人教版八年级上册unit3教案.pdf

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1、人 教 版 八 年 级 上Unit 3学习目标:1、本次课主要学习八上U 3的基础知识2、语法：掌 握adj及adv的比较级。一重点词汇1 .outgoing 与 quietoutgoing作形容词，意为“外向的，友好的：擅于交际的“，其比较级为more outgoing。其反义词为quiet,意为“安静的，文静的“，可作定语或表语。例如：They walked to a quiet place.他们向一个安静的地方走去。You have a cold,so you must keep quiet at hom e.你感冒 了，所以必须在家静养。He is more outgoing than

2、 m e.他比我能说会道。【拓展】calm,still,quiet 与 silent：(l)calm意为“镇静的；平 静 的 指 不 受 干 扰 时 的 宁 静、平静；指人时表示沉着的、镇定的。(2)still意为“不动的；静 止 的 指 物 理 上 的 安 静 状 态。(3)quiet意为“安静的；静止的”。指寂静的状态，没有吵闹、骚乱，指人表示娴静、文静。(4)silent意为“沉默的；无 言 的 主 要 指 人，指不发出声音或不说话，强调无声的状态。例如：When we face danger,we should ke印calm.面对危险，我们应该保持沉着、冷静。The baby kep

3、t still when she was taking photos.当给这个婴儿拍照时，她一动也不动。Be quiet,everyone.The teacher is coming.同学们,安静!老师来了。We shouldnt keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions.当老师问我们问题时，我们不应该保持沉默。【注意】quiet意为“安静的，quite意为“相当”。2.winwin作动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜”，其现在分词要双写n,为winning；过去式和过去分词均为won。例如：He won a prize last w e

4、ek.他上周得奖 了。They won the basketball match yesterday.他们昨天赢得了 那场篮球比赛。He knew this was his last hope of winning.他知道这是他获胜的唯一希望 了。【拓展】win 与 beat:(1)win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”，获得“名次、奖品”。例如：win a prize得奖 win a game赢得比赛win a honor赢得荣誉 win a battle赢得战斗win a match赢得比赛 win a scholarship赢得奖学金(2)beat强调“打败，战胜”，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对

5、手，即beat只能接表示人的词语作宾语。例如：beat a team 战胜/打败一队(组)beat a nation战争/打败一个国家beat an opponent战胜/打败一个对手3.heavy 与 thinheavy和thin是一组意义相反的形容词，都可用来描述人的体型。heavy意为“胖的，笨重的“，比较级形式为heavier；thin意为“瘦的”,其比较级形式为thinnero例如:He is very heavy,but his brother is thin.他很胖，可他的哥哥却瘦。【拓展】heavy还可意为“重的：剧烈的；大的 等。例如：heavy rain/snow/smok

6、e 大雨/大雪/浓烟heavy smoker/drinker/eater烟瘾/酒瘾/食量大的人have a heavy cold 患重感冒heavy(busy)traffic 交通拥挤4.seriousserious作形容词，意为“严肃的、认真的、严重的、危 险 的 比 较 级 为more serious。常用搭配为：beserious about意为“对.认 真 例 如：How serious the matter is!问题是多么严重啊!I stopped laughing when I realized he was serious about it.当我意识到他不是开玩笑时，我就不再笑

7、了。5.touch(l)touch作 动 词,意 为“感 动;触 摸 例 如：Don touch the paint until ifs d ry.油漆未干，切勿触摸。His sad story touched our hearts.他的悲惨的故事深深打动了我们的心。The peak seems to touch the sk y.山峰似乎已触及天空。touch作名词,意为“接 触;联 系 例 如：The blind have a keen sense of touch.盲人有敏锐的触觉。They keep close touch with m e.他们和我保持密切联系。6.reach(l)r

8、each作动词，意为“伸手；至U达；抵达；取 得 联 系:例 如：He reached into his pocket to get his car keys.他把手伸进口袋里拿车钥匙。We reached the nearest railway station last night.我们昨天晚上到达最近的火车站。The garden reaches the lake.花园一直延伸到湖边。We tried to reach them by phone.我们试着用电话跟他们联络。reach作名词，意为“范围”。例如：The book is out of my reach.那本书我够不至U。7.m

9、ake v.使;促使;迫使My mother made me take care of my little sister.我母亲让我照看我的妹妹。(l)make+n.+adj.使某人/物变得怎么样(形容词)We try our best to make our country more beautiful.我们尽力使我们的国家变得更美丽。(2)make+动词原形，表示“让某人做某事Bad stories always made me cry.伤感的故事总是让我流泪。8.though conj.虽然，即使，纵然You can be happy though you may be poor.尽管穷

10、，你是能够快乐的。Though it rained heavily,he came to school on tim e.尽管暴雨，他还是按时到学校 了。(1)同义词 althoughAlthough he is more outgoing than you,you are smarter than him,尽管他匕匕你夕卜向，可是你匕匕他耳总明。【拓展】区别though,although,but三者的用法：but不能与though和although同时出现；but引导的句子只能放在后面，而though,although引导的句子可以放在前面，也可以放在后面。Although he is no

11、t rich himself,he often helps the old man.He often helps the old man,although he is not rich himself.尽管他很穷，但他经常帮助老人。He is not rich himself,but he often helps the old m an.虽然他很穷，但是他经常帮助老人。9.care v对在 意 对 计较I dont really care what happens，我真的不乎发生什么。I dont care that we are different.我不在乎我们不同。【拓展】(l)care

12、about关心，在乎I dont care whether it rains.我不在乎下不下雨。He doesnt care about anything we may say.我们说什么他也不在乎。(2)care fo r喜欢，照顾The mother cared for the sick child day and night.母亲日夜照顾生病的孩子。(3)take c are小心，当心Take care not to drop it.当心别掉了。(4)take care of=look after 照顾Children are taken good care o f.孩子们受到了很 好

13、的 照 料。【联想】carefully adj.认真地 careless ad j.粗心的 careful adj.细致的；小心的；谨慎的rmation n信息，消息 不可数名词You can call English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information.需要更多的信息者请与英语学习中心联系。We have no information about where she has gone.关于她去了什么地方我们一点消息了【联想】常见的不可数名词(抽象名 词)：advice,health,fun,music,energy,strength,f

14、ailureILboth adj.&pron.两个都，两者都Both answers are right.两个答案都对。Both girls are very outgoing.两个女孩者卜 彳 艮 夕 卜 向。【拓展】(1)both of the+n(pl)作主语谓语用复数。Both of the students went to the movies last night.这两个学生昨晚都去看电影 了。Both of them like listening to classical music.他们俩都喜欢听古典音乐。(2)bothand 两者都，作主语谓语动词用复数。Both my fa

15、ther and my mother are workers.二Both of my parents are workers.我父亲才口母亲希，是工人。Both he and I like drinking hot tea with honey.我和他都喜欢加蜂蜜的荼。(3)b o th的否定句是部分否定。Both of us arent teachers.=Either of us is a teacher.我们俩不都是教师。They dont both play basketball very well=Either of them play basketball very well.、他

16、们俩打篮球不都很好。课堂练习：l.Mike f i n i s h e d(r e a d)the book just now.【答案】reading2.She l o o k s(r e l a x)because she has a(r el ax)vacation.【答案】relaxed|relaxing3.Peter often f o r g e t s(b r i n g)his English book.【答案】to bring4.1 h a v e(a n y th in g)in te re s tin g to tell you.-Really?Whats that?【答案

17、】something5.The first influenza A/H INI(甲型 H1N 流感)started in Mexico and has spread 传播)to many parts of theworld now.-That(sound)very terrible.【答案】sounds6.1f you dont take yourself s,others wont respect you,either.【答案】serious7.1 like Liu Qian,the great m from Taiwan.【答案】magician8.There are so many pe

18、ople in the supermarket.It?s c.【答案】crowded9.1 want to be a r to tell people the truth after I have school.【答案】reporterlO.Tom is really a c boy.He always has many new ideas.【答案】creative11.Lets look fbr some i about travelling on the Internet.【答案】information12.Do you know the English s Practice makes

19、perfect”?【答案】saying13.Its n for children to go to bed early every day.【答案】necessary14.He is very s and I hardly see him laugh.【答案】serious二.语法和句型1 .Thafs Tara,isnt it?Thats Tara,isnt it?是反意疑问句，表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用“yes”或no”来进行回答。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是疑问句，疑问句是由be,h av e,助动词或情态动词后接主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结

20、构，反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之，陈述句如果是否定结构，反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分，必须保持人称和时态的一致。例如He is old,isn9t he?他老了，不是吗？He never went there,did he?他从没有去过那里，是吗？无论哪种形式的反意疑问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式 或者No,后接否定式”The girl is helping her mother with the housework,isnt she?那个女孩正在帮妈妈做家务，不是吗？Yes,she is.是的，她在帮。No,she isn t.不，她没有帮。2.Thafs why.w

21、 hy引导的从句在此作is的表语，是表语从句。引导表语从句的词除了 why外，还 有that;whether;as if;what;which;who;whose;when;where;how等。表语从句与宾语从句一样，要求用陈述语序。例如：That is where I was born.那就是我出生的地方。The problem is whether he will com e.问题是他是否回来。This is what we need.这就是我们所需要的。【注意】Thatswhy可视以为一个固定句式，表示“这便是为什么.“这就是的原因”，why的后面一般接句子。例如：Thats why

22、he was late this morning.这就是他今天早上迟到的原因。3.you dont need a lot of them as long as youre good.as long a s为固定搭配，意为“只要.此句中的long为副词。例如：We can talk about this as long as you w ant.主 要 你 想（谈），我们可以谈谈这件事。As long as I live,I will help y o u.只要我活着，我就会帮助你。【拓展】as.as中间加形容词或副词原形,表示同级的比较，意为“和一样”。This film is as inte

23、resting as that o n e.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。Your pen writes as smoothly as m ine.你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。其否定式为notas/so as中间加形容词或副词原形，意为“和不 一 样 例 如：This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。4.1 think a good friend makes me laugh.m ake在此处是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式，make sb.do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还 有let

24、,have等。例如：The boss made them work for long tim e.老板让他们长时间工作。They made us forget the past.他们使我们忘记了过去。【拓展】make作“使.”讲时，还可用m ake+宾 语+形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb./sth.+adj./n.。类似的词还有keep等。例如：What he said makes us happy.他所说的话使我们很高兴。Dont keep the door open.别把门开着。We made John our monitor.我们选约翰当班长。5.My best friend

25、Larry is quite different from me.be different from意为“与.不同different的名词形式为difference,意为“不同；不同之处”。例如:Saying a thing is very different from doing it.说一件事和做一件事很不相同。Whether it rains or not makes no difference to m e.下不下雨对我来说都一样。【拓展】thesam eas意为“和.一样/相同“，as前后跟同类名词、代词或副词。例如:I am in the same school as my you

26、nger sister.我和我的妹妹在 同一所学校。6.Shes a little more outgoing than me.她比我的性格外向得多。(1)在形容词的比较级构成中，多音节词的比较级在它前面加more.句中的more outgoing体现了多音节形容词比较级的构成。(2)用a little修饰比较级，表示程度低，意为“稍 微 常 见 可 以 修 饰 比 较 级 的 词 有a little,much,even,a lot.He is a little taller than his father.他比他爸爸高一点。My mother is even more hard-workin

27、g after she came back hom e.妈妈回国后，更加努力工作了。7.Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.刘英不如她姐姐擅长运动。(1)本句用句式not as.as同级比较表示 不如(2)短 语be good a t表示“擅长于。【拓展】用形容词原形可以表示比较。如所给例句其实表示比较。可以说成 Her sister is better at sports than Liu Ying.比较级可以表示最高级。He is taller than any other students in our class.=He is

28、 the tallest in our class.8.Talent shows are getting more and more popular.才艺表演变得越来越受欢迎。“比较级+and+比较级 表示 越来越.，当形容词为多音节时，应用“more and more+形容词 的结构。More and more popular意为 越来越受欢迎The weather gets warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越漂亮。【拓展】the+比较级，the+比较级”表

29、示“越，就越The more money you make,the more spend.你赚的钱越多，你花得越多。The sooner,the better.越快越好。9.There are photos of me and my twin sister Liu Ying.这些是我和我的双胞胎妹妹刘英的照片。(1)本句是倒装句，真正的主语是are后的这一部分。(2)谓语 are 由主语 photos 决 定 的,me and my twin sister Liu Ying 作定语修饰 photoso【拓展】here 与 neither.nor.,either.or.,not only.but

30、 also以及 there be 句型一样都有谓语的选择上采取“就近”原则，谓语动词由紧挨着的主语决定单数还是用动词原形。He can speak not only English but also French,他不仅会说英语，而且会说法语。Not only Jim but also I have visited the famous artist.不仅吉姆，而且还有我拜访那位著名艺术家。Neither he nor I speak a foreign language.他和我都不会说外语。10.形容词副词比较级用法形容词比较级用于两者人或事物相比较。标志词：than,A or B,even

31、,a little 等。常用句式：(1)表示两者进行比较时用形容词或副词的比较级，其结构为“A+比较级+than+B”。I am taller than you.He did better than me.(2)有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a lot,much,even,far等修饰时，用形容词/副词的比较级。Its much warmer today.This bottle is a little bigger than that one.(3)在两者之间进行选择，“哪一个更.”,用句型Which/Whois+形容词/副词比较级，AorB?”。Who is taller,M

32、ike or Ted?Which one is the longer,the pen or the pencil?(4)表示“两者之间 最.的一个”(of the two)”时，常用“the+比较级”结构。Bob is the taller of the two boys.Being is the bigger of the two.(5)表示“越来越”时，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+a n d+比较级”，句中有多音节词或部分双音节词时用“more and more+原级”结构。The weather is getting warmer and warmer.Our country is b

33、ecoming more and more beautiful.(6)表示“越.就越.”时，用“th e+比较级，the+比较级”结构。The more you eat,the fatter you will be.The more you eat,the fatter you will be.【课堂练习】1.每个人都想在比赛中获胜。Everyone in the match.【答案】wants|to|win2.最重要的事是从这个故事中学到某些新东西。The most important thing is to learn from the story.【答案】somethinglnew3.他和他的同学在学校一样积极He ishis classmate at school.【答案】as|active|as4.知识比金钱更重要Knowledge is money.【答案】more|important|han5.父母亲都很关心自己的孩子。Parents all their kids.【答案】care|about6.Tony在音乐方面有天赋。Tony is music.【答案】talented|for7.我们应当对人们友好。We should be people.【答案】friendly|to