高考英语语法填空（全国卷新高考卷）解析版.pdf

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1、高考英语语法填空（全国卷、新高考卷）高考英语语法填空（全国卷、新高考卷）最新说明：本文整理了历年来英语高考全国卷和新高考卷的语法填空试题，内容包含了真题训练和真题解析，是老师和同学们复习、练习、提升的最佳选择，希望对大家有所帮助。1目 录2021.6新高考一卷.32021.6全国甲卷.42021.6全国乙卷.42020.7山 东 卷（新高考）.62020.7海 南 卷（新高考）.72020全 国 1 卷.92020全国2 卷.102020全国3 卷.122019全 国 1 卷.132019全国2 卷.142019全国3 卷.152018全 国 1 卷.162018全国2 卷.172018全国3

2、 卷.182017全 国 1 卷.192017全国2 卷.202017全国3 卷.212016全 国 1 卷.222016全国2 卷.232016全国3 卷.242021.6新高考一卷Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle*s song The Long and WindingRoad”.is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.The rollingsea of clouds you see once you are

3、 at the top will remind you how tiny we 2(human)are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.Itwill 3(undoubted)help you get refreshed!The amazing thing about the spring is that thecolder the temperature gets,the 4(hot)the spring!Strange,isnt it?But thats

4、how nature isalways leaving us 5(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps.You can*t help wondering how hardit 6(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.Though it is the only unnaturalthing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure 7 offers a

5、 placewhere you can sit down to rest your 8(ache)legs.As the song goes,this long and winding road will never disappear,and it will always stickin the visitors memory.It sure does in 9(I).While youre in China,Mount Huangshanis 10 must to visit!【答案】What;humans;undoubtedly;hotter;astonished;was;and;ach

6、ing;mine;a【解析】1：考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，is sobreathing about the experience作 i s 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。2：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词应该作w e 的同位语，故应该填名词的复数形式。故填humans。3：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词h e lp,故应用副词形式。Undoubted变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。4：考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处 考 查 the more.the m o

7、re.的固定用法；所以空格处应填形容词的比较级。故填hotter。5：考查非谓语动词。此句中含有leave sb./sth.+adj.”结构，表示 使处于某种状态 o 因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为”感到吃惊的”。故填astonished。6：考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词 then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为i l,是第三人称单数形式。故填was。7：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词highlights和 of

8、fers之间缺少连接词进行连接；同时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。8：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰legSo故填achingo9：考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代thesong,does指代动词sticks,空格处应指my m em o ry,为 j避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代 替”形容词性物主代词+名词”。故填mine。10：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，m ust为名词，表示“必须的事”，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。故填a。2021.6全国甲卷Th

9、e Xi*an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history.It (build)originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now beencompletely restored(修复).It is possible 3(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12

10、 meters high and from here youcan see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After 4(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decidedit was time for some action and what 5(good)than to ride on a piece of history!We 6(hire)our bikes from the rental plac

11、e at the South Gate.My bike was old andshaky 7 did the job.It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xian City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gatesand 9(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people going abouttheir 10(day)routine

12、s.答案】was built;in;to walk;spending;better;hired;but;the;watchtowers;daily2021.6全国乙卷Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影 响)travel to undisturbed places.It isdifferent from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become (educate)aboutthe areas-both in terms of geographical con

13、ditions and cultural characteristics,and often providesmoney for conservation and benefits the 2(develop)of the local areas.Ecotourism has 3(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was notwidely accepted as a travel concept 4 the late 1980s.During that time,increasingenvironmental

14、awareness made it desirable.Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,varioustypes 6 trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually,a true eco-friendly trip mustmeet the following principles:Minimize the impact of 7(visit)the place.Build respect for and aware

15、ness of the environment and cultural practices.Provide 8(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park,officially recognized in 1980,is popular for ecotourism because of itsunique bio

16、diversity.9(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远 足)andaccommodations aim 10(have)a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】educated;development;its;until;the;o f;visiting;financial;Activities;to have【解析】1 ：考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知，空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意：这与传统的旅游业不同，因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。

17、故填educated o2：考查名词作宾语。根据空前冠词the和空后介词o f可知，空格应填名词。句意：并且对于当地地区的发展有益。故填developmento3：考查形容词性物主代词。空格所填词与空后的origin-起作has的宾语；同时与空后的origin构成限定关系，因此应填形容词物主代词。句意：生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。故填its。4：考查时间介词。根据空前有not可知，此处until与 not一起构成固定用法not until,意为 直到才。句意：直 到 20 世 纪 80年代后期，它才作为一种旅游概念被广泛接受。故填until。5：考查定冠词。空格处所填词与空后的

18、growingpopularity of一起作to 的宾语，构成thegrowing popularity of的固定用法。句意：因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行.。故填the。6：考查介词。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。句意：各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。故填of。7：考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中己经有一个谓语动词，判断空格处填非谓语动词。空处作介词o f的宾语，所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。句意：最小化参观一个地方的影响。故填 visitingo8：考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使用finance的形容词形式fina

19、ncialo 句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填 financial。9：考查可数名词复数。空格所填词作主语，同时谓语动词range为非三单形式，因此应使用名词复数形式。句意：那里有从鲸鱼观赏到远足等活动。故填Activities。10：考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断此处填非谓语动词。aim to do s th,意为 目的在于做某事，因此应填不定式形式。句意：并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。故填to have。2020山东卷(新高考)Many people have the hobby of collecting things,e.g.stamps,p

20、ostcards or antiques.In the 18thand 19th centuries,(wealth)people travelled and collected plants,historical objectsand works of art.They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died,and then it was given to a museum.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,forexample,3

21、(form)the core collection of the British Museum 4 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 5(call)galleries or rooms.Often,only asmall part of a museums collection 6(be)on display.Most of it is stored away or usedfor research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of vi

22、sitors.As well as looking atexhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine 7(they)livingat a different time in history or 8(walk)through a rainforest.At the Jorvik Centre inYork,the city,s Viking settlement is recreated,and people experience the sights,sounds andsmells of the ol

23、d town.Historical 9(accurate)is important but so is entertainment.Museums must compete 10 peoples spare time and money with other amusements.Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.答案：1 .wealthy 2.or 3.for med 4.which 或 that 5.are called 6.is 7.themselves8

24、.walking 9.accuracy lO.fbr解析：1 .考查形容词。句意:在18和 19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people,应使用形容词作定语。故填wealthy。2.考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两种可能性，应使用连词。r,意为“或 者 故 填 or。3.考查动词时态。句 意:例如，汉斯 斯隆爵上的8 万件藏品构成了 1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed o4.考查定语从

25、句。句意：例如，汉斯 斯隆爵士 8 万件藏品构成了 1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British M useum,关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/thato5.考查动词时态及语态。句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。6.考查主谓一致。句意：通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum

26、s collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is 也是提示。故填is。7.考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语补足语，imag

27、ine sb.doing sth.意为“想象某人做某事。故填walking。9.考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处作主语，位于形容词Historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历 史 的 准 确 性 故 填 accuracy。10.考查介词。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete f o r,意为“为了.竞 争 故 填 for。2020.7海南卷These days,it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites orfor sec

28、ond and third graders (begin)computer classes.At the same time,computergames are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue todevelop 2(education)computer programs for children in preschool.Also,technological know-how has become a 3(require)for most jobs in an increasinglydigi

29、tal world,as the computer has become a common tool in most 4(profession).The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systemsinfluence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their manyinteracting parts.Each volume in the set explores 6 wide range

30、 of material,explainsthe basic concepts of major applications of digital systems,7 discusses the influencesthey have on everyday life.Because the number of possible topics 8(be)practicallylimitless,we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools andexplain the basic pr

31、inciples of technology.Readers 9(encourage)to continueexploring the digital world with the guidance of 10(we)Further Resources sectionfeatured in each volume.【答案】to begin;educational;requirement;professions;that 或 which;a;and;is;areencouraged;our【解析】1 ：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 数字世界丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。考查非谓语动词。句

32、意：如今，10到 12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课，这些都很常见，本题考查It is+adj.+for sb.todo sth.结构，该结构it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，故答案为：t。begin。2:考查形容词。句意：与此同时，电脑游戏越来越受欢迎，主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程序。修饰名词computer program s,前用形容词形式，故答案为：educational。3：考查名词，句意：此外，在 日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具，动词become后接名词作宾语，根据前面的不定冠词a

33、可知，用名词的单数形式，故答案为：requirement。4：考查名词的数。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most修饰可知用复数形式，故答案为：professions5：考查定语从句。句意：数字世界是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为volum es,在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或 that引导，故答案为：that/which。6：考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要

34、应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，arangeof一套，一系列，wide是以辅音音来发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。故答案为：a。7：考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，前后句为并列关系，所以用连词a n d,故答案为：ando8：考查主谓一致。句意：因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的，所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个示例，并解释技术的基本原理。the number of.数量，后接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：is。9：考查语态，句意：我们鼓励读

35、者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与 encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：are encouragedo10：考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resourcessection,前用形容词性物主代词。故答案为：OUIo2020全国1卷China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.Theunmanned Cha

36、ng*e-4 probe(探 测 器)一the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moongoddess (touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moonsfar side is 2(extreme)challenging.Because the moons body blocks direct radiocommunication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit abov

37、e the moon in aspot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is ofparticular 4(interesting)to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山),moreso 5 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 6(find)and study

38、areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.This really excites scientists,Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,because it 7(mean)we have the chanceto obtain information about how the moon 8(construct).Data about the moon*s composition,such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains,could h

39、elp China decidewhether 10(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.答案：touched;extremely;where;interest;than;to find;means;is constructed;much;its解析：1.本文主要讲到的是中国的科学研究人员对于月球远侧的探索和研究。考查动词的时态。句意：无人驾驶的嫦娥四号探测器这个名字的灵感来自中国古代的一位月亮女神-上周降落在南极艾特肯盆地。分析句子结构可知the name was inspired by an ancientChinese m

40、oon goddess为插入语，句子中缺少谓语动词。touch down着陆，降落，根据时间状语last week可知需要用一般过去时态，所以可知答案：为 touched。2.考查副词。句意：在月球的远侧着陆是极具挑战性的。修饰形容词challenging,需要用副词形式，extreme为形容词，非常的，尤其的。副词形式为extremelyo所以可知答案：为extremely o3.考查定语从句。句意：由于月球的身体阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信，中国首先必须将一颗卫星送入月球上方的轨道，在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为spot,在从句中做地点状语，

41、需要用关系副词，所以可知答案：为 where4.考查名词。句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近侧更多。beof+名词=be+形容词，interesting形容词，有趣的，名词形式为interest,所以可知答案：为 interest。5.考查介词。句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近侧更多。根据句意可知本句为比较级，对月球的近侧和远侧做比较，需要用介词than表示比较，所以可知答案：为 than。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地的区域。根据句意可知空格处表

42、示目的，需要用不定式形式，所以可知答案；为 tofindo7.考查动词的时态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得有关月球是如何构成的信息。根据从句中的动词h av e,可知是一般现在时态，主语为i t,谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式,所以可知答案：为 means。8.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得有关月球是如何构成的信息。construct和主语the moon之间为被动关系，需要用被动语态，根据句意可知需要用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以可知答案：为 is constructed。9.考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：有关月球成分的数据，如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国

43、决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。根据句意可知表示多少，ice为不可数名词,需要用要w much来修饰,所以可知答案：为 much。10.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：有关月球成分的数据，如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。修饰名词plans需要用形容词性物主代词，it为代词，形容词性物主代词形式为i ts,所以可知答案：为 its。2020全国2卷Decorating with Plants,Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 1 (celebrate)marking th

44、e end of the winter season and thebeginning of spring.This is why decorating with plants,fruits and flowers 2(carry)specialsignificance.They represent the earth 3(come)back to life and best wishes for newbeginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges:Orange trees

45、are more 4 decoration;they are a symbol of good fortune andwealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times 5(decorate)with red envelopesand messages of good fortune.Bamboo:Chinese love their Lucky Bamboo plants and you will see them often in their homesand offices.6（certain）during the holid

46、ay period,this plant is a must.Bamboo plants areassociated 7 health,abundance and a happy home.They are easy 8（care）for and makegreat presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms（梅花）:The 9（beauty）long branches covered with pinkcolored buds（禧蕾）make fantastic decorations.The plum trees are 10 first to flower ev

47、enas the snow is melting（融化）.They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.答案：celebration;carries;coming;than;decorated;Certainly;with;to care;beautiful;the解析：1.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝活动，标志着冬季的结束和春天的开始。根据空格前的不定代词a 可知空格处需要用名词形式，celebrate动词，庆祝，名词形式为celebration.所以答案：为 celebration。2.考查动词的时态。句意：这就

48、是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。分析句子结构可知从句中缺少谓语动词，根据主从句时态一致可知从句中需要用一般现在时态，主语为decorating with plants,fruits and flow ers,动名词做主语，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式，所以答案：为 carries。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着地球重新焕发生机，并对新的开始表示最美好的祝愿。分析句子结构可知句中已经有谓语动词represent,空格处需用非谓语动词，come和 the earth之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以需要用现在分词表主动，所以答案：为 coming。4.考查介词。句意：橘子树不仅

49、仅是装饰品。more than固定搭配，表示不仅仅，所以答案:为 than。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很棒的礼物，你经常会看到用红包和好运的信息装饰着的它们。分析句子结构可知空格处为非谓语动词，decorate和 them（橘子树）之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，所以答案：为 decorated。6.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是非常必要的。分析句子结构可知空格处做状语，需用副词形式，certain形容词，当然的，副词形式为certainly。所以答案：为 Certainly7.考查介词。句意：竹子植物与健康、富足和幸福的家园联系在一起。be associated wit

50、h固定搭配，表示与有关联。所以答案：为 with。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很容易做成很棒的礼物。分析句子结构可知空格前为主系表结构，当表语为easy,hard,difficult,light,heavy,cheap,dangerous等形容词时，其后用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，所以答案：为 to care。9.考查形容词做定语。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，是很棒的装饰品。分析句子结构可知空格处做表语修饰名词branches,需要用形容词形式，beauty名词，美丽，形容词形式为beautiful。所以答案：为 beautiful。10.考查冠词。句意：即使雪正