2022年高考英语考点突破专题06介词及介词短语（解析版）.pdf

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1、专题0 6介词及介词短语备战2022年高考英语精选考点专项突破一、基础达标训练I.They felt the ground shaking their feet.【答案】beneath【详解】考查介词。句意：他们感到脚下的地面在震动。根据句意可知，此处使用介词beneath,表示“在之下”。故填 beneath,2.I will try to measure myself these standards as our friendship develops.【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：随着我们友谊的发展，我会尝试用这些标准来衡量自己。介词b y,表示通过某种方式、方法或手段。根据句意，

2、故填by。3.The scientists have found a new cure this disease.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：科学家们发现了治疗这种疾病的新方法.短语a cure for 一个治疗的方法”。故填for。4.There is no point of being upset it.【答案】about【详解】考查介词。句意：为此烦恼是没有意义的。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语be upset about 对感 到 烦 恼 故 填 about,5.His bad conduct had an effect his reputation.【答案】on【详

3、解】考查介词。句意：他的不良行为影响了他的声誉。have an e徐ct on 对有影响 是固定短语。介词。n 表示“关 于 故 填 on。6.My arms ached carrying all the groceries.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：我的胳膊因为搬了这么多东西而疼。表示“因.而疼痛”为 ache from。故填from。7.Everyone admires him his fine sense of humor.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：每个人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。admire sb for s th,表示“因而钦佩某人”，此处表示原因，故填for

4、。8.the help of the teacher,!realized the importance of English,so I decided to learn English well.【答案】With【详解】考查介词。句意：在老师的帮助下，我意识到英语的重要性，因此我决定将英语学好。此处是短语with theh e l p 在某人的帮助下”。故填With。9.More than 50 species of fish have been found to eat plastic trash（垃圾）at sea.This is bad news,not only for fishbut

5、 also for humans who rely on fish food.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：人们发现有5 0 多种鱼类在海里吃塑料垃圾。这不仅对鱼类，而且对以鱼类为食的人类来说都是坏消息。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是使用介词for“为得到”，意为 为得到食物而依赖鱼类故填for。10.Id like to buy a car my own,but I dont have enough money.【答案】of【详解】考查介词。句意：我想买一辆自己的车，但我的钱不够。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语of onesown 属 于 某 人 自 己 的 故 填 of。1

6、1_ his failure,he didnt lose heart in his work.【答案】Despite【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管失败了，他在工作中并没有丧失信心。根据后半句he didnt lose heart in his work可知前半句表示的是一种让步转折的情况，由名词his failure可知此处要用介词despite 尽管，不管，句首字母要大写。故填Despite。12.The movie is nearly two hours length.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意：这部电影差不多有两个小时长。in length 1 4在长度上”。故填in。13.You

7、 need to improve a variety of s k i l l s,(i n c l u d e)leadership and organizing skill.【答案】including【详解】考查介词。句意：你需要提高各种技能，包括领导能力和组织能力。分析可知，此处用介词including“包括”符合句意和句子结构。故填including。14.Many college students went to the poor a r e a,t he intention of helping the needy there.【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句意：许多大学生去贫

8、困地区，目的是帮助那里的穷人。with the intention of doing sth“怀着做某事的意图”为固定短语。故填with。15.I hope you find the best way to live peace.【答案】in【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：我希望你能找到最好的和平生活的方式。介词短语in peace表示“和平地，安宁地”，在此句中可做状语修饰动词liv e,符合题意。故填in。16.Were going to keep in touch,so I now have someone to practice Fr ench!【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句 意

9、:我们会保持联系的，所以我现在有人可以和我练习法语了。介词with的意思是“和在一起，具 有 此 处 指 和 某 人 一 起 练 习 故 填 with。17.Gold shore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster any loss of life.【答案】without【详解】考查介词。句意：金海岸海滩是当地唯一一个，在灾难中幸存下来，没有人员伤亡的海滩。根据设空前survivethe disaster,可知此处指没有任何人员的伤亡。w ithout,意为“没有，故填without。18.The poor boy di

10、dnt know what to do,so he went to ask a favour his teacher.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：这个可怜的男孩不知道怎么办，所以他去请老师帮个忙。固定短语ask a favour from sb.表示“向请 求 帮 助 故 填 from。19.Their lives are a far cry his own poor childhood.【答案】from【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句 意:他们的生活与他自己贫穷的童年大不相同。短 语 far cry from表示 与.天壤之别，大 相 径 庭 故 填 from。20.We have

11、promoted our sales 15%this month than we did last month.【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：我们这个月的销售额比上个月提高了 15%。介词b y,表示幅度，后接百分比。故填by。21.Being bad terms with your neighbors can make your life frustrating.【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意：与邻居关系不好会让你的生活变得沮丧。be on bad terms with 与关系不好”，符合句意，故填on。22.They equipped themselves guns and se

12、t off for the forest.【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句意:他们带上枪，向森林出发了。表示“用.装备”为固定短语equip.with。故填with。23.In spite this,the number of people having mobile phones is increasing steadily.【答案】of【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：尽管如此，拥有手机的人数正在稳步增长。in spite。广尽管”是固定短语，介词固定搭配。故填Of。24.I dont know how he will fit with others in the voluntary w

13、ork.【答案】in【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我不知道在志愿工作中他将如何与别人配合。fit in with与相适应。根据句意，故填in。25.I wonder how relevant chemistry is these students,most of whom will be going back to their villageafter Year 8 anyway.【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意：我想知道化学跟这些学生有多大关系呢?他们中的大多数人八年级后就会回到他们的村庄。分析句子可知,how引导宾语从句,表示“多么地，relevant是 is 的表语,be relevan

14、t to与.有关”是固定短语，故填to26.For fear of being laughed at,he has decided to withdraw the competition.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：因为害怕被嘲笑，他决定退出比赛。根据句意可知，withdraw the competition.意为从比赛中退出，空处缺少介词“从”，故填27.With this information hand,you will be well equipped to advise others.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意：掌握这些信息，你就能很好地给别人提供建议。根据句意可

15、知，空处与hand组成短语意为拥有，in hand意为在掌握中，在手中。符合句意。故填in。28.Dont leave the bread on the table after it was bought from bakery;it will dry.【答案】out【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：不要把面包从面包店买来后放在桌上；它会变干的。固定搭配dry out（变干）。故填out。29.His nationality is not relevant whether he is a good singer.【答案】10【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：他的国籍与他是否是一个好

16、歌手无关。固定搭配be relevant to（与有关）。故填tOo30.Sichuan is home pandas,and also the starting point of the Southern Silk Road.【答案】to【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：四川是熊猫的故乡，也是南方丝绸之路的起点。固定搭配be home to.（的家园。故填to。31.Mother always complains that children wear their shoes very quickly.【答案】out【详解】考查固定短语。句意：母亲总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋穿坏了。wear

17、 out是固定短语，意为：穿破；穿坏。故填OUto32.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients name,not case number.【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：现在有些医院叫病人的名字，而不是病例编号。分析句子可知，设空处应为介词，意为“通过，按照”,故填by。33.A well-written composition calls the good choice of words and clear organization.【答案】for【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：一篇写得好的作文要求选词得当，条理清晰。短语call for是固定搭配

18、，意为“要求，需要”，该空缺少介词f o r,故填for。34.The airline suggests booking tickets 21 days advance.【答案】in【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：航空公司建议提前21天订票。根据空后advance可知，该空应填介词i n,固定短语in advance”提前，可做状语。故填in。35.Hunters killed some rare animals mercy and now the number of them is sharply decreasing.【答案】without【详解】考查介词。句意：猎人毫不留情地猎杀了一些珍

19、稀动物，现在它们的数量急剧下降。根据句中Hunters killedsome rare animals及 the number of them is sharply decreasing可知，猎人对珍惜动物的猎杀是不带有丝毫同情心的，without mercy”好不留情地，残忍地”，结合设空后的m ercy,故填without。36.While his interest in these sports began to die down,a passion football developed.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：当他对这些运动的兴趣逐渐减退时，却产生了对足球的热情。根据句意

20、及空前passion可知,此处使用介词f o r,构成短语a passion fbr 对的 强 烈 爱 好;热 爱 故 填 此 37.During the last three decades,the number of people who participate physical fitness programmes hasincreased sharply.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意：在过去的三十年里，参加身体健康项目的人的数量已经急剧增长。根据句子结构可知，此处应填介词i n,即 participate in 意为“参加”，故填in。38.No unifonnity shoul

21、d be imposed since conditions vary place to place.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：由于每个地方的条件不同，因此不应施加一致性。短语vary from。.，意为“从到变化”，结合句中提示，所以此处填介词from。故填from。39.The idea developed inch inch in his mind until he perfected it.【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：这个想法在他头脑中逐渐形成，直到他使之完善为止。本题考查固定短语inch by inch,表示“逐渐地”，故填by。40.As he describe

22、d in his book,receiving this award was just a dream come true.【答案】like【详解】考查介词。句意：正如他在书中所描述的，获得这个奖项就像梦想成真一样。justlike为固定短语，意为“正如,就 像“。故填like。二、能力提升训练1.We didnt see anyone all day,a couple of kids on the beach.A.regardless of B.despite C.apart from D.instead of【答案】C【详解】考查介词和固定短语辨析。句意：除了在海滩上的几个孩子外，我们一整

23、天没看见任何人。A.regardless of不管，不 顾;B.despite即使,尽管；C.apart from除了，除.之外；D.instead o f代替，而不是。根据句意可知此处表示除了几个孩子外，我们没看见任何人。故选C。2.There is currently no effective vaccine malaria.A.against B.in C.with D.of【答案】A【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：目前没有有效的疟疾疫苗。A.against反对，预防，抵御；B.in 在里，在期间；C.with和一起，具有，随着：D.o f属于，关于.的。此处指预防，抵御疟疾，故选A。3.M

24、ost of the major cities of the world suffer traffic jam.A.for B./C.to D.from【答案】D【详解】考查介词及短语。句意：世界上大多数的大城市都遭受交通拥堵。A.for为；C.to对；D.from从。分析句意及句子结构可知，本题考查动词短语suffer fro m,意为“遭受，经受”，故选D 项。4.my opinion,English is a very important subject and you should study hard.A.Under B.In C.To D.On【答案】B【详解】考查介词及短语。句意

25、：在我看来，英语是一门非常重要的学科，你应该努力学习。A.Under在下面；B.In在里面；。口至人去；D.O n在上面。分析句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in onesopiZon意为“在 某 人 看 来:故 选 B 项。5.It reminded me blue cheese.A.of B.to C.for D.into【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语。句意：它使我想起了蓝纹奶酪。remind sb.of sth.是一个固定短语，意为：使某人想起某物。故选Ao6.If you study hard,you will pass the National Matriculation Engli

26、sh Test.A.from then on B.from now onC.since then D.from time to time【答案】B【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：如果你从现在开始努力学习，你就会通过全国大学入学英语考试。A.from thenon从那时起;B.from now on从现在起；C.since then从那时起；D.from time to time偶尔。根据句意可知，此处表达“从现在起你开始努力学习“，所以用from now on作时间状语。故选B。7.the heavy snow,he was late for school.A.As a result of

27、 B.After all C.Anyway D.Otherwise【答案】A【详解】考查j 介词短语/副词辨析。句意：因为大雪，他上学迟到了。A.As a result of因为；B.After a ll毕竟;C.Anyway无论如何；D.Otherwise否则。根据“he was late for school”可知，他迟到是因为大雪。故选A 项。8.Im also reminded the danger they are in.A.to B.in C.with D.of【答案】D【详解】考查介词。句意：这也提醒了我他们所处的危险。分析句子可知，remind与介词o f 搭配构成短语remi

28、nd sbof s th,其被动形式为be reminded of sth被提醒某事，故选D。9.We should learn to exist in with nature.A.harmonious B.life C.live D.harmony【答案】D【详解】考查介词和名词的搭配。句意：我们应该学会与自然和谐共处。A.harmonious和谐的，形容词：B.life生活,名 词；C.live过.的生活,动词；D.harmony和谐,名词。题干考查短语in harmony w ith,意思为:与和谐相处，为固定搭配。故选D 项。10_ the problems theyve faced,

29、they are happy with the life they lead.A.In terms of B.Regardless of C.Rather than D.So long as【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：不管他们曾经面临过什么问题，他们对自己的生活很满意。A.In terms o f 依据；按照；B.Regardlessof不管；不顾：C.Rathcr than而不是；D.So long a s只要。根据语境可知此处指不管遇到什么问题，本句中是介词短语作状语。故选B。11.The speech the minister made on TV the educatio

30、n reform made both teachers and students excited.A.being concerned B.to concern C.concerned D.concerning【答案】D【详解】考查介词。句意：部长在电视上发表的关于教育改革的讲话使教师和学生都很兴奋。分析可知，the education在句中作定语，concerning介词，意为 关于，符合语境，此处为介词短语作后置定语。故选D 项。12.He fell from the bike and broke his l eg_,he will have to be away from sch o o

31、l.A.As a consequence B.As a result C.In consequence D.A,B and C【答案】D【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他从自行车上摔下来摔断了腿。因此，他将不能去上学。A.As a consequence因此；B.As a result因此；C.In consequence因此。根据句意，可知空格后句子是空前句子的结果，这三个短语都满足要求，故选D。13.She speaks to ot her s,A.in a friendly manner B.in a friend mannerC.with a friendly manner D.with

32、a friend manner【答案】A【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：她以友好的方式和别人说话。ina/an.manner”以的方式”，根据句意，此处表示“以友好的方式 ，可知应用形容词friendly作 manner的定语，friendly以辅音音素开头，故选A。14.You should apologize her your rudeness（粗鲁）.A.to;for B.for;to C.to;to D.for;for【答案】A【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：你应该为你的粗鲁向她道歉。根据句意，to 为介词，表对象或方向，“（引出接受者）给,予，向”，for为介词,表原因，意为“因为;由于”，

33、咽某事向某人道歉”应译为apologizeto sb.for s th.,综上，故选 A15.You may go on to work on the s e c ond.,you have worked out the first problem.A.All in all B.In all C.After all D.At all【答案】C【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：你可以继续做第二件事。毕竟，你已经解决了第一个问题。A.All in a ll总的来说；B.In a ll总共；合计；C.After a ll毕竟；D.At a ll常用于否定句，意思是“根本不；一点 也 不 结 合 句 意 以

34、及选项意思，可知应用“after all”合适，故选C。16_ his son away to college,the old couple got more room in the house.A.As B.For C.Through D.With【答案】D【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着儿子去上大学，这对老夫妇在家里有了更多的空间。A.A s作为：B.F or为了；C.Through通过；D.With随着。分析可知，前半句为with的符合结构，his so n 为 with的宾语，away tocollege为宾语补足语，而其他三个作为介词直接接名词，没有这样的结果。故选D。17.hi

35、s sister,he is fond of swimming very much.A.Likely B.Unlike C.Dislike D.Like【答案】B【详解】考查介词。句意：不像他的姐姐，他非常喜欢游泳。A.Likely可 能 的（形容词）;B.Unlike不像；C.Dislike不 喜 欢（动词）；D.Like像，喜欢。分析可知，句中缺少介词，故排除AC项；再结合句意，此处意为“不像他的姐姐“，用 unlike“不像”符合语境。故选B。18.After the class was over,Li Ping apologized the teacher his coming lat

36、e.A.for;to B.because;to C.to;because D.to;for【答案】D【详解】考查固定短语。句意：下课后，李平为他的迟到向老师道歉。apologize to sb.for sth.为固定短语，意为“为某事 向 某 人 道 歉 故 选 D。19.Playing computer games has a great influence our study.A.in B.on C.for D.to【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：玩电脑游戏对我们的学习有很大的影响。A.in 在某时间（某地点）；B.on在上面：C.for为了；D.to 向，朝。have an inf

37、luence on为固定短语，意为“对.有影响。故选B。20.The boy charged me 60 yuan mending my computer.A.in B.for C.about D.to【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个男孩为修理我的电脑向我收了 60元钱。结合句意表示“为做某事向某人收费多少”短语为 charge sb.money for doing sth.。故选 B。21.The judge scolded the lawyer because he didnt keep his remarks to the topic,discussion.A.on B.wit

38、hin C.at D.under【答案】D【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：法官斥责律师，因为他没有把他的言论紧扣正在讨论的话题。介词under可表示“正在过程中”。结合句意，分析句子可知，under与 discussion构成介词短语，作后置定语修饰名词 the to p ic,表示“正在讨论中的话题其它几个介词无法与discussion搭配。故选D 项。22.People often life a journey which is full of ups and downs.A.compare;with B.compare;to C.compares;with D.compares;

39、for【答案】B【详解】考查动词时态和介词搭配。句意：人们经常把生活比作一个充满了起起落落的旅程。本句主语为复数名词p e o p le,一般现在时谓语动词应用动词原形，故排除C D 两项；compare A with B”把 A 同 B 作比较“不符合句意,compare A to B 意为“把 A 比作B”,符合句意，此时，compare意为“比喻；比 拟 故 选 B 项。23.You shouldnt have quarrelled with the customs o f f ic ia l.h e lp in g the situation,you just made it wors

40、e.A.In spite of B.Apart from C.Far from D.Regardless of【答案】C【详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：你本不应该和海关官员争吵。你不但没帮上忙，反而让情况更糟了。A.In spiteo f尽管；B.Apart from除了.以外；C.Far from远远不，根本不；D.Regardless o f不管，不理会。根据语境及后文“you just made it worse”可知，“你”做的事，没有任何帮助，根本帮不上忙。故选C 项。24.Nowadays,many of the young take their parents love an

41、d contribution for granted,doing nothing forit.A.on the horizon B.in contrast C.on standby D.in return【答案】D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如今，很多年轻人把父母的爱和奉献视作理所当然，不做任何事情来回报他们。A.on the horizon在地平线;B.in contrast对 比;C.on standby准备待命;D.in return回报。分析句子可知,把父母的爱视作理所当然，根据本句的nothing可知，不做任何事情来回报父母，短语in return for作为回报,故选D。25.

42、the audiences great demand,the play will be put in the theatre twice a week.A.In response to B.With regard toC.In contrast to D.Compared to【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：应观众的强烈要求，这部戏将每周在剧院上演两次。A.In response to 响应；B.With regard to 关于;C.In contrast to 与.对比；D.Compared to 相比。根据后文“the audiences great dcmand以及“the

43、play will be put in the theatre twice a week”句意可知，此处指“应观众的要求“，所以 In response to“响应 符合句意。故选A 项。26.the high cost in human life,the D-Day landings were success and were seen widely as the beginningof the end of the Second World War.A.Beyond B.Despite C.Behind D.Next to【答案】B【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管付出了高昂的生命代价，

44、诺曼底登陆是成功的，并被广泛视为第二次世界大战结束的开始。A.Beyond超越；B.Despite尽管；C.Behind在.的后面；D.Next to 紧挨着。根据句意可知，“the high cost in human life”（付出 了高昂的生命代价）与“the D-Day landings were success”（诺曼底登陆是成功的）是让步关系，故选B。27.He held on the rock to stop himself slipping.A.of B.with C.at D.to【答案】D【详解】考查介词。句意：他紧紧抓住岩石以免自己往下滑。固定搭配holdontosh/

45、sb.“抓紧，不放开”，符合句意，故选D。28.My sister was against my plan while my brother was it.A.in honor of B.in memory of C.in need of D.in favor of【答案】D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我姐姐反对我的计划，而我哥哥赞成。A.in honor o f 向致敬，为庆祝；B.inmemory o f为纪念.；C.in need o f需要 时;D.in favor o f有利于,赞成。此处是由while“然而”连接的从句,与主句意思形成对比，根据My sister was aga

46、inst my plan可知此处表示哥哥赞成我的计划。故选D 项。29.my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.A.In many ways B.In the way C.In no way D.On the way【答案】A【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在很多方面，我的残疾帮助我在心理上变得更强大，更独立。A.In many ways在很多方面;B.In the way 挡道;C.In no way 绝 不;D.On the way 在途中。根据my disabi

47、lity has helped me growstronger psychologically and become more independent.”可知，残疾在很多方面使得心理上变得更强大，更独立。故选A。30.Luis is a lot of stress right now because he has been addicted drugs.A.on;to B.under;to C.with;into D.in;in【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：路易斯现在压力很大，因为他染上了毒瘾。under stress为固定用法，意为“处于压力之下”；be addicted to 为固

48、定短语，意为“沉溺于，对上瘾）故选B。31.I have heard of the famous scholar thousands of times but haven?t seen him.A.in the flesh B.in personal C.in flesh D.in private【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我无数次听说那位著名学者，但没有见过他本人。A.in the flesh本人，亲自；B.in personal无此搭配;C.in flesh肥胖；D.in private私下地。结合上文，表示听说过学者,没有见过本人,in the flesh符合语境。故选A。

49、32.Nobody knows for sure who possessed the ancient flower vase.In other words,nobody knows for sure who isof the flower vase.A.in possession B.in the possession C.of the possession D.with possession【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：没有人确切知道谁拥有这个古老的花瓶。换句话说，没有人确切知道谁拥有这个花瓶。in possession o f为固定短语，意为 拥有；in the possess

50、ion o f为固定短语，意为“被 占 有 此处表示“拥 有 故 选 A。33.How come the front wheel of the truck has been?The load was too heavy.A.in shape【答案】BB,out of shapeC.in workD.out of work【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这辆卡车的前轮怎么变形了?负载太重了。A.in shape在外形上；处于良好状态；B.out of shape 走样;C.in work 有工作；在完成之中;D.out of work 失业。根据The load was too heavy.”可知，