【高考英语】2020-2022届三年上海市杨浦区高三模拟试卷专项突破专题03 完形填空（含解析）.pdf

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1、【高考英语】2020-2022届三年上海市杨浦区高三模拟试卷专项突破专题0 3完形填空上海市杨浦区2022届高三一模英语试卷Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesmarked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.It is a tradition of corporate architecture.A companys top

2、executives get offices on the top floorwith the biggest windows and best views.However,nowadays some bosses choose to“hot-dW （轮用办公桌）with everyone else.One argument fbr such a（n）41 can be made.Staff morale（士气）would42 if the employees are stuffed in open-plan offices while the executives occupy the ci

3、ousoffices.When the executives sit alongside their teams,they will be more in touch with how projectsare going and how staff are feeling.In theory,if the executives are 43,employees are morelikely to approach them with problems.But the bosses present all the time may 44 hurt morale.One of the joys o

4、f office life isthe freedom to enjoy a bit of joking with colleagues.This may include the odd joke about the45.In the presence of their boss,staff will be 46 in what they talk about and thetone of their comments.They may feel the need to sound serious at all times,for fear that the qualityof their c

5、ommitment to their work come into doubt.47、the manager may be right behindthem.You also have to wonder whether executives will really spend every morning searching fbr aplace to sit.Some hot desks will be a lot hotter than others.Once the chief financial officer has pickeda desk on day one,the junio

6、r staff will 48 that particular spot on subsequent days.In contrast,anyone who works closely with a particular executive will be 49 to pick a desk close by.The lingering（逗留不走的）boss presents other 50.Anyone who has worked in anopen-plan office will acknowledge that other colleagues,talking can make i

7、t hard to 51 at第1页/总10页times.Managers may find themselves constantly being approached by team members with questionsor problems fbr them to solve.Many people resort to headphones to shut out the background noise andto 52 their unavailability.But if managers do that,they run the risk of seeming shut

8、off fromtheir colleagues.One study found that at firms that 53 to open-plan design,face-to-face interactions fellby 70%.Like an animal caught on open ground without cover,many people do not like beingconstantly observed.In the 54 of a physical barrier,they create a fourth wall,55their desire fbr pri

9、vacy by facial expressions or brief replies to questions.41.A.imageB.shiftC.communityD.assembly42.A.spillB.surfaceC.sufferD.survive43.A.reliableB.capableC.manageableD.visible44 A.initiallyB.definitelyC.officiallyD.equally45 A.managementB.developmentC.experimentD.department46.A.unclearB.unwelcomeC.un

10、easyD.unfortunate47.A.At leastB.After allC.In factD.In short48.A.steer clear ofB.keep track ofC.fall short ofD.get rid of49.A.remindedB.temptedC.assuredD.warned50.A.purposesB.promisesC.protestsD.problems51.A.commentB.concentrateC.calculateD.communicate52.A.signalB.concealC.reverseD.avoid53.A.subject

11、edB.appliedC.switchedD.admitted54.A.presenceB.relevanceC.absenceD.preference55.A.creditingB.interpretingC.substitutingD.indicating上海市杨浦区2021届高三一模英语试卷Bad Dreams Are Good!Most of us dream,whether we remember them or not.What are dreams fbr?A handful of(41)第2页/总10页dominate.Sigmund Freud famously mainta

12、ined that they reveal hidden truths and wishes.More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions,or perhaps sort throughand strengthen memories,or(42)random neuron(神经元)activity,or prepare responsesto threatening situations.Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary func

13、tion,but simply(43)personal concerns.Despite being largely unsupported by(44),Freuds view maintains a strong followingaround the world.Researchers found that students in the U.S.,South Korea,and India were muchmore likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to accept better(45)theories.In t

14、hesame study,respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more(46)than an official warning about a terrorist attack.Even if dreams cant foretell the future,they seem to(47)our shared fascinations.The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep(深度睡眠)cycles,of which the average pe

15、rson has four or five a night.A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics include school,falling,being chased,and arriving too late fbr something.For all the commonalities dreams(48),they vary across time and culture-people who grew up watching black-and-white TV aremo

16、re likely to dream in black and white.A 1958 study(49)that compared with Japanesepeople,Americans dreamed more about being locked up,losing a loved one,finding money,being(50)dressed or encountering a mad person.Japanese people were more likely to dream aboutschool,trying repeatedly to do something,

17、being paralyzed with fear,or“wild,violent beasts.Ifhuman dreams sound(51),bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects.In a study of students taking a French medical school entrance exam,60 percent of the dreamsthey had beforehand(52)a problem with the exam,such as being late or le

18、aving an answerblank.But those who reported(53)about the exam,even bad ones,did better on it than thosewho didnt.So the next time you dream about an education related experience in which you are unableto answer the questions or solve a problem,dont(54):Its probably totally meaningless.Then again,you

19、r brain might be practicing so you41 be(55)if such an event ever comes topass.第3 页/总1()页41.A.symptoms B.reviewsC.conflictsD.theories42.A.take place of B.make peace withC.make sense ofD.come up with43.A.exemplifyB.dramatizeC.horrify D.recognize44.A.evidenceB.informationC.qualificationD.inquiry45.A.as

20、sumedB.connectedC.confirmedD.realized46.A.curiosityB.anxietyC.fancyD.reluctance47.A.expectB.endureC.expose D.employ48.A.exhibitB.explainC.supplyD.identify49.A.diagnosedB.dismissedC.deniedD.determined50.A.unnecessarily B.independently C.inappropriately D.impersonally51.A.puzzlingB.excitingC.depressin

21、gD.amusing52.A.revealedB.guaranteedC.tracedD.involved53.A.gradesB.concernsC.dreamsD.memories54.A.hesitateB.worryC.pauseD.laugh55.A.readyB.eagerC.nervousD.curious上海市杨浦区2020届高三一模英语试卷A star athlete stopped by my office and she was eaten up by self-criticism after committing afew errors during a weekend

22、 match.Tm at peak _ 41_ and I practise hard.How is this happening?”This student,like many I teach,believes she should be able to _ 42_ the outcomes of her life byvirtue of her hard work.1 study and write about resilience(复原力),and Im noticing a(n)_ 43_ increase in studentslike this athlete.When they

23、win,they feel powerful and smart.When they fall short of what theyimagine they should_44_,however,they are crushed by selfblame.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protectedthem from_45_.But there is something else at play among the most advantaged in

24、particular:a_46 promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work fbr it.第4页/总1()页Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of“mind-set“research,whichhas found that praising children for_47_will increase academic performance.Developed byStanford psychologist Car

25、ol Dweck,mind-set education has spread across classrooms worldwide.Buta 2018 analysis found that while praising hard work over ability may benefit economicallydisadvantaged students,it does not_48_help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Nina Kumar,who argued in a research paper last year t

26、hatfor teens in wealthy,pressure-cooker communities,“It is not a _49_ of motivation andperseverance that is the big problem._50_,it is unhealthy perfectionism and difficulty withbacking off when they should,when the fierce drive fbr achievements is over the top.This can_51_physical and emotional str

27、ess.In a 2007 study,psychologists Gregory Miller determinedthat adolescent girls who refused to give up the_52_goals showed elevated levels of CRP,aprotein that serves as a marker of systemic inflammation（炎症）linked to diabetes,heart diseaseand other medical conditions.The cruel reality is that you c

28、an do everything in your power and still fail.This knowledgecomes early to underrepresented minorities whose experience of discrimination（歧视）andinequality teaches them to_53_what is,fbr now,largely beyond their control to change.Yet fbrothers,the belief that success is always within their grasp is a

29、 setup.Instead of allowing our kids tobeat themselves up when things dont go their way,we should all question a culture that has taughtthem that how they perform fbr others is more important than what_54_inspires them and thatwhere they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are.We

30、should be wise to remindour kids that life has a way of disappointing us when we least_55_it.Its often the people wholearn to say“stuff happens“who get up the fastest.41.A.coolnessB.fitnessC.goodnessD.readiness42.A.controlB.changeC.adjustD.celebrate43.A.amusingB.inspiringC.troublingD.touching44.A.ap

31、plyB.approveC.appreciateD.accomplish45.A.disbeliefB.disagreementC.discoveryD.discomfort第5 页/总10页46.A.brightB.falseC.generalD.flexible47.A.virtueB.abilityC.effortD.status48.A.originallyB.obviouslyC.necessarilyD.regularly49.A.choiceB.commandC.displayD.lack50.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.However51.

32、A.result fromB.apply forC.associate withD.lead to52.A.immoralB.impersonalC.impossible D.impolite53.A.challengeB.acceptC.assessD.inquire54.A.plainlyB.probablyC.immediatelyD.actually55.A.exhibitB.expectC.establishD.recognize答案：上海市杨浦区2022届高三一模英语试卷41.B42.C43.D44.D45.A46.C47.B48.A49.B50.D51.B52.A53.C54.C

33、55.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以前公司高层管理人员都是单独的豪华办公室，现在许多公司高层都转向和员工一起在大办公室办公，文章分析了这样设置办公室的优点和缺点。4 1 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以提出这样一种转变的理由。A.image图像；B.shift转变；C.community 社区；D.assembly 集会。根据上文“some bosses choose to/zof-desA”（轮用办公桌）with everyone else.,此处就是指代上文提及的做法。故选B 项。42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果员工被塞进开放式办公室，而高管们则占据宽敞的办公室，员工

34、士气将受到影响。A.spill泄漏；B.surface显露：C.suffer遭受：D.survive幸存。根据句中Staff morale和 w hile,可推测“士气将遭受到影响”。故选C 项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从理论上讲，如果高管们是可见的，那么员工就更有可能向他们第6 页/总10页提出问题。A.reliable可靠的；B.capable有能力的；C.manageable可管理的；D.visible可见的。根据上文提及管理人员和员工一起办公，应该是可见的。故选D 项。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但总是在场的老板同样可能会伤害士气。A.initially最初地

35、；B.definitely 明确地；C.officially 正式地；D.equally 同样地。根据后文fbr fear that the quality oftheir commitment to their work come into doubt.（因为害怕他们对工作的承诺质量受到质疑。）说明此处应该是“同样可能会伤害士气故选D 项。4 5 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能包括关于管理方面的奇怪笑话。A.management管理；B.development 发展；C.experiment 实验；D.department 部门。根据后文In the presence of thei

36、rboss”，可知是关于管理层方面的笑话。故选A 项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在老板面前，员工们会对他们谈论的内容和评论的语气感到不安。A.unclear不清晰的；B.unwelcome不受欢迎的：C.uneasy不安的；D.unfortunate不幸的。根据后文fbr fear th a t,可知员工会感到不安的。故选C 项。【47题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：毕竟，经理可能就在他们身后。A.At least至少；B.After all毕竟；C.In fact事实上；D.In short总之。结合语境，造成前面情况的原因是因为有经理在场，此处表达“毕竟”，符合语境。故选

37、B 项。【48题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一旦首席财务官在第一天选择了一个办公桌，初级员工将在接下来的几天避开这个特定的位置。A.steer clear of避 开;B.keep track of跟踪；C.fall short of达不到；D.get rid of摆脱。根据上文及下文描述，员工对首席财务官有顾虑的，此处表示“避开”符合题意。故选A 项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，任何与某位高管密切合作的人都会倾向于选择附近的办公桌。A.reminded 提醒；B.tempted 尝试；C.assured 确信；D.warned 警告。结合句中 In第7 页/总10页

38、contrast,可知此句句意与上文提及“员工对领导避而远之”相反。故选B 项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位逗留不走的老板还会呈现其他的问题。任何在开放式办公室工作过的人都会承认，其他同事的谈话有时会让人难以集中精力。A.purposes目的：B.promises承诺；C.protests抗议；D.problems问题。根据本段后面提及的这些方面，可知此处应该是指“老板在场的问题”。故选D 项。51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位逗留不走的老板还会呈现其他的问题。任何在开放式办公室工作过的人都会承认，其他同事的谈话有时会让人难以集中精力。A.comment评论；B.conce

39、ntrate 集中；C.calculate itW;D.communicate 交流。根据句中的 other colleaguestalking,可知很难集中精力。故选B 项。(5 2 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人使用耳机来屏蔽背景噪音，并发出无法使用的信号。A.signal 发出信号；B.conceal 隐藏；C.reverse 反向；D.avoid 避免。根据后文 shut off from,可知此处表达“发出无法使用的信号:故选A 项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，在转向开放式设计的公司中，面对面的互动减少了70%A.subjected 使臣服;B.app

40、lied 应 用;C.switched 转 换;D.admitted 承认。根据语境分析，此处表达“转向开放式设计的公司故选C 项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有物理障碍的情况下，他们创造了第四堵墙，通过面部表情或对问题的简短回答来表明他们对隐私的渴望。A.presence在场；B.relevance相关性；C.absence缺 席;D.preference偏爱。根据a physical barrier,因为是开发性办公室,所以没有物理障碍。故选C 项。55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在没有物理障碍的情况下，他们创造了第四堵墙，通过面部表情或对问题的简短回答来表明他们对隐私的渴望。A.crediting存入金额；B.interpreting诠释；C.第8 页/总10页substituting 替换；D.indicating 表明。根据句中 4by facial expressions or brief replies to questions.w,可知此处表示“表 明 故 选 D 项。上海市杨浦区2021届高三一模英语试卷41-45 DC B AC 46-50 B C A D C 51-55 C DC BA上海市杨浦区2020届高三一模英语试卷41-55 BACDD BCCDA DCBDB第9 页/总10页第10页/总10页