略(上)的,关键的182.tense na.紧张的 v.拉紧 n.时态Table Item19941995199619971998Food65%60%48%42%35%Clothing8%9%12%15%17%Recreation3%5%7%8%10%Others24%26%33%35%38%Total100%100%100%100%100%图表类型Bar Chart/Graph 柱状图柱状图Graph(曲线图)曲线图)nThis is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in
16、 Great Britain.As can be see from the chart,the main expenditure of an average British family is spent on food,which accounts for 25%of its total expenditure.nThe next two significant expending items are transport and housing,which are 15%and 12%respectively.If we take into account clothing and foot
17、wear,which makes up 10%,the four essentials of life,that is,food,transport,housing,and clothing and footwear,amount to(总计)62%of the total expenditure.示范段落出题形式n图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图,有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示,要求我们:n1)用文字描述图表,客观解释图表中所传递的信息,并找出某种规律或趋势;n2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。(一)首段的写作n不管是gr
18、aph还是table,都需要进行描述,一般放在文章的第一部分,长度宜适中。描述数据我们要首先看看是几个变量(A),每个变量有几个数据(B),不妨以A*B表示。n如果只有一个变量,有三个数据,可以描述如下:nFrom the chart we can see clearly that the average number of hours a student spends on Internet per week has increased from less than two hours in 1990 to nearly six hours in 1995,and then to nearl
19、y 20 hours in 2000.n如果是最常见的是2*3的情形,可以描述如下:nFrom the chart,we can see clearly that in a big city in China,state owned houses declined from 75%in 1990 to 60%in 1995 and then to 20%in 2000,while private houses rose from 25%to 40%and then to 80%during the same period.n这里用了while引起从句来突显对比,是一种非常好的办法,如果用两句话
20、来描述,也完全可以。n如果是1*n(n3)的情形,将头与尾描述出来即可,比较好的方法就是在句中描述最后一个与第一个相比变化了多少。n碰到多变量、每个变量多数据的情形,大家应首先进行分类,分成上升、下降两类,或者上升、下降、不变三类,这样问题就迎刃而解了。(四)图表作文基本模式 n(a)段落一:According to the figures given in the diagram/picture/pie chart,we can see that _ is increasing in the past _,while _ is decreasing.(从整体上对事物发展的趋势作概括)(最后再
21、强调观点)n(b)段落一:The chart gives us an overall picture of the _(图表主题).The first thing we notice is that_(图表最大特点).We can see from the statistics given that _(图表细节一).The figures also tells us that_(图表细节).(数据位置,如In the second column),we can see that _accounts for _(进一步描述).n图表作文常用的句型n(1)常用的开篇句型常用的开篇句型(即概述图表
22、内容时常用的即概述图表内容时常用的表达法表达法)n According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph,we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图,我们可知 n The table/graph reveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/points out)that 该表/图表明n As we can see from the table nAs can be seen from the line/bar graph nAs is shown(illustrated/
23、indicated)in the pie chart n如表/图所示,n From the graph,we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated 波动during the year of 1990.The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend.The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June.From June on,the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August.After August the rate began to decline remarkably,and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year.Therefore,its obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.n主题句/概述表格反映的内容(5)反映交通事故的变化情况(6)小结:总结表格数据反映的总趋势。范文
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