英语高考真题卷--全国1（含答案解析）.pdf

《英语高考真题卷--全国1（含答案解析）.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高考真题卷--全国1（含答案解析）.pdf（16页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2018普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国I 卷英 语第一部分 听力（共两节，满分3 0 分）第 一 节（共 5小题;每小题1.5 分，满分7.5分）听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有1 0 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What will J ames do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.G ive a talk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She*s generous.B.Sh

2、e s curious.C.She,s helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.A t 6:3 0.B.A t 8:3 0.C.A t 1 0:3 0.4.H ow does the woman go to work?A.B y car.B.O n foot.C.B y bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.C lassmates.B.Teacher and student.C.D octor and patient.第 二 节（共 1 5 小题;每小题L 5 分，满分

3、2 2.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。6.What does the woman regret?A.G iving up her research.B.D ropping out of college.C.C hanging her major.7.What is the woman interested in study ing now?A.E cology.B.E

4、 ducation.C.C hemistry.听第7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.C.A taxi driver.9.What is the man doing for the woman?A.L ooking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.O ffering information about a hotel.听第8 段材料，回答第1 0 至 1 2 题。1 0.Where does the conversati

5、on probably take place?A.I n an office.B.A t home.C.A t a restaurant.1 1.What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A.G o to a concert.B.Visit a friend.C.Work extra hours.1 2.Who is A lice going to call?A.M ike.B.J oan.C.C atherine.听第9 段材料，回答第1 3 至 1 6 题。1 3.Why does the woman meet the man?A.To look

6、 at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.1 4.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.I ts color.B.I ts design.C.I ts quality.1 5.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.I t s a good size.B.I t s newly painted.C.I t s adequately equipped.1 6.What will the woman pro

7、bably do next?A.G o downtown.B.Talk with her friend.C.M ake pay ment.听 第 1 0 段材料，回答第1 7至 2 0 题。1 7.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.M ovie fans.B.N ews reporters.C.C ollege students.1 8.When did the speaker take E nglish classes?A.B efore he left his hometown.B.A fter he came to A merica.C.W

8、hen he was 1 5 y ears old.1 9.H ow does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.H e s proud.B.H e,s sy mpathetic.C.H e,s grateful.2 0.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.H ow education shaped his life.B.H ow his language skills improved.C.H ow he managed his business well.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分4 0 分）第

9、一 节（共 1 5 小题;每小题2分，满分3 0 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington,D.C.B icy cle ToursC herry B lossom B ike Tour in Washington,D.C.D uration:3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees withbeautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provid

10、e a history lesson about thetrees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve y our spot before availability 一and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington C apital M onuments B icy cle TourD uration:3 hours(4 miles)J oin a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washi

11、ngton,D.C.E xplore the monuments and memorials on the N ational M all as y our guide shares unique factsand history at each stop.G uided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.C apital C ity B ike Tour in Washington,D.C.D uration:3 hoursM orning or A fternoon,this bike tour is the perfe

12、ct tour for D.C.newcomers and localslooking to experience Washington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.K nowledgeableguides will entertain y ou with the most interesting stories about P residents,C ongress,memorials,and parks.C omfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路 线)make cy cling betwee

13、nthe sites fun and relaxing.Washington C apital Sites at N ight B icy cle TourD uration:3 hours(7 miles)J oin a smal1 group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.G et up close to the monuments and memorials as y ou bike the sites of C apitol H ill andthe N ational M

14、all.F requent stops are made for photo taking as y our guide offers uniquefacts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.A ll riders are equippedwith reflective vests and safety lights.2 1.Which tour do y ou need to book in advance?A.C herry B lossom B ike Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Was

15、hington C apital M onuments B icy cle Tour.C.C apital C ity B ike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington C apital Sites at N ight B icy cle Tour.2 2.What will y ou do on the C apital C ity B ike Tour?A.M eet famous people.B.G o to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.E njoy interesting stories.

16、2 3.Which of the following does the bicy cle tour at night provide?A.C ity maps.B.C ameras.C.M eals.D.Safety lights.BGood Morning Britain f s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa everymorning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role 一 showing families how toprepare delicious a

17、nd nutritious meals on a tight budget.I n Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help ofchef M att Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes forunder 5 per family a day.A nd the Good Morning Britain presenter say s she s been able to

18、put a lot of what she s learnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,1 4,F inn,1 3,and J ack,1 1.We love M exican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local M exican takeawayrestaurant,she explains.，ZI pay 5 for a portion（一份），but M att makes them for 2 6 p aportion,because

19、they are flour,water,sugar and oil.E very body can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we,re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.The eight-part series（系歹U节 目），Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps ofI TV s Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value fro

20、m the vastrange of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and M att spend time with adifferent family each week.I n tonight*s special they come to the aid of a family in needof some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family ,s long

21、 weekend ofcelebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.2 4.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoy s embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.D.She has had a tight budget for her family.2 5.H ow does M att Tebbutt help S

22、usanna?A.H e buy s cooking materials for her.B.H e prepares food for her kids.C.H e assists her in cooking matters.D.H e invites guest families for her.2 6.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.P rovide some advice for the readers.C.A dd some backgrou

23、nd information.D.I ntroduce a new topic for discussion.2 7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.K eeping F it by E ating SmartB.B alancing O ur D aily D ietC.M aking Yourself a P erfect C hefD.C ooking Well for L essCL anguages have been coming and going for thousands of y ears,but in recent

24、times therehas been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by huntergatherers,small,tightly knit（联系）groups developed their own patterns of speechindependent of each other.Some language experts believe that 1 0,0 0 0 y ears ago,when theworld had just five to ten million p

25、eople,they spoke perhaps 1 2,0 0 0 languages betweenthem.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,andtheir languages too became more settled and fewer in number.I n recent centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of univ

26、ersalcompulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past fewdecades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such asE nglish,Spanish and C hinese are increasingly taking over.A t present,the world has about 6,8 0 0 languages.The distribution

27、of these languagesis hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,oftenspoken by many people,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.E urope has only around 2 0 0 languages;the A mericas about 1,0 0 0;A frica 2,4 0 0;and A sia andthe P acific pe

28、rhaps 3,2 0 0,of which P apua N ew G uinea alone accounts for well over 8 0 0.Themedian number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,0 0 0,which means that half the world y slanguages are spoken by fewer people than that.A lready well over 4 0 0 of the total of 6,8 0 0 languages are close to extinction(消亡)，wi

29、th only a few elderly speakers left.P ick,at random,B usuu in C ameroon(eight remainingspeakers),C hiapaneco in M exico(1 5 0),L ipan A pache in the United States(two or three)orWadjigu in A ustralia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance ofsurvival.2 8.What can we infer a

30、bout languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were closely connected.2 9.Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2?A.C omplex.B.A dvanced.C.P owerful.D.M odern.3 0.H ow many languages ar

31、e spoken by less than 6,0 0 0 people at present?A.A bout 6,8 0 0.B.A bout 3,4 0 0.C.A bout 2,4 0 0.D.A bout 1,2 0 0.3 1.What is the main idea of the text?A.N ew languages will be created.B.P eople s lifesty les are reflected in languages.C.H uman development results in fewer languages.D.G eography d

32、etermines language evolution.DWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight ofsomething shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of sty le.That s bad news for the environment 一 and our wallets 一as these ou

33、tdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the samethings.To figure out how much power these devices are using,C allie B abbitt and her colleaguesat the Rochester I nstitute of Technology in N ew York tracked the environmental costs foreach product throughout its life from w

34、hen its minerals are mined to when we stop usingthe device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since theearly 1 990 s.D evices were grouped by generation.D esktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1 992.D igital cameras arrived on the scene in 1 997

35、.A nd M P 3 play ers,smart phones,and L C D TVs entered homes in 2 0 0 2,before tablets and e-readers showed up in2 0 0 7.A s we accumulated more devices,however,we didn t throw out our old ones.Theliving-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room,and suddenly one day,y ou have a

36、TV in every room of the house,said one researcher.The average number ofelectronic devices rose from four per household in 1 992 to 1 3 in 2 0 0 7.We re not justkeeping these old devices 一 we continue to use them.A ccording to the analy sis of B abbitts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cath

37、ode ray tubes are the worst devices withtheir energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more thandoubling during the 1 992 to 2 0 0 7 window.So what s the solution（解决方案）？The team s data only went up to 2 0 0 7,but theresearchers also explored what would happen if consumers r

38、eplaced old products with newelectronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TVviewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs anddesktop computers could cut energy consumption by 4 4%.3 2.What does the author think of new

39、 devices?A.They are env i ronment-fr i end1 y.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of sty le quickly.3 3.Why did B abbitt s team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cy cle of a product.C.To update consumers on new techno

40、logy.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.3 4.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The L C D TV.D.The desktop computer.3 5.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Re

41、cy cle them.第 二 节（共 5小题;每小题2分，满 分 1 0 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。C olor is fundamental in home design-something y ou 1 1 alway s have in every room.Agrasp of how to manage color in y our spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms y ou1 1 love to live in.D o y ou want a room t

42、haty s full of life?P rofessional?O r are y ou justlooking for a place to relax after a long day?3 6 ,color is the key to making a roomfeel the way y ou want it to feel.O ver the y ears,there have been a number of different techniques to help designersapproach this important point.3 7,they can get a

43、 little complex.B ut good news is thatthere re really only three kinds of decisions y ou need to make about color in y our home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.3 8 ,They re the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets thatmost of us use to add visual interest to

44、 our rooms.L ess tiring than painting y our walls andless expensive than buy ing a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them thesignificant benefit of being easily changeable.M edium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables orbookshelves.3 9.They require a big

45、ger commitment than smaller ones,and they have amore powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in y our rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether y ou re looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense putinto it are significant.4 0 .A.While all

46、 of them are usefulB.Whatever y ou re looking forC.I f y ou re experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones we re most familiar withE.I t s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pay s to be sure,because y ou want to get it right the first timeG.C olor choic

47、es in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major way s第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分4 5 分）第 一 节（共 2 0 小题;每小题1.5 分，满分3 0 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。D uring my second y ear at the city college,I was told that the education department wasoffering a free course,called Thinking C h

48、ess,for three credits.I 4 1 the idea oftaking the class because,after all,who doesn t want to 4 2 a few dollars?M ore thanthat,I d alway s wanted to learn chess.A nd,even if I weren,t 4 3 enough about freecredits,news about our 4 4 was appealing enough to me.H e was an internationalgrandmaster,which

49、 4 5 I would be learning from one of the game s 4 6 I couldhardly wait to 4 7 him.M aurice A shley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this _ 4 8was no game for him;he meant business.I n his introduction,he made it 4 9 that ourcredits would be hard-earned.I n order to 5 0 the

50、 class,among other criteria,we hadto write a paper on how we plan to 5 1 what we would learn in class to our futureprofessions and,5 2 ,to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 5 3 and learnedlife lessons that have served me well bey ond the 5 4 .Ten y ears after my chess class with A shley,I m st