2021小升初英语总复习第十讲宾语从句知识点讲解+练习.pdf

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1、第十讲：宾语从句一、【考点解读】宾语从句的功能相当于名词词组，在句子中充当宾语。该从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的小升初模拟考试中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题几乎都是选择题。本讲就历届小升初模拟考试试题涉及到该从句考查的焦点在此作以归纳，以期有助于同学们复习、备考。二、【知识讲解】知识点1宾语从句的定义和三要素宾语从句一、概念导入1.什么叫宾语I treat我 招待主 语+谓语动词主 语：动作发出者。you.你+宾语.（简单句基本句型之一）谓语动词：主语做出的动作。宾 语：动作的承受者，即动作的对象。及物动词vt.+宾语介 词prep._2.句子的种类/1月定旬，V陈济句 否定局一般

2、蓼问句特 班 问 句按使用目的和交际功能分为 J疑问句1 选择疑问句反义精句句祈使句感蚁句：what引导和How引导r 主+谓.主+谓+宾.简单句主+谓+宾+宾补.主+谓+间宾+直宾.主+系+表.表递进或顺承:and,not only-but also 等表 转 折:but,yet并列句 表选择：or,either-or.表因果:so,for按照结构分定语从句名词性从句复合句状语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句-同位语从句r 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句-方式状语从句2.什么叫从句？什么叫宾语从句？I know谓it.宾.know

3、1I tha you like it.主，谓,宾宾（句子）从 句（跟从、依附）牛向(I dont know where to go tonight.知识点4一宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句中，如果主句的主语是第一人称，主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess等，且为一般现在时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。色！I dont think you can do it by yourself.0I think you canU do it by yourself.国知识点5直接引语变为间接引语是宾语从句的具

4、体运用，在变化过程中要注意以下三个方面。1）人 称 变 化：根据句义进行相应的人称变化。例：He said,“I am glad to see you today.He said that he was glad to see me today.2）时态变化（参见上文）。3）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化。例：He asked meWill you come here tomorrow?”He asked me whether I would go there the next day.直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethosenowthen时间状语todaythat d

5、ayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next daynext weekthe next weeklast yearthe year beforea week agoa week before地点状语herethere主句动词的变化say to sbask/tell从句动词的变化comegobringtake三、【典 例 探 究】例题1 :1.Could you please tell me he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.which2.Could you tell me_?A.when

6、will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave BeijingC.when they will leave BeijingD.when did they leave Beijing答 案：AC四、【课 堂 运 用】【基础】l.Do you know?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she livesD.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has d

7、one D.will do答 案：CB【练 习 1I.把直接引语改成间接引语1.He said,P m afraid I cant finish the work.-2.He said,Fm using the knife.-3.He said,UI came to help you.-A4.She said,Ill come here this evening.*5.She said,HHe left 30 minutes ago.1 2 3 4【难度】【答案】1.He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish the work.2.He said

8、that he was using the knife.3.He said that he had come to help me.4.She said that she would go there that evening.5.She told me that he had IcA 30 minutes before.【巩固】1.We dont kn o w.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was bomC.where he comes from D.if he lives here2.Lilys

9、mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not fi nd?A.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was Lily答 案：C C【练 习 1IL Choose the best conjunctions to complete the following sentences1.Jim told me he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.(how,why)2.Do you know else is going to be

10、on duty today?(who,whom)3.She said it wouldnt matter much.(that,if)4.He always thinks he can do better.(how,who)5.1 really dont know the bridge will be finished.(how long,how soon)6.They dont know to go or wait.(if,whether)7.We are talking about well go back tomorrow.(whether,if)8.1 was really surpr

11、ised at I saw.(where,what)9.1 dont know so many people are looking at him.(how,why)【难度】【答案】1.why 2.who 3.that 4.how 5.how soon 6.whether 7.whether 8.what 9.why【拔高】【练习11.The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take2.Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.tra

12、velled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled答案：ACIIL Choose the best answ er.(选择最恰当的答案)1.-Could you tell me the Bamboo Garden?-The day after tomorrow,I think.A.when will you visit B.when you will visitC.when would you visit D.when you would visit2.Would you please tell me next,Mr.Wang?A.what sho

13、uld we do B.we should do whatC.what we should do D.should we do what3.You cant i m a g i n e _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they wereC.how excited were they D.they were how excited4.1 want to know you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A.that B.

14、when C.where D.whether5.-Could you tell me?10.what-Sorry,I dont know.I was not at the meeting.A.what does he say at the meeting B.what did he say at the meetingC.what he says at the meeting【难度】D.what he said at the meeting【答案】l.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D五、【课后巩固】【习题1 （宋体五号不加粗）1.1 dont know he will come t o mo

15、 r r o w.h e comes,Ill tell you.A.if;Whether B.whether;Whether C.if;That D.if;If2.1 dont know the day after tomorrow.A.when does he come B.how will he come C.if he comes D.whether hell come3.Could you tell me the nearest hospital is?A.what B.how C.whether D.where4.Could you tell me the radio without

16、 any help?A.how did he mend B.what did he mend C.how he mended D.what he mended5.1 want to know.A.whom is she looking afterC.whom is she looking6.Do you know where now?A.he lives B.does he liveB.whom she is lookingD.whom she is looking afterC.he lived D.did he live7.Do you know what ti meA.the train

17、 leave B.does the train leave C.will the train leave D.the train leaves8.1 dont know.Can you tell me,please?A.how the two players are old B.how old are the two playersC.the two players are how old D.how old the two players are9.The small children dont know.A.what is their stockings in B.what is in t

18、heir stockingsC.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings10.I cant u n d e r s t a n d.A.what does Christmas mean B.what Christmas does meanC.what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means11.1 dont know he will be back home.A.who B.what C.when D.where12.Could you tell me?A.where do you

19、live B.who you are waiting forC.who were you waiting for D.where you live in13.Do you still r e me m b e r?A.that he said B.what he said C.did he say that D.what did he say14.1 cant understand the boy alone.A.why she left B.why did she leave C.why she had left D.why had she left15.She told me the su

20、n in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen16.They tried to find out the new t rai n.A.how far/had gone B.how long/has gone C.how far/went D.how far/had run17.The manager came up to see.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.what the matter is D.whats the matter18.Can you tell me?A.what a

21、re you doing B.where do you study C.what you were doing D.what to do it19.He asked his f a t he r.A.where it happens B.where did it happen C.how it happened D.how did it happen20.No one tells us,so we need your help.A.how we should do B.what should we do C.how to do it D.what to do it答 案：1.参考答案D.前一个

22、if引导宾语从句，表示选择“是否”，后一个if引导的是条件状语从句表示将来的动作，所以用主将从现。2.3.4.5.6.参考答案D.我不知道后天他是否回来，宾语从句用陈述语序。参考答案D.where表示地点，最近的医院在哪里。参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序，已经说了是修理录音机，所以不用w hat,而用how.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序，whom作照顾的宾语。参考答案A 主句用现在时态，从句不受限制，住在哪里用一般现在时，宾语从句用陈述语序。7.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序，从句是客观事实，用一般现在时。8.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序。9.参考答案B 宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句

23、中做主语。10.11.12.13.14.15.16.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做宾语。参考答案C.因为后面的从句是说他将回家，所以前面应该是我不知道他什么时间回家。参考答案B.B 是陈述语序，D 可以用where you live或 which you live in.参考答案B.参考答案A.参考答案C.参考答案D.作的动词。17.参考答案A.语从句的主语。宾语从句用陈述语序，what在宾语从句中做said的宾语。宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用现在的时态，从句根据事实用相应的时态。客观真理用一般现在时态。距离多远一般用how far,go是个瞬间动词，所以应该用可以表示持续动主

24、句是过去时态，从句要用过去的相应时态，所以c、D 排除。What作宾18.参考答案D.what作动词不定式的真正宾语。19.参考答案C.宾语从句用陈述语序，主句是一般过去时态，从句也用过去时态。20.参考答案C.因为不知怎样做，所以需要你的帮助，如果是不知道做什么，会有人告诉你做什么的。如果对主语提问，则特殊疑问句的语序不变。【习题2】点击小升初1.Some of my friends are interested in science,but none of them can tell.A.when UFOs will appear next time B.why do horses kno

25、w the wayC.where was this kind of plant found D.how do elephants communicate2.What time will Mr.Brown be back to China?Sorry.I dont know.A.when did he go abroad B.why he is going abroadC.how soon will he be back D.how long he will stay abroad3.一May I come in?P m sorry I am late.-Come in,please.But c

26、ould you please tell me?A.why you are late again B.what were you doing thenC.who you talked with D.how do you come to school4.-Could you please tell me?-Bus No.32 will take you right there.A.where is Henan Museum B.what Henan Museum is likeC.how can I get to Henan Museum D.which bus I shall take to

27、Henan Museum5.P eter says that the Whites are on holiday,but no one knows.A.where they have been B.where are theyC.where are they from D.where they have gone6.-Do you know the Capital Museum?一 Next Friday.A.when will they visit B.when they will visitC.when did they visit D.when they visited7.He want

28、ed to know the English party.A.when will we have B.when we will haveC.when would we have D.when we would have8.1 want to know.A.when we should arrive at the airport B.when should we arrive at the airportC.when the airport we should arrive at D.when the airport should we arrive at9.David,look at the

29、man in white over there.Can you tell me?-He is a doctor.A.who is he B.who he is C.what is he D.what he is10.一 Could you tell me?He is wanted by the head teacher.-Sorry,Tve no idea.But he here just now.A.where Tim;was B.where is Tim;wasC.where Tim is;was D.where Tim is;is11.Did Mrs.King leave a messa

30、ge?-Yes.She wanted to know this Sunday.A.who you would go shopping B.if you would go shopping with herC.that you will go shopping D.when will you go shopping with her12.-Im a teenagers mother.Sometimes I dont know.Love and understanding.A.what my son needs most B.what does my son want to getC.why my

31、 son gets annoyed very often D.why does my son get annoyed very often.13.一 I wonder without water-一 About a week.A.how long man can live B.how long can man liveC.when man can live D.when can man live点击小升初参考答案1.参考答案A.我的一些朋友对自然科学感兴趣，但他们谁也讲不出下次不明飞行物出现的时间。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。2.参考答案D.布朗先生什么时候回中国？抱歉。我不知道他会在国外待多久。

32、宾语从句应该用陈述语序。3.参考答案A.我可以进来吗？很抱歉我迟到了。请进，但请你告诉我为什么又迟到了吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。4.参考答案D.你能告诉我怎样到河南博物馆（我坐几路车能到河南博物馆）吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。5.参考答案D.彼得说怀特一家正在度假，但没有人知道他们去了哪里。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。They have been to他们去过某个地方，现在已经回来了；they have gone to 他们去了某个地方，现在还没有回来。6.参考答案B.你知道他们什么时候参观首都博物馆吗？下周五。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。7.参考答案D.你想知道我们什么时候举办英语联欢会。当主句是

33、一般过去时态的时候，宾语从句用相应的过去时态，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。8.参考答案A.我想知道我们应该什么时候到达机场。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。9.参考答案D.David,看那边那个穿白衣服的人，你能告诉我他是干什么的吗？他是医生。询问职业用what；宾语从句应该用陈述语序。10.参考答案C.你能告诉我蒂姆在哪里吗？班主任在找他。对不起，我不知道。但是他刚才在这里。动词tell后接的宾从应用陈述语序，just now提示应该用was.11.参考答案B.金太太留口信了吗？是的，她想知道这个周日你是否跟她一起去购物。12.参考答案A.我是一个青少年的妈妈。有时我不知道我的儿子最需要什么。爱和理解。

34、宾语从句应该用陈述语序。Love and understanding.故用what.13.参考答案A.我想知道，没有水人能活多久。大约一周。About a week知询问应用howlo n g,宾语从句应该用陈述语序。第十讲：宾语从句二、【考点解读】宾语从句的功能相当于名词词组，在句子中充当宾语。该从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的小升初模拟考试中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题几乎都是选择题。本讲就历届小升初模拟考试试题涉及到该从句考查的焦点在此作以归纳，以期有助于同学们复习、备考。三、【知识讲解】知识点1宾语从句的定义和三要素宾语从句二、概念导入3.什么叫宾语I treat我 招待主

35、语+谓语动词主 语：动作发出者。you.你+宾语.（简单句基本句型之一）谓语动词：主语做出的动作。宾 语：动作的承受者，即动作的对象。及物动词vt.+宾语介 词prep._2.句子的种类/1月定旬，V陈济句 否定局一般蓼问句特 班 问 句按使用目的和交际功能分为 J疑问句1 选择疑问句反义精句句祈使句感蚁句：what引导和How引导r 主+谓.主+谓+宾.简单句主+谓+宾+宾补.主+谓+间宾+直宾.主+系+表.表递进或顺承:and,not only-but also 等表 转 折:but,yet并列句 表选择：or,either-or.表因果:so,for按照结构分定语从句名词性从句复合句状语

36、从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句-同位语从句r 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句-方式状语从句4.什么叫从句？什么叫宾语从句？I know谓it.宾.know1I tha you like it.主，谓,宾宾（句子）从 句（跟从、依附）牛向(I dont know where to go tonight.知识点4一宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句中，如果主句的主语是第一人称，主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess等，且为一般现在时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句

37、的谓语动词用肯定式。色！I dont think you can do it by yourself.0I think you cant do it by yourself.国知识点5直接引语变为间接引语是宾语从句的具体运用，在变化过程中要注意以下三个方面。2)人称 变 化：根据句义进行相应的人称变化。例：He said JT am glad to see you today.He said that he was glad to see me today.2)时态变化(参见上文)。3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化。例：He asked meWill you come here tomo

38、rrow?”He asked me whether I would go there the next day.直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethosenowthen时间状语todaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next daynext weekthe next weeklast yearthe year beforea week agoa week before地点状语herethere主句动词的变化say to sbask/tell从句动词的变化comegobringtake三、【典 例 探 究】例题1 :1.C

39、ould you please tell me he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.which2.Could you tell me_?A.when will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave BeijingC.when they will leave BeijingD.when did they leave Beijing答 案：AC四、【课 堂 运 用】【基础】l.Do you know?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.whe

40、re she livesD.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will do【练 习1I.把直接引语改成间接引语1.He said,Im afraid I can*t finish the work.2.He said,Fm using the knife/*1 2 3 4 5 6 7【巩固】1.We dont kn o w.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B

41、.when he was bornC.where he comes from D.if he lives here2.Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not fi nd?A.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was Lily【练 习1】IL Choose the best conjunctions to complete the following sentences1.Jim told me he didnt go fishing yeste

42、rday afternoon.(how,why)2.Do you know else is going to be on duty today?(who,whom)3.She said it wouldnt matter much.(that,if)4.He always thinks he can do better,(how,who)5.I really dont know the bridge will be finished.(how long,how soon)6.They dont know to go or wait.(if,whether)7.We are talking ab

43、out well go back tomorrow.(whether,if)8.1 was really surprised at I saw.(where,what)-3.He said,I came to help you.-4.She said,Ill come here this evening.*-5.She said,MHe left 30 minutes ago.-9.1 dont know so many people are looking at him.(how,why)10.Do you know you are studying for?(why,what)【拔高】【练

44、 习11.The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take2.Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelledIII.Choose the best answ er.(选择最恰当的答案)1 .-Could you tell me the Bamboo Garden?-The day after tomorrow,I think.A.when

45、 will you visit B.when you will visitC.when would you visit D.when you would visit2.Would you please tell me next,Mr.Wang?A.what should we do B.we should do whatC.what we should do D.should we do what3.You cant i m a g i n e _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited

46、B.how excited they wereC.how excited were they D.they were how excited4.1 want to know you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A.that B.when C.where D.whether5.-Could you tell me?-Sorry,I dont know.I was not at the meeting.A.what does he say at the meeting B.what did he say at the meetingC.what he says

47、at the meeting D.what he said at the meeting五、【课后巩固】【习 题1】(宋体五号不加粗)1.1 dont know he will come t o mo r r o w.h e comes,Ill tell you.A.if;Whether B.whether;Whether C.if;That D.if;If2.1 dont know the day after tomorrow.A.when does he come B.how will he come C.if he comes D.whether hell come3.Could you

48、 tell me the nearest hospital is?A.what B.how C.whether D.where4.Could you tell me the radio without any help?A.how did he mend B.what did he mend C.how he mended D.what he mended5.1 want to know.A.whom is she looking afterC.whom is she looking6.Do you know whereB.whom she is lookingD.whom she is lo

49、oking afternow?A.he lives B.does he live7.Do you know what ti me?C.he livedD.did he liveA.the train leave B.does the train leave C.will the train leave D.the train leaves8.1 dont know.Can you tell me,please?A.how the two players are old B.how old are the two playersC.the two players are how old D.ho

50、w old the two players are9.The small children dont know.A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockingsC.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings11.1 cant u n d e r s t a n d.A.what does Christmas mean B.what Christmas does meanC.what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means