2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习专题05（8AU1-U4）.pdf

《2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习专题05（8AU1-U4）.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习专题05（8AU1-U4）.pdf（26页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题05 8AU1-U4 一轮复习8A U nitl知识点高频词汇考 点 1 honest ad j.诚 实 的；正直的（教材P7 Welcome）知识精讲 honest的首字母h 不 发 音，其读音的第一个音素是元音音素，因此当honest前面需要用不定冠词时，应该用an。dishonest意为“不诚实的”，前面的不定冠词用a。如：an honest man 一个诚实的人a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩考点精练1.Dont tell lies!No one is willing to make friends with（honest）people.2.一 Look!Whos

2、girl in a red skirt over there?一 Oh,she is my sister,Kate.She is honest girl.A.that;a B.this;the C.this;a D.that;an 答案 dishonest D考点 2 humorous a d j.幽默的（教材 P7 Welcome）知识精讲 humorous是形容词，其名词形式为humour,意为“幽默”。如：My uncle has a good sense of humour.我的叔叔很有幽默感。考点精练 Why is Mike so popular in your class?一 Be

3、cause he always tells jokes.He is.A.humorous B.polite C.honest D.friendly 答案 A考点3 bored ad j.无聊的（教材P8 Reading）知识精讲 bored和 boring都可指“无 聊 的，乏味的“，而且都是形容词，但 bored 一般用于说明人对某事物的感受，而 boring 一般用于修饰令人感到无聊或乏味的人或事物。be/get bored with sb./sth.对某人/某物感到乏味be/get bored with doing sth.对做某事感到厌倦类彳以的单词有：surprisingsurpri

4、sed;amazingamazed;interestinginterested;exciting-excited 等。考点精练1.The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away.Its r eal l y（amaze）.2.We are very about the graduation ceremony next Saturday.We cant wait to be there.A.boring B.bored C.excited D.exciting3.Do you

5、 find yourself getting impatient or with people over unimportant things?A.bored B.boring C.tiring D.angrily 答案 amazing C A考点 4 choose vt.&v i.选 择；挑选（教材 PIO Reading）知识精讲 choose的过去式为chose，过去分词为chosen，现在分词为choosing，名词形式为choice.?choose to do sth.选择做某事choose sb.as/to be.选某人当.choose how to do sth.选择如何做某事m

6、ake a choice做出选择考点精练1 .Since it will be rainy tomorrow,we have to（选择）a different time to go jogging.2.When you have the（选择）of being right or being kind,choose being kind.答案 choose choice考点 5 height n.高，高度（教材 P12 Grammar）知识精讲 height的形容词形式为high，意为“高的”。in height在高度上at the height o f.在.的顶点考点精练1.You have

7、 set a good example for me,and Ill try my best to reach the（high）as you did.2.He is afraid of（height）places,so he never travels by air.答案 height high考点6 unhappy ad j.不快乐的，悲伤的（教材P17 Task）知识精讲 在 英 语 中，有时会在某些形容词前面加前缀un,表 示 否 定 的 含 义，类似的词有：necessaryunnecessary;ableunable;welcomeunwelcome;realunreal;like

8、-unlike;clear-unclear;clean-unclean 等。表示否定意义的前缀还有dis,ir,im,in等，如:honest-dishonest possibleimpossiblecorrectincorrect regular-irregular考点精练1.The boy failed the exam,so he felt ver y（happy）.2.Shirley is an early bird.It was（usual）for her to be late for school today.3.Sandy seemed this morning.Do you k

9、now what was wrong?A.satisfied B.relaxed C.amazed D.unhappy 答案 unhappy unusual D易混词汇考点 1 believe 与 believe in（教材 P7 Welcome）知识精讲 believe表示相信某人的话、相信某事等。believe in表示“信 任；信仰”，多指品德上的相信。如：Dont believe his words.He always tells lies.别相信他的话。他总是撒谎。I believe in her,so I believe what she says.我信任她，因此我相信她说的话。考

10、点精练一 Im worried about tomorrows talent show.一 Be confident!If you dont yourself,nobody will.A.believe in B.think of C.believe D.talk of 答案 A考点 2 in,among 与 of（教材 P8 Reading）知识精讲1在含有形容词或副词最高级的句子中，常用含介词in,among或 o f的短语作状语来表示比较范围。其区别如下：主语与状语中所表示的人或物属于同一概念范畴的用o f,不属于同一概念范畴的用in;among后通常接代词宾格、指示代词these,th

11、ose以及没有数词修饰的复数名词，这一用法中形容词最高级后往往有名词。考点精练l.He climbed up the tree and hid（在.中）the branches.2.Some the students are from the UK.Theyll stay here for a month.A.of B.among C.in D.between 答案 among B核心句型考点 1 Can I have something to drink?我能喝点什么吗？（教材 P6 Welcome）知识精讲 本句用于征求对方意见，希望能够得到对方的肯定回答，表委婉语气。something

12、todrink 一些喝的东西，此结构中to drink为动词不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词somethingo 不定式修饰不定代词时.，应放在不定代词的后面。考点精练1.Excuse me,could you tell me where I can buy s o me t h i n g?There is a supermarket ahead.A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.ate2.Would you like to drink?Yes,please.I am thirsty.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.none 答案 C A考

13、点2 What about some m ilk?喝点牛奶怎么样？（教材P6 Welcome）知识精讲 What about.?怎么样？日常交往中，向对方提建议的方法有以下几种：1.用 LeTs或 Shall I/we来表示对第一人称的建议，用法为“Lets+动词原形”或“Shall I/we+动词原形？2.表示对第一人称和第二人称的建议用“Why don*t we/you+动词原形+其他？”或“Why not+动词原形+其他？3.-What/Howabout.?”意为“怎么样/好吗？:这个句型常用来询问消息、征求意见或建议，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词。4.Would you like(to

14、 do).你想要/愿意(做).吗？考点精练21.It is raining outside.How a b o u t(t a k e)an umbrella with you?2.We will have a big basketball game next week,but we still need a player.Why not Bryan to join the game?He is fantastic.A.invite B.to invite C.inviting D.invited3.Its nearly lunchtime.How about having some nood

15、les and dumplings?A.Youre welcome B.Thats all right C.Thats nice of you D.That sounds good 答案 Jtaking A D重点语法：形容词的比较级和最高级（教材Pll Grammar）1.比较级表示“较”或“更”，如：larger（更 大 的，较大的）;最高级表示“最”，如：largest（最大的）。2.比较级和最高级的构成（1）单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加e r或 est构成比较级或最高级，此类形容词也称规则变化的形容词。在词尾加后缀时要注意：一般情况：直接加 er 或 est，如：tall一talle

16、r一tallest 以 e 结尾的：力 口 r 或 s t,如：nicenicernicest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词：先 变 y 为 i,再 加 e r或 est,如：happyhappierhappiest;busybusier-busiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词：双写最后一个辅音字母，再加e r 或 est,如：big-bigger-biggest;thin-thinner-thinnest;hothotter-hottestTom is the tallest one of the three.汤姆是三个人中最高的。多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加m ore或 m o

17、st构成比较级或最高级，如：usefulmoreuseful-most useful;difficultmore difficultmost difficult(3)不规则变化：原 级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbadworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest3.形容词比较级的常见句式(1)通常用“比较级+than”来引出比较的第二部分。我们用“Which.+比较级，.or.?”句型来表示在两者中进行选择。(

18、3)我们可在比较级前加上a little,much,even等词来表示程度。(4)我们用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构来表示人或事物本身程度的改变。My mother has become much busier than before since she changed her job.我妈妈自从换了工作之后比以前忙了很多。4.形容词最高级的常见句式(1)我们用“形容词性物主代词+最高级”的结构来表示某人或某事物 最(2)我们用“the+最高级+比较范围”的结构来表示某一范围内，某人或某事物“最”，介 词 o f 和among后面接表示范围的人或物，in 后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。

19、(3)我们可以用序数词修饰形容词最高级。This book is the best among the modern novels.这本书是现代小说中最好的。考点精练1.一 Would you like to go to the city and live with us,Granny?一 Oh,dear,Im used to the life in the country.I think life here is.A.more comfortable B.less comfortableC.the most comfortable D.the least comfortable2.Yao M

20、ing is one of players in the world.He is my hero.A.Better B.the best C.worse D.the worst3.一 Guess what?The university has accepted my application!Wow!Thafs news Ive heard this year,Boris!Lets celebrate!A.a worse B.the worst C.a better D.the best4.How did you feel when you talked to Miss Sun,Billy?At

21、 first I didnt know what to say,but later the warmth of her voice made me feel.A.more nervous B.less nervous C.more serious D.less serious5.一 Why didnt you cry for help when you were robbed?If I opened my mouth at that time,they might find my four gold teeth.That would beA.bad B.much worse C.worst D

22、.the worst6.our country g e t s,t h e people will be,which is well known.A.The stronger;the happier B.The more strong;the more happyC.The stronger;the happy D.The strong;the happier7.Roy never likes junk food.一 Neither do I.Thats probably why Im becoming now.A.healthy and healthy B.more and more hea

23、lthilyC.weaker and weaker D.healthier and healthier 答案 ABDDBAD8A Unit2知识点高频词汇考点 1 British ad j.英国的（教材 P19 Welcome）知识精讲 British，形 容 词，意为“英国的“，可作定语和表语，名 词 Britain意为“英 国，大不列颠”。如：My uncle is a British man.=My uncle is British.我叔叔是英国人。Im Chinese,but my wife is from Britain,我是中国人，但我的妻子来自英国。考点2 mixed a d j

24、.男女混合的；混合的（教材P20 Reading）知识精讲 mixture,名 词，意为“混合物”；mix,动 词，意为“使 混 合；混合工a mixed school 一所男女混合学校mix u p 混 合，搅匀考点精练1.Our school is a。昆合的）school,and many students have lessons together.2.Put the ingredients in the bowl and,please.A.mix them up B.mix it up C.mix up them D.mix up it 答案 mixed A考点 3 foreign

25、ad j.外国的（教材 P20 Reading）知识精讲 foreign常用在名词前修饰名词，作定语。a foreign language 一门外语;foreign countries外国。其名词形式为foreigner,意为“外国人”。考点精练1.The（外国的）teacher is helping him get ready fbr the English competition.2.Seeing these wonderful works of art,the（foreign）simply couldnt believe their own eyes.答案 foreign foreign

26、ers考点4 discuss v t.讨 论，议论（教材P20 Reading）知识精讲 discuss后面直接跟宾语而不需要用介词，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或从句，不可跟动词不定式。discuss的名词形式为discussionodiscuss sth.with s b.与某人讨论某事discuss with sb.=have a discussion with sb.与某人讨论考点精练1.After hours of（discuss）,they let through the report in the end.2.It sounds like a good plan,but you

27、 should it with your parents first.A.keep B.learn C.discuss D.choose 答案 discussion C考点 5 number of.的数量(教材 P25 Integrated skills)知识精讲 number of用于句中时，前面要加the。1.the number o f后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。2.a number o f意为“若干”，可用small,large,great修饰number，后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。考点精练1.Every year,a great number

28、o f(p o l i c e ma n)work hard to provide us with safety.2.In our school library there a number of books on science and the number of the booksgrowing.A.are;is B.is;are C.is;is D.are;are 答案 policemen A考点6 daily ad j.每 日 的，日常的徽材P27 Study skills)知识精讲有些名词可以在词尾加上l y 变为相应的形容词，如：week-weekly;month-monthly;

29、friend-friendly o考点精练1.According to a survey,the average number of steps of people across the world is 4,961.A.daily B.weekly C.monthly D.yearly2.T h e(w e e k)TV show Readers hosted by Dong Qing has recently become a hot topic in China.答案 A weekly考点7 look through浏 览，快速查看(教材P27 Study skills)知识精讲 loo

30、k up t o 瞧 得 起，尊重look u p 查阅（字典、书等）look up to sth.抬头看某物look o u t当 心，小心 look fo r寻找look down on sb./sth.瞧不起某人/某事look over查 看，过目考点精练look around环顾四周1.Youd better your notes before you do your homework every evening.OK,I will,Mum.A.look through B.look out C.look after D.look around2.Why do you Liu Hula

31、n?Because she is a great heroine.A.look like B.look down C.look over D.look up to 答案 A D易混词汇考点 1 offer,provide,give 与 supply（教材 P20 Reading）知识精讲 四个词都有“供 给，供应”之 意，它们之间的区别主要在结构上。offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.provide sb.with sth.=provide sth.lor sb.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.考点精练1.In the past five yea

32、rs,China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.It has many nations a great chance to communicate.A.offered B.provided C.supplied D.directed 答案 A考点 2 farther 与 further（教材 P24 Grammar）知识精讲1.farther 与 further 都是形容词和副词 far 的比较级：farfartherfarthest;farfurtherfurthest2.farther 一般只用于表示有形距离的“较 远，

33、更远3.further表示程度上“更深一步”的抽象概念。考点精练1.Who j umps（far）,M汰 e or George?Mike does.2.With the（far）development of modem medicine,most eye diseases will be treated or cured.答案 farther further考点 3 finish 与 complete（教材 P28 Task）知识精讲1这两个词的含义都是“做 完，完成”,有时可以互换，但有时它们也有区别。finish侧重表示过去某个时间着手做的事已经做完，或者表示对已经做完的事进行核实加工。

34、complete侧重表示完成某项工作，特别是某一项任务或某项工作圆满结束。考点精练The second C919 large passenger plane its first flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport onDecember 17th,2017.A.started B.completed C.finished D.ended 答案 B考点 4 work hard,hard work 与 hard working（教材 P18 Welcome）知识精讲 work hard结构为“动词+副词”，意为“努力学习，努力工作”;har

35、d work结构为“形容词+名词”，意为“艰苦的工作 hardworking为复合词，意为“勤 奋 的，勤劳的”。Mike is a hardworking student who works really hard at his study.迈克是一位勤奋的学生，学习上非常刻苦。She is a hardworking girl.She works hard.她是个勤奋的女生。她努力工作。考点精练1.,or you wont do well in your lessons.OK,1 will.A.Dont work hard B.Work hard C.Hard work D.Working

36、 hard6.After many ye a r s*,she realized her dream of winning a gold medal in the Olympics.A.hard work B.work hard C.hardworking D.working hard 答案 BA核心句型考 点 1 I read an article by a boy from the U SA.我读了一篇由一个美国男孩写的文章。（教 材 P22Reading）知识精讲 an article by.相当于an article written by，意为”一篇由.写 的 文 章 by是 介 词，

37、连接article的后置定语（编著者、导演、作曲者、演唱者等）。考点精练一 Tom,have you ever read the book A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens?Yes.I finished reading it last winter vacation.A.wrote B.to write C.writing D.written 答案 D考点2 I also keep writing in English about my daily life,我也坚持用英语写关于我的日常生活。（教材 P27 Study skills）知识精讲 ke

38、ep（on）doing sth.意为“继续/重复做某事”，表示动作或状态的持续或重复，动作是由主语本身执行的。keep sb.doing sth.意为“让某人持续做某事，keep在这里有“使处于某种状态”之 意，动作不是由主语来完成，而是由宾语sb.来完成的。考点精练1.Mr.Black,you are becoming healthier and healthier.Please keep on.A.ran B.to run C.runs D.running 答案 B重点语法考 点 1 比较事物的数量（教材P23 Grammar）知识精讲 我们可以用more.than和 fewer/less

39、.than来比较人或事物的数量。用 the most表示最多的数量，用 the fewest/the least表示最少的数量。1.more.than比.多.，其中more是形容词many或 much的比较级，后面可以跟不可数名词或复数名词。2.fewer/less.than比.少.，其中fewer是形容词few的比较级，后面跟复数名词；less是形容词little的比较级，后面跟不可数名词。3.most是形容词many或 much的最高级，意为“最多的“。当三者或三者以上的人或事物作比较时，最大的数量用the most表 示，后面可以跟复数名词或不可数名词。4.fewest,least分别是

40、形容词few和 little的最高级，意为“最少的”。当三者或三者以上的人或事物作比 较 时，最少的数量用the fewest或 the least表示。the fewest后面跟复数名词，the least后面跟不可数名词。5.more,most,less和 least还可以用作副词，后面跟多音节形容词、副词和部分双音节形容词、副词构成相应的比较级和最高级。考点2 副词的比较级和最高级（教材P24 Grammar）知识精讲 副词的比较级和最高级与形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法相同，即单音节副词大多数在词尾分别加飞尸或“est”构成比较级或最高级；多音节副词和部分双音节副词分别在词前加mor

41、e或 m ost构成比较级或最高级。如：fast-faster-fastestearly-earlier_ earliesthappilymore happily-most happily另外还有副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化。如：wellbetterbest badlyworse-worstmuch-more-most little-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthest副词最高级前的the常常省略。如：Which sport do you like best,swimming,running or shooting?你最喜欢哪一项运

42、动，游泳、跑步还是射击？I know I can run faster than all of you.我知道我可以跑得比你们全部都还要快。8A Unit3知识点高频词汇考点 1 get off 下车（教材 P32 Reading）知识精讲 get off的反义短语为get on;表示“上小汽车/出租车“用 get into the car/taxi，表示“下小汽车/出租车”用 get out of the car/taxi考点精练1.1 took the subway and at the downtown station.A.got through B.got over C.got on

43、D.got off 答案 D考点2 interest n.令人感兴趣的事(或人);兴趣(教材P32 Reading)知识精讲 interest可以作名词，也可以作动词，意为“使(人)产 生 兴 趣 interest的形容词形式有interesting(有趣的)和 interested(感兴趣的)。interesting 的比较级是 more interesting，最高级是 mostinterestingo interesting可作表语或定语，指物或人本身能引起兴趣。interested意为“感兴趣的”，只能作表语，其主语一般是人。show(an)interest in sth.在某方面有兴

44、趣be/become/get interested in(doing)sth.对(做)某事感兴趣create an interest in.对.产生兴趣考点精练1.Tom began to show a s p e c i a l(i n t e r e s t)in painting in his childhood.2.The two halves of the town face each other,and both h a v e(i n t e r e s t)churches.3.National Treasure quickly rose to the top televisi

45、on rating ranks after it was presented on CCTV.It meansa growing in traditional culture among Chinas youth.A.interest B.interesting C.habit D.interested 答案 interest interesting A考点3 climber n.登 山 者，攀爬者(教材P36 Grammar)知识精讲 climber的动词形式为climb,意为“爬；攀爬”。考点精练Perhaps the bags are fbr t h o s e(c l i mb)at

46、the top of the hill.答案 climbers考点4 useful ad j.有 用 的，有益的(教材P39 Study skills)知识精讲 1.useful前不定冠词只能用a，而不能用an，因其第一个音素是辅音/j/。2.useful的介词搭配对于人用t。,对于目的用fore useful是形容词，是由名词变来的。名词变为形容词有以下三种常见形式：(1)力 口 后 缀 ful:carecareful;wonderwonderful(2)加后缀 y:wind一windy;rain一rainy(3)其他形式：friend-friendly;interestinterestin

47、g3.useful的反义词是useless，意为“无用的在英语中，有些名词或动词在词尾加后缀less,构成表示否定意义的形容词。如：use使用一 useless无 用 的；hope希望一hopeless绝 望 的；help帮助一helpless无 助 的；care关 心，在意一careless粗心的。另 外，有些形容词还可以在词前加前缀un帮助其构成表示否定意义的形容词。如：important重要的一unimportanl不重要的。考点精练1.It is w(wi n d)now.Im afraid it is going to rain soon.2.Failure isnrt always

48、 bad.It can teach y o u(u s e)lessons.3.It seems to b e(h o p e)to get into the amusement park.Lets go back home.4.In fact,its his son who(c a r e)left the door open all night.5.When they f e l l(h e l p)after the flood,the charity offered them food and clothes.6.I dont like soap operas because I th

49、ink they a r e(me a n i n g).7.The story of his trouble seemed to b e(e n d).8.Mum can c o o k(t a s t e)meals and we like eating them very much.9.Last night Mary wa s(s l e e p),so she feels very tired and wants to sleep now.10.They w e r e(l u c k y)to lose the match.答案1-5 windy useful hopeless ca

50、relessly helpless6-10 meaningless endless tasty sleepless unlucky易混词汇考点 1 finally,at last 与 in the end(教材 P32 Reading)知识精讲 finally 一般没有感情色彩，通常在列举事物或论点时，将它放在句首以引出最后一项内容。此 外，finally还可以用在句中动词前面，表示“终于”，但感情色彩不浓。at last带有较浓厚的感情色彩，常用来表示经过一番努力或曲折之后的结果。in the end表示经过许多变化和不定的情况 之 后，某事才发生。有时可以与at last互换。考点精练1.