冀教版小学六年级英语语法总结.pdf

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1、2008-2009学年小学六年级英语语法练习2008-2009学年小学六年级英语语法练习一、名词复数规则1.般情况下，直接 力 口-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾，力 口-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberrystrawberries4.以f或 fb结尾，变 f 或 fe为 v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数

2、：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数I him this herwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstooth_sheep_box_strawberry _thief_yo-yo_ _ peach_ _ sandwich _man woman

3、paper juicewater milk rice tea二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍No.1 一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be动词注语+be（am,is,are+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词（+其它。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

4、当主语为第三人称单数（he,she,it时,要在动词后加-s或-es。如:Mary likesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+don，t(doesnt+动词原形(+其它。如：I don*t like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定

5、句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do(Does+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以 s.x.sh.ch.o 结

6、尾，力 口 es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelook_ have_ _pass_ _ carry _come_ watch_ _plant_ _ fly一studybrushdoteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He o f t e n(h a v e dinner at home.2.Daniel and T o m m y(b e in Cla

7、ss One.3.We(n o t watch TV on Monday.4.Ni c k(n o t go to the zoo on Sunday.5.t h e y(l i k e the World Cup?6.What they o f t e n(d o on Saturdays?7.your p a r e n t s(r e a d newspapers every day?8.The g i r l(t e a c h us English on Sundays.9.She and I(t ake a walk together every evening.10.T h e

8、r e(b e some water in the bottle.11.Mi ke(like cooking.12.T h e y(h a v e the same hobby.13.My a u n t(l o o k after her baby carefully.14.You a l w a y s(d o your homework well.15.1(be ill.Tm staying in bed.16.Sh e(g o to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Ta o(d o not like PE.18.The child o f t e

9、 n(w a t c h TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Y a n g(h a v e eight lessons this term.20.-What d a y(b e it today?三、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加note4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+

10、动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1 .一般情况下，直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 力 口 ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim makego like write skiread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所给

11、的动词的正确形式填空：l.The boy(drawa picture now.2.Listen.Some girls(singin the classroom.3.My mother(cook some nice food now.4.What you(do now?5.Look.They(have an English lesson.6.They(not,water the flowers now.7.Look!the gi rl s(dance in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?S h e(l i s t e n to m

12、usic.9.Ifs 5 oclock now.We(h a v e s u p p e r now10 .He l e n(wa s h clothes?Yes,she is.、将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year.,soon,the day afterto morrow(后天等。二、基本结构:be going to+do;will+do.三、否定句:在be动词(am,is,arel后加not或情态动词w ill后加not成worTt。例如:Im going

13、 to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic thisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或w ill提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on anouting this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon.一Whos going t

14、o New Yorksoon.2.问干什么 o What.do.例如:My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候 When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she goingto bed?六、同 义句:be going to=willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天.=I will go swimming

15、 tomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球。What next Monday?I_play basketball.What you do next Monday?I play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。your mother go shopping this?Yes,she.She buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time you

16、meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping 改否定Nancy going to go camping.6.Til go and join them.（改否定I go join them.7.Tm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after

17、school.（对划线部分提问she after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.（同上going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day.We（have a picnic this afternoon.12.My br ot her(go to Shanghai next week.13.Tom of t en(go to school on foot.But to

18、day is rain.He(go to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends?I u s u a l l y(w a t c h TV and(catch insects?15.Its Friday today.What s he(do this weekend?She(watch TV and(cat ch insects.16.Wha t(dO you do last Sunday?I(pick apples on afarm.What(do next Sunday?I(milk cows.17.Ma r y(vi s

19、i t her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao(f l y kites in the playground yesterday.19.Davi d(gi ve a puppet show next Monday.20.1(plan for my study now五、一般过去时L 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：(Dam和 is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt(2)are 在一般过去时中变为 were。(were

20、not=weren,t带有was或 were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或 were后加not,一般疑问句把was或 were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didnt+动词原形，如:Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式？如:Who went to home yeste

21、rday?动词过去式变化规则：1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.结尾是 e 加 d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母,再 力 口 -ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y 为 i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-too

22、k,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat 过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktaste_ _eat_ _draw_ _put_throw_ _kick_ _ pass_ _ do_Be动词的过去时练习（1Name No.Da t e一、用 be动词的适当形式填空1.

23、1 at school just now.2.He at the camp last week.3.W e students two years ago.4.They on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6.There an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1.It was exciti

24、ng.否定句:般疑问句:肯、否定回答:2.All the students were veryexcited.否定句:般疑问句:肯、否定回答:3.They were in his pocket.否定句:般疑问句:肯、否定回答:Be动词的过去时练习（2Name No.Da t e一、用 be动词的适当形式填空1.1 an English teacher now.2.She happy yesterday.3.They glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy good friends.5.The little dog two year

25、s old this year.6.Look,there lots of grapes here.7.There a sign on the chair on Monday.8.Today the second of June.Yesterday the first of June.ItChildrens Day.All the students very excited.一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.He(l i ve in Wuxi two years ago.2.The cat(eat a bird last night.3.We(h a v e a party last Hallow

26、een.4.N a n c y(p i c k up oranges on the farm last week.5.1(ma k e a model ship with Mike yesterday.6.T h e y(p l a y chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7.My m o t h e r(c o o k a nice food last Spring Festival.8.The g i r l s(s i n g a n d(d a n c e at the party.行为动词的过去时练习(2Name No.Da t e一、用 be

27、动词的适当形式填空1.1(watch a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her f a t h e r(r e a d a newspaper last night.3.W e to zoo yesterday,we to the park,(go4.y o u(v i s i t your relatives last Spring Festival?5.he(f l y a kite on Sunday?Yes,he.6.Gao S h a n(p u l l up carrots last National Day holiday.7.1(sweep the floor y

28、esterday,but my mother8.What s h e(f i n d in the garden last morning?She(find a beautiful butterfly.过去时综合练习(1Name No.Da t e一、用动词的适当形式填空1.I t(be Bens birthday last Friday.2.We a l l(h a v e a good time last night.3.He(j u mp high on last Sports Day.4.He l e n(mi l k a cow on Friday.5.She likes newsp

29、apers,but she a book yesterday,(read6.He football now,but they basketball just now.(play7.Jims mo t h e r(p l a n t trees just now.8.t h e y(s we e p the floor on Sunday?No,t he y.9.1(wa t c h a cartoon on Monday.10.We(go to school on Sunday过去时综合练习(2Name No.Da t e一、用动词的适当形式填空1.I t(be the 2nd of Nove

30、mber yesterday.Mr Wh i t e(g o to his office by car.2.Gao S h a n(p u t the book on his head a moment ago.3.Dont the house.Mum it yesterday,(clean4.What you just now?I some housework,(do5.T h e y(ma k e a kite a week ago.6.1 want to apples.But my dad all of them last month,(pick7he the flowers this

31、morning?Yes,he.(water8.S h e(b e a pretty girl.Look,s h e(d o Chinese dances.9.The students o f t e n(d r a w some pictures in the art room.10.What Mike do on the farm?He cows,(milk六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可

32、用宾格。2.形容词加e r的规则：一般在词尾加er;以字母e 结尾，加 r;以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er;以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y 变 i,再加er3.不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-more beautiful二、副词的比较级1.形容词与副词的区别（有 be用形,有形用be;有动用副，有副用动在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同（不规则变化:well-better,far-farther三、练习一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级o

33、ldyoung_talllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavy_ light_nice_ _ good_ _ beautiful_lowhighslowfastlate_early_far_well_二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.My brother is two years（oldthan me.2.Tom is as(f at as Jim.3.Is your s i s t e r(y o u n g than you?Yes,she is.4.Who i s(t h i n,y o u or Helen?Helen is.5.Whose penci

34、l-box i s(b i g,y o u r s or hers?Hers is.6.Marys hair is as(l ong as Lucys.7.Be n(j u mp(h i g h than some of the boys in his class.8.Nancy s i ng(we l l than Helen?Yes,she.9.Fangfang is not as(t al l as the other girls.lO.My eyes ar e(bi g t h a n(s h e.11.Which i s(h e a v y,t h e elephant or the

35、 pig?12.Who gets u p(e a r l y,T i m or Tom?13.the girls get u p(e a r l y than the b o y s?N o,th e y.14.Jim r u n s(s l o w.But Ben r u n s(s l o w.15.The child d o e s n t(w r i te a s(f a s t as the students.七、There be句型与have,has的区别1、There be句型表示:在某地有某物(或人2、在 there be句型中，主语是单数,be动词用is;主语是复数,be动词

36、用are;如有几件物品,be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。3 there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4 there be句型与have(has的区别:there be表示在某地有某物(或人;have(has表示某人拥有某物。5 some和 any在 there be句型中的运用:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和 o r在 there be句型中的运用:and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词

37、+is there+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats+介词短语？九、用 am,is,are填空1.1 a b o y.y o u a boy?No,I not.2.The girl Jacks sister.3.The dog tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes a teacher.5.y our brother in the classroom?6.Where your mother?She at home.7.How your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao at school.9.Whose dres

38、s this?10.Whose socks they?11.That my red skirt.12.Who I?13.The jeans on the desk.14.Here a scarf for you.15.Here some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk for me.19.Some tea in the glass.20.Gao shans shirt over there.21.My sis

39、ters name Nancy.22.This not Wang Fang*s pencil.23.David and Helen from England?24.There a girl in the room.25.There some apples on the tree.26.t here any kites in the classroom?27.t here any apple juice in the bottle?28.There some bread on the plate.29.There a boy,two girls,three men and ten women in the park.30.You,he and I from China.一 be的用法口诀！我用am,你用are,is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is,复数名词全用are0变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易,be后 not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。十七 巧记以o 结尾加es的词A.两 人 两 菜”(hero,negro,potato,tomato