中考英语第四部分专题1完形填空专题训练冀教版2.pdf

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1、完形填空第四部分中考英语完形填空篇型解读与专题训练1命题分析1选文特点以叙述文体的小故事为主；篇幅一般在250词左右；难度略低于阅读理解中的短文；所选短文语言地道、纯 正，结构严谨，层次分明，逻辑性强。2.设空特点首句通常不挖空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文早大意。短文设空平均密度为10-20个单词一个空。3.选项特点（1）每个小题所给的4个选项一般都属于同一词类，语义范畴相同。长短相宜，避免了对答案的明显暗示，彼此之间也不会出现相互包容的情况。偶尔有个别小题的 4个选项的词类不同，但其语法功能大都一样。单从语法角度，甚至从某一句的角度来看，干扰项都

2、可以和空前或空后的文字形成某种搭配，从而形成一定的干扰或起到迷惑作用。选项使用词汇没有重复，尽可能增加考查内容的覆盖面。4.考查特点近几年的完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。“语境能力型”试题具有相当难度，因为所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。5.难处喑不特点完形填空的短文有时因为行文的需要，出现了对考生来说较难理解的背景，或者有时是命题者为了有意识地控制完形填空的难度等原因，往往会在短文的适当之处安排暗示。但这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的某些空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语

3、境不明，无法填出，但只要继续往后看,就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。K真题范例（河南）King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people.He often asked _7_which were stra nge.His people had to use words in a 2 way to answer these questi ons.Once he asked a very stra nge questi on.He looked at his people.3 he looked,on

4、e by onethe heads bega n to hang low in search of an an swer.It was at this mome nt that Birbal en teredthe palace.Birbal 4 the habit of the King.He understood the 5 at once and asked,“May I know the question so that Ican 6 for an answer?Akbar said,“How many crows（乌 鸦）are there in this ci ty?”7 even

5、 a moment s thought,Birbal replied“There are fifty thousand five hundred andeighty nine crows,my lord.0“How can you be so _8 _?asked Akbar.Birbal said,“Make you men 9,my lord.If you find more crows it means some have cometo visit their relatives（亲戚）here.If you 10 crows 让 means some have gone to visi

6、t theirrelatives elsewhere.M2Akbar was pleased very much by Birbals wise an()1.A.questi onsB.helpC.promiseD.()2.A.com monB.trie ndlyC.cleverD.sile nt()3.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.If D.As()4.A.knewB.developedC.hatedD.doubted()5.A.orderB.i nformationC.danger D.situatio n()6.A.askB.waitC.tryD.reach()7.A.Befor

7、eB.WithoutC.ThroughD.I n()8.A.smartB.braveC.fannyD sure()9.A.catchB.discussC.countD.visit()10.A.fewerB.largerC.fasterD.older真题感悟本文讲述了国王阿克巴有个好猜谜的习惯。他经常让他的大臣们猜谜并热衷于那些奇怪的谜语。有3次他问了一个非常奇怪的问题，这时伯巴勒走进了大殿。伯巴勒知道国王这个猜谜的习惯。在国王问城市里有多少只乌鸦时，伯巴勒机智地作出了回答。国王很满意他的这个答案。本题为故事，设 空、选项规范，考查内容多为实词，解题时多数需要通过上下文语境来完成，能够达到考查学

8、生综合运用语言的能力。【答案解析】L A根据后一句中to answer these questions”可 知 本题选择A。questions和动词ask构成动宾关系，表示 问问题”。2.C前文had to“不得不”提示下文用形容词 clever表 示“明智的；聪 明 的 ，回答国王的问题要用“聪明的”办法来回答。王B下文钉也的臣民们低下头寻找答慕 可知前文是时间状语从包用as引导时间状语从句表示理当一时候”，说明国王看的动作和臣民低头思考的动作同时进行。4.A根据下句“他立刻明白了当前的形势 可知上文是伯巴勒理知道即国王猜谜的习惯。用动词knew表 示 知道；了解“5.D承接上文fg他了解国

9、王的习惯，说明他明白当时的“形势”，用situation表 示 储 况；形势柑。6.C动词y和 皿 连 用，try for表示 谋求；尝试 和answer构成动宾关系表示 寻找一 答就O行B下文也立刻说出了一个具体数字，和弭耳0”甚至刃的提示意义说明上文是级甚至没有经过片刻的思索，用介词without表 示“无；没有”，表示否定膏义8.D对于他说出的具体数字，根据常理，国王是询问“你如何能这么肯定？be sure表 示“确 信：肯定”。9.C承接上文，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是“让你的臣民们数一下”，用动词 count表 示“数”，和上面的数字对应。10.A综合这两句话的意义“如果多了就是有来走亲

10、戚的：如果少了，是去走亲戚了”可以推断空格处用fewer-表 示“少”这一意义，和上句的more对应。R技巧点拨1.充分利用首句作为解题的突破口完形填空的首句往往是完整的、不设空的。而首句又常常是全文的中心句，因 此，应充分重视完形填空的首句，通过它大致把握全文的大意和作者的意图，利用它作为解题的突破口。依据首句的提示，捕捉文中关键信息，通览全文，了解文章的题材 体裁 结构 背 景 内容大意 前因后果、情节发展，论点论据等基本信息。同 时，可以对有些空格要填的词做试探性猜4测，为下一步选择最佳选项作好准备。2.根据上下文的逻辑意义确定答案5完形填空的命题设计正朝着深层化和语境化方向发展，逐渐淡

11、化单纯的语言分析考查，而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断的考查。词语在特定语境中所表达的隐含信息大都无法从字面或一个或几个句子的表面理解传达出来，这就大大增加了干扰项的迷惑性，从而提高了试题难度。因此，要想解决这类题目，只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的提示。3.从词汇的意义和用法方面考虑完形填空在命题过程中，淡化基础句型结构，语法规则和短语搭配，侧重词汇的活用。应该加强对词汇合乎情景需求的判断的训练，加深对基本词汇的感受能力和应用能力，提高解完形填空题的技能。4.积累习惯用法和固定搭配完形填空题中考查习惯搭配和固定用法的题目也占有一定比重，这就要求平时记忆和积累，做到脱口而出。这类题属于较容易的，一般在初选

12、时就能确定。5.依据作者的态度和观点作者写一篇文章必有他的意图和目的，作者在表达情娥时总是选择特定的词汇，因此文章字里行间不可避免地渗透了作者的情感。做完形填空时，应该留心捕捉作者的情感信息。6.注意分析句子结构7、依据生活经验和常识有些空涉及到我们应该具备的常识，是否合乎情理是我们选择的依据。专题训练Passage 1In a small tow n in France,there was a farmer who lived alone.Every dayhe 1 a pound of butter to his neighbour,who was a baker,One day the

13、bakerdecided to 2 the butter to see if he was gett ing a pound.After he weighedit,he found that he wasn t.The baker then took 3 farmer to the judge（法官）.The judge asked the farmer if he had any ways to weigh the butt er.The farmer replied,am so 4 that I do not have eno ugh money to buy anything to we

14、igh it,5 I do have a kindof scale（天平）The judge asked,Then how do you weigh the butterM The farmer replied,Before the bakerstarted buying butter from 6,I had bought bread from him.So now every time whe n6I bring home the bread from the baker,I put it on the scale and give him the butter of the same w

15、eight.We 7 what we give to others in life.Whe never you take action,ask yourself this 8,Am I hon est?Hon esty or dish on esty can become a 9.Some dish on est people can lie(说谎)without a red face.Others lie so much that they do n ot eve n 10 what the truth is any more.But who is itbad for?As a matter

16、 of fact,those who lie will hurt themselves by their own dish on est behaviour.本文通过一个买肉和买面包不给足斤两的故事，告诉我们诚信的重要性。同时指出其实诚实或者不诚 实会成为一种习惯。【答案解析】()1.A.gaveB.fedC threwD.sold()2.A.weighB.watch,cutD.use()3.A./B.aCanD.the()4.A.richB.poorchon est D.quiet()5.A.and B.soC.butDor()6.A.I B.myC.meD.mi ne()7.A.get b

17、ackB.look backcgive backD.turn back()8.A.an swerB.questi onC.help D.idea()9.A.differe neeB.habitC 一mistakeD.difficulty()10.A.StudyB.meanC.imagi neD.know【篇章导读】1.Dgave“给”：fed“喂养”：threw“扔”；sold“卖”。根据后边面包师称肉的重量，可知是卖给他的肉。/句意为竹也决定称肉的重量。根i i下句的料igh也可以选择。乳D前边提到了农民，再次提到用也4.B农民说自己因淘穷而不能买起称。5 没有钱买能称重量的东西也没有天平。

18、6上 氐5为介词，后加宾格代词。7.A get back 回来：得到回 J 艮;look back 往回看；give back 归还yturn back 作专身 句:：；生活中我fi瞄予别人什么，也会从给别人那里得到什么”。8.E问自己这个问题9.B根据下一句Some dishonest 可知诚实与不诚实都people can lie（说谎）without a red face.7会成为习惯。10.D句意为：其他人说谎太多，以至于不知道真正的事情是什么了。Passage 2A young man was in terested in jade(玉)ston es.So he went to M

19、r.Smith,a gemologist(玉石家),to learn from him.Mr.Smith refused because he feared that the young man would not have the 1 to lear n.Theyoung man asked for a cha nee aga in and aga in.2 Mr.Smith agreed andtold him,“Be here tomorrow.The next morning the young man came.Mr.Smith put a jade stone in the you

20、ng man s hand and told him to 3it.He the n went about his work.The young man sat quietly and waited.The follow ing morning,Mr.Smith aga in 4 a jade stone in the y oung mans hand and toldhim to hold it.On the third,fourth,and 5 day,Mr.Smith did the same thing and repeated his 6.On the sixth day,theyo

21、ung man held the jade stone,7 he could no Ion ger sta nd the silenee.When am I going to learn something?”asked the young man.You will learn,said M r.Smith and went about his work.Several more days went by and the young man felt very 8.One morning he was asked to doit once more.As soon as he held it,

22、the young man shouted 9 look ing a_t his hand,“This isnot the same jade stone!M“You have begun to 10.said M r.Smith.()1.A.cha nee B.ability C.patie nee D.time()2.A.Slowly B.Sile ntly C.QuicklyD.Fi nally()3.A.cut B.hold C.touch Dwatch()4.A.placed B.took C.gave。sent()5.A.third B.fourth C.fifthD.sixth(

23、)6.A.in struct ions B.suggest!ons C.promisesD.decisions()7.A.and B.but C.or D.so()8.A.un happy B.excited C.surprised D.pleased()9.A.at B.on C.withoutD.by()10.A.refuse B.follow C.acceptD.learn8【篇章导读】本 文 讲 述 了 一 位 年 轻 的 玉 石 爱 好 者 向 玉 石 专 家 求 学，玉 石 专 家 考 验 这 位 年 轻 是 否 有 耐 心 的 故 事。【答案解析】1.C跳读下文可知，玉石专家多闪

24、考验年轻人的耐心，推断此处这位专家担心年轻人没有耐心学习。故选C。2.D根据后一句可知，史密斯先生在年轻人多次请求后，最后终于答应了年轻人，让他跟他学习玉石。故选Db3.B跳读后文所述，年轻人一连很多天都举着玉石得知此处，史密斯先生让年轻人第一次举玉石。故选 B。4.A联系前文可知，史密斯先生再次把一块玉石放在年轻人的手中，选项中只有 place与put同义。故选A。5.C根据前面的thirds fourth推断此处是fifth。故选C。乩A A项 意 为“安 排，才旨导3 B项意为疔建议亡项意为承诺。D项 意 为“决定3本句句意：史 密 昕 先生做看同样的事情重复着他的安排。故选小7 B理解

25、前后句，可知到了第六夭，这位年轻人不再沉默地站看，情况发生了变化，用表转折的连词but。故选肌8.A根据后文年轻人大叫起来，推断他再次重复叹前的事，他不高兴了它故选拱9 分析as soon as一.就”的意思，推断这位年轻人没育看手上的玉石就知道了这块玉石与以前的不 同 了 故选B10.D联系上文，年轻人能够很快判断出玉石的不同，推断史密斯先生认为年轻人其实开始学习了。故选DoPassage 3Anne is a newspaper reporter.She chose this 1 so she could travel around the world.Thework has taught

26、 her many un forgettable less ons.She has see n wars,earthquakes and death.Butshe has 2 seen courage,hope and happ in ess.Last year,she won an award for her reporting in Africa.She was very proud 3 jt At first,she thought she got the award because of her good work.But the n she realized that she sho

27、uldthank many other people for 4 help.Anne was born in Jamaica.Her family was not poor,but it was not 5,either.Her pare ntshad to 6 hard so that she could go to school.At school,Anne was not a good stude nt,7 _she enjoyed writing because her English teacher said,“Anne,you are a wonderful 8.The9teach

28、er en couraged her all the time.Later,Anne went to uni versity in Can ada and the n 9 for a job.It was very difficult.Then,one day,she went to see the editor of a n ewspaper in Ottawa.The editor gave her a job.Everyone n eeds a10at first.He said.()1.A.bookB.jobC.sweaterD.picture()2.A.still B.neverC.

29、alsoD.only()3.A.toB.ofC.forD,from()4.A.myB.hisC.ourD.their()5.A.richB.newC.smallD.big()6.A.study B.walkC.workD.play()7.A.butB.if.becauseDso()8.A.farmer B.nurseC.doctorD.writer()9.A.looked B.madeC.joi nedDf 7found()10.A.ticket B.hobbyC.chaneeD habit【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要向我们介绍了 名新闻记者的工作事迹，并以倒叙的形式向我们展示了她成功的

30、原因得益于老师们给予的鼓励和锻炼机会。【答案解析】1.B考查名词词义辨析。句 意：她选择了这份工作，所以她可以周游世界。故选 B。2.B考查句意理解。联系前句判断句意：她见过了战争、地震和死亡，但她却从未见过勇气、希望和幸福。根据but判断前后句意形成对比反差。故选 B。3.B考查短语搭配。固定短语be proud o f，为 而 自 豪。故 选B。4*D考查物主代词&根据句中other people判断空处使用their故 选IU5-A考查形容词词义辨析。句 意：她的家虞并不穷困 但也不富裕“HchM有的,n聊新的；mail小的；big大的*故选小6-C考 查 句 意 理 解study习？可

31、alk走路？work I作play玩。她的父母为了能让她上学不得不辛苦 劳动故选C 0Z考查连词辨析。句 意：在学校，Amu并不是名出色的学生，但她喜欢写作，根句章判断空处表示傅折10意 义。故选乩8.D考查句意理解和名词辨析。farmer农 夫；nurse护士；doctor医 生：writer作家。结合前句句意判断，“她喜欢写作，因为她的英语老师说她是一位优秀的作家。”故选 D。9.A查短语搭配。固定短语look fo r，寻找。句意：后 来Anne去了加拿大上大学，然后找工作。故选 A。10.C考查句意理解和名词辨析。ticket票；hobby爱 好；chanee机 会；habit习惯。根

32、据句意判断：编11辑说，开始的时候人人都需要一个机会（来证明自己）。故选CoPassage 4A teenage girl couldn t stand her parents family rules,so sheleft home.She wan ted to be L But she had poor educati on and several years later shehad to ask for food on the street for a living.Nowher father has died.Her mother is anold woman.But she is

33、still 2 her daughter.She has bee n to every corner of the city.Everywhere she goes,she 3 a big photo of herself熟悉).“Is that myon the wall.At the lower part of the photo she writes,I still love you.,4 homeOne day,the daughter saw one of the photos.The face was familiar(mother?She moved closer and rea

34、d the 5:1 still love you.She cried.When she got home,it was early morning.She 6 the doo r.The door opened itself.She rushed to her mother s7.Her mother was sleeping.She woke her mother up,*1t s me!Y our 8 is back home!”Themother and daughter held each other,full of 9 tears.The daughter asked,“Why is

35、 the doornot locked?A thief could get in.”The mother answered 10,“The door has never been lockedsince you left.”The doo r of parents love for their children will never be closed.【篇章导读】本文讲述一个女孩忍受不了父母的家规而出走。可怜的母亲到处寻找，当女儿看到父母一直在寻找她()1.A.famousB poorC.prettyD.clever()2.A.looking throughB look ing afterC

36、.look ing over D.looking for()3.A.looks atB puts upC.finds outD.puts on()4.A.come backB go backC.run back D.return to()5.A.photoB wordsC.poster D.cards()6.A.pulled openB uni ockedC.knocked onD.closed()7.A.bathroomB bedroomC.kitche n D.bale ony()8.A.sonB daughterC.gra ndchildD.sister()9.A.h appyB moo

37、dyC.angryD.safe()10.A.politelyB exactlyC.luckilyD.softly的信息后半夜回到家中，母亲的门却敞开着。当女儿问母亲为什么夜里睡觉不关门时，母亲说自从你走后12这个门就一直开着一一父母爱的大门永远向子女们敞开着。【答案解析】1 根据所给选项的i司义可知此处选择famous八出名的秤最合适。2因为女儿出走，妈 妈 就“寻找笃四个选项中只有“吐 皿有灯寻找踣的意思。3.B本 句 意 为“把她自己的照片贴在墙上3 Plit up“张贴叫4.A女儿出走，妈妈希望她回冢*came back home”回家反B 妒的应是如rd八话巴即妈妈张贴的照片和上面的话

38、。亦根据上下句意思的要求，这里knk on 最合适占7.B由后面的句子H亡工mother vas sleeping的提ZF可判断这里应该选bedrooms8 B本题考查表称谓的名词女儿”是d 桁“日_ L母女相见当然高兴）此处选斶曲最合语境。10*D softly”温柔地”，这里用softly最能体现母亲对女儿的爱。Passage 5A womansaw three old mensitting outside the door.She said,I don*t think I knowyou,but you must be very hun gry.Please come in and ha

39、vesomething 1,We dont go into a house 2 they replied.“Why is that?”she asked.One of the old men an swered,His n ame is Wealth（财富）,this is Success,and I am Love.Then he said,“Now go in and3 with your family which one of us you want in your house.The woman went i n and told her family what had happene

40、d,she said,nLet s invite Wealth.We have been so 4 _.Her husband disagreed,“My dear,why don t we invite Success?Don 1 tyou want me to be a successful man?Then her daughter asked,HWould it be 5_to invite Love?Our life will then be filled with love!In the end the family decided to take the 6 advice.The

41、 woman went out and asked,_7_one of you is Love?Please come in and be our guest.Love got up and started walking to thehouse.The other two also got up and 8 him.Surprised,the lady asked Wealth and Success,“I _9 _ invite Love.Why are you coming along?The two old men answered,“If you had invitedWealth

42、or Success,the other two would have to stay out,but since you have in vited Love.10 _13本文介绍了一家人在爱、成 功、财富中三者中选择，他们最终选择了爱，同 时，爱带来了成功和财富。he goes,we go with him.Where there is Love,there is Wealth and Success.()1.A.to say B.to eat C.to useD.to drink()2.A.togetherB.aloneC.crowdedlyD.1 on ely()3.A.playB.e

43、xerciseC.agreeD.discuss()4.A.poorB.richC.luckyD.happy()5.A.worseB.betterC.lessD.more()6.A.father sB.mother sC.daughter 1 sD.parents()7.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom()8.A.leftB.followedC.stoppedD.pulled()9.A.onlyB.hard lyC.neverD.almost()10.A.whe neverB.whateverC.howeverD.wherever【篇章导读】有爱就有成功和财富，财富和成功总是伴随

44、着爱发生。【答案解析】L B由题中hungry可知后面应是something to e a t，故 选B2.A由第三段最后一句 which one of us you want in your house.可知他们三人不能同时进入 所以应选A。3.C play with 人 玩 ；exarcise 做锻炼邛二者都不符合题青；discuss with sb”镭哄人讨论”通过第五段内容可知：一家人在讨论应该邈请谁。选64.A poor贫穷的,rich富有的 Jucky运 的 ，虫lets invite%j也可知他们想萝邀请财富，渴望财富，所以他们的生活应该一直很穷。故选从5龙 根据下文：我们的生活

45、将会充满爱。可知女儿希望邀请爰。故此句意：邀请爱不罡吗？幸福，成功 爱三者可供选择，所以迭最高级。故选肌C 从 Oux life will then be filled with love!口 F 文 LoAe got up and started walk ing to the house 可知 采纳了女儿的建议，邀 请 了 喈。故 选67.A根据上文内容开始是妻子出去的，所以丈夫不知道哪一个是“爱”，所以当他出去邀请“爱”的时候要 问“你们哪一个是爱？”故选 A。8.Bleft“离开”，follow“跟随”，stop“停止”，pull“拉，托”，根据下文女主人的表现以及14we go wi

46、th him”可知 Wealth和Success“跟着”幸福进来了。故选 B9.A only”仅仅“，hardly 几乎不 ，never”从 不，绝不 almost大多数”从上文可知主人只邀请了“爱”。故 选A10.D根据下文：哪里有成功与爱，哪里就有成功与幸福。可 知：无论他(爱)去那里，我们(幸福与成功)都会跟着他。故选 D。Passage 6The most positive(乐观的)person I have ever seen is my dad!He is so positive that I do not1 hearing a single word from him which

47、 is related(相关的)to hopelessness!Un like most mums and dads,my dad n ever says things that make me feel 2.He is alwaysthere to give me encouragement and help.3 I do wrong things,he always tells me whafs right in a positive way.Forexample,if I am in 4,he often tells me to open the books he boughtme.Th

48、e n he asks me to read the 5 that can help me with the problems rm faci ng.After that,we have a 6 together.Even though rm not always a good kid,my dad 7 shouts or gets angry with me.I know that hes 8 a day a daywhe n I grow up and un dersta nd things in my life.I can see the reas on that he is so po

49、sitive is because he believes in 9.And he believes_本文是一篇记叙文。围绕着父亲对我生活中做事的处理方法和态度，进步一步向我们展示了他积极乐观的心态，值得我们借鉴和学习，也表达了小作者对父亲的爱戴和敬重。that whatever 10 工it is u nder con trol.So we have nothing to worry about.Be positive!()1.A.mindB.keepC.likeD.remember()2.A.goodB.badC.richD.poor()3.A.WhenB.UntilC.BeforeD.S

50、i nee()4.A.fearB.troubleC.surprise0.danger()5.A.titlesB.ordersC.storiesD.questio ns()6.A.discussi onB.practiceC.meet ingD.review()7.A.usuallyB.everC.sometimesD.never()8.A.look ing forB.worryi ng aboutC.wait ing for D.thinking about()9.A.itselfB.myselfC.himself D.yourself()10.A.moves【篇章导读】B.happensC.