金融市场与金融机构第九章.ppt
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1、PartIVFinancialMarketsChapter9TheStockMarket1WhyFirmsBorrowToacquirenewassetsorreplaceexistingassetsThesecanbefinancedbyl linternalinternalfinancing(fromretainedfinancing(fromretainedearnings)earnings)l lexternalexternalfinancing(debtorequityissue)financing(debtorequityissue)Questions2CapitalMarkets
2、Originalmaturityisgreaterthanoneyear.Bestknowncapitalmarketsecurities:StocksandBondsStocksandBondsPrimaryissuersofsecurities:FederalandLocalGovernmentsFederalandLocalGovernmentsCorporationsCorporationsLargestpurchasersofsecurities:Households3 Ourgoalinthischapteristogeta“bigpicture”overviewofl lwhoo
3、wnsstocks,l lhowastockexchangeworks,l landhowtoreadandunderstandthestockmarketinformationreportedinthefinancialpress.ChapterPreviewGoal4ChapterOutline 1.InvestinginStocks2.ComputingthePriceofCommonStock 3.StockMarketIndexes5Stocksl lRepresentsownershipinafirml lEarnareturnintwowaysAppreciation/Depre
4、ciationthepriceofthestockrises/fallsovertimeCashFlows-dividendsarepaidtothestockholderperiodically6 Example720010年3月19日因实施10转增10股而出现向下的大缺口,但这并不意味着股价的下跌除权大缺口Example8宣布日宣布日登记日登记日除权除除权除息日息日支付日支付日例例:某上市公司某上市公司3 3月月8 8日公布上年度分红方案日公布上年度分红方案:在在3 3月月8 8日公司召日公司召开的股东大会上开的股东大会上,通过了董事会关于每股普通股分派股息通过了董事会关于每股普通股分派股
5、息1 1元元的年度分红方案的年度分红方案.所有在所有在3 3月月1818日前持有本公司股票的股东如日前持有本公司股票的股东如将在将在3 3月月1717日登记都将获得这一股利日登记都将获得这一股利.股利将在股利将在4 4月月4 4日发放日发放.在本例中在本例中,3,3月月8 8日即是股利的宣布日日即是股利的宣布日登记日就是登记日就是3 3月月1717日日3 3月月1818日就是除权除息日日就是除权除息日,在这天之后购入股票的投资者就不在这天之后购入股票的投资者就不能获得股利能获得股利,如果市场有效如果市场有效,股票价格会在这日下跌股票价格会在这日下跌4 4月月4 4日是股利的支付日日是股利的支付
6、日除息和除权除息和除权9 除权除权:在年度分红派息时在年度分红派息时,如果是送红股如果是送红股或者是配股或者是配股,称为除权称为除权.大盘显示大盘显示:XRxxx除息除息:在年度分红派息时在年度分红派息时,如果是分现金如果是分现金,称为除息称为除息.大盘显示大盘显示:DRxxx除权除息除权除息:在年度分红派息时在年度分红派息时,如果是既如果是既送红股或者是配股又分现金送红股或者是配股又分现金,称为除权除息称为除权除息.大盘显示大盘显示:XDxxx.除息和除权除息和除权10某股票股权登记日的收盘价是24.75元,每10股送3股,即每股送红股数为0.3,则次日除权报价为:pC=1+RspC-1Ex
7、ample24.75(10.3)=19.04(元)11某股票股权登记日的收盘价为某股票股权登记日的收盘价为18.00元,元,10股股配配3股,即每股配股数为股,即每股配股数为0.3,配股价为每股,配股价为每股6.00元,则次日除权价为:元,则次日除权价为:(18.006.000.3)(10.3)=15.23(元)(元)pC=1+RppC-1+Pp*RpExample12 某股票股权登记日的收盘价为某股票股权登记日的收盘价为20.35元,元,送送1股,配股,配2股,配股价为股,配股价为5.50元元/股,即股,即每股送每股送0.1股,配股,配0.2股,则次日除权价为:股,则次日除权价为:(20.3
8、55.500.2)(10.10.2)16.5(元)(元)pC=1+Rs+RppC-1+Pp*RpExample13某股票股权登记日的收盘价为某股票股权登记日的收盘价为20.35元,每元,每10股派发现金红利股派发现金红利4.00元,送元,送1股,配股,配2股,配股价为股,配股价为5.50元元/股,即每股分红股,即每股分红0.4元,送元,送0.1股,配股,配0.2股,则次日除权除股,则次日除权除息价为:息价为:pC=1+Rs+RppC-1+Pp*Rp-e(20.350.45.500.2)(10.10.2)16.19(元)(元)Example14Commonstockvs.Preferredsto
9、ckThefundamentalThefundamentalownershipclaimownershipclaiminapublicinapubliccorporationcorporationAhybridsecurityAhybridsecuritythathasthathascharacteristicsofcharacteristicsofbothbondsandbothbondsandcommonstockcommonstock15CharacteristicsofCommonStockDividendsDividendsVotingVotingRightsRightsResidu
10、alResidualClaimClaimLimitedLimitedLiabilityLiability16CharacteristicsofPreferredStockSimilartocommonstockinthatitrepresentsanSimilartocommonstockinthatitrepresentsanownershipinterestbut,likebonds,paysafixedownershipinterestbut,likebonds,paysafixedperiodicdividendperiodicdividendSeniortocommonstockbu
11、tjuniortobondsSeniortocommonstockbutjuniortobondsGenerallydonothavevotingrightsGenerallydonothavevotingrights17BluechipAstockBstockNstockHstock中国最大的证券中国最大的证券交易所交易所-上海证上海证券交易所券交易所18PrimaryandSecondaryMarketsOverviewPrimaryMarketl lfirmcanraiseequitycapitalinitsfirmcanraiseequitycapitalinitsinitial in
12、itial public offering public offering(IPO)(IPO)l lfirmcanraiseequitycapitalinasubsequentfirmcanraiseequitycapitalinasubsequentseasoned equity offering seasoned equity offering(SEO)(SEO)SecondaryMarketsl ltradingofsharesamonginvestorstradingofsharesamonginvestors19发行者发行者证交所证交所证券商证券商投资者投资者承销商承销商流通市场流通
13、市场发行市场发行市场(初级发行、再发行)(初级发行、再发行)(交易市场、二级市场)(交易市场、二级市场)证券投资咨询机构证券评级机构证券结算登记机构会计师事务所资产评估事务所律师事务所自律性组织20PublicIssuePublicIssue公公公公募募募募-Saleofbondsorstocktothegeneralpublic.ThedominantThedominantprivateplacementprivateplacementlenderinthisgrouplenderinthisgroupisthelife-insuranceisthelife-insurancecategor
14、y(pensioncategory(pensionfundsandbanktrustfundsandbanktrustdepartmentsaredepartmentsareveryactiveaswell).veryactiveaswell).PublicIssuevs.PrivateIssuePrivatePlacementPrivatePlacement私募私募私募私募-ThesaleofanentireThesaleofanentireissueofissueofunregisteredunregistered securities(usuallysecurities(usuallyb
15、onds)directlytoonebonds)directlytoonepurchaseroragroupofpurchaseroragroupofpurchasers(usuallypurchasers(usuallyfinancialintermediaries).financialintermediaries).PrimaryMarket21Initial public offerings(IPOs)l lFirst-time offering of shares to the publicFirst-time offering of shares to the publicl lFi
16、rm must provide information to publicFirm must provide information to publicl lRegistration statement to SECRegistration statement to SECl lProspectusProspectusl lFirm is assisted by an Firm is assisted by an investment bankerinvestment bankerl lPerformance of IPOsPerformance of IPOsl lPrice general
17、ly rises on first dayPrice generally rises on first dayl lLonger-term performance of IPOs is poorLonger-term performance of IPOs is poorPublicIssuehttp:/22Securitiesaresoldtohundreds,andoftenthousands,ofinvestorsunderaformalcontractoverseenbyfederalandstateregulatoryauthorities.Whenacompanyissuessec
18、uritiestothegeneralpublic,itisusuallyusestheservicesofaninvestmentbanker.PublicIssue23Afinancialinstitutionthatunderwrites承销承销(purchasesatafixedpriceonafixeddate)newsecuritiesforresale.InvestmentBanker Stocks Stocks Issuing Investment InvestorsCorporation Bank Funds Fundsfirm commitment underwriting
19、orbest efforts underwriting代销代销24Ifthesecurityissuedoesnotsellwell,Ifthesecurityissuedoesnotsellwell,eitherbecauseofanadverseturnintheeitherbecauseofanadverseturninthemarketorbecauseitisoverpriced,marketorbecauseitisoverpriced,thetheunderwriterunderwriter,notthecompany,takesthe,notthecompany,takesth
20、eloss.loss.UnderwritingUnderwriting-firm commitment underwritingfirm commitment underwriting.UnderwritingSyndicateUnderwritingSyndicate承销团承销团承销团承销团-Atemporary-Atemporarycombinationofinvestmentbankingfirmscombinationofinvestmentbankingfirmsformedtosellanewsecurityissue.formedtosellanewsecurityissue.2
21、5BestEffortsOffering-Asecurityofferinginwhichtheinvestmentbankersagreetouseonlytheirbesteffortstoselltheissuerssecurities.Theinvestmentbankersdonotcommittopurchaseanyunsoldsecurities.26SecondaryMarketsOrganizedexchangesOrganizedexchanges l lLargesU.S.ExchangeistheLargesU.S.ExchangeistheNYSENYSEl lOt
22、hersincludeNikkei,LSE,DAX,etc.OthersincludeNikkei,LSE,DAX,etc.l lListingrequirementsexcludesmallfirmsListingrequirementsexcludesmallfirmsl lMustownaseatonexchangeinordertotradeMustownaseatonexchangeinordertotradel lTradingresemblesanauctionTradingresemblesanauctionOver-the-countermarketsOver-the-cou
23、ntermarketsl lBestexampleisNASDAQBestexampleisNASDAQl lDealersstandreadytomakeamarketDealersstandreadytomakeamarketl lNotradingfloororspecificlocationNotradingfloororspecificlocationl lTelecommunicationsnetworkTelecommunicationsnetwork27按照组织程度将证券流通市场分为场内按照组织程度将证券流通市场分为场内交易市场和场外交易市场。国外还有第交易市场和场外交易市场。
24、国外还有第三市场、第四市场。三市场、第四市场。交易所交易所场外交场外交易市场易市场第三市场第三市场第四第四市场市场(场内交易市场)(场内交易市场)Secondary Markets28场内交易市场是由证券交易所组织的集中交易场内交易市场是由证券交易所组织的集中交易市场,有固定的交易场所和交易活动时间。证市场,有固定的交易场所和交易活动时间。证券交易所接受和办理符合有头法律法规的证券券交易所接受和办理符合有头法律法规的证券上市买卖,投资者则通过证券商在证券交易所上市买卖,投资者则通过证券商在证券交易所进行证券买卖。进行证券买卖。l l场外市场又称场外市场又称“店头市场店头市场”或或“柜台市场柜台
25、市场”,主要是指在证券交易所之外形成的证券,主要是指在证券交易所之外形成的证券交易市场。交易对象主要是未上市的证券,交易市场。交易对象主要是未上市的证券,由证券商和证券公司以自营的方式进行买卖。由证券商和证券公司以自营的方式进行买卖。29l l第三市场是场外交易市场的一部分,实际上是第三市场是场外交易市场的一部分,实际上是第三市场是场外交易市场的一部分,实际上是第三市场是场外交易市场的一部分,实际上是“已上市证券的场外交易市场已上市证券的场外交易市场已上市证券的场外交易市场已上市证券的场外交易市场”。主要是为适。主要是为适。主要是为适。主要是为适应大额投资者的需要发展起来的,参加者都是应大额投
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