2021年高考英语真题试卷（全国乙卷）.pdf

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1、2021年高考英语真题试卷（全国乙）一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）（共4题；共30分）1.阅读理解The Biggest Stadiums in the WorldPeople have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.In around 8 A.Q.,the R omansbuilt the Colosseum,which remains the worlds best known stadium are continues t

2、o inform contemporarydesign.R omes Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances,seating 50,000 people.However,that wassmall fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus,which accommodated around 250,000 people.These days,safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fans desire for a good vi

3、ew and acomfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seateach;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far,which ranksthem by their stat

4、ed permanent capacity,as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All these stadiums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.Rungrado 1st of May Stadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R-Korea.Capacity.150,000.Opened.May 1,1989.Michigan Stadium,Ann Arbor,M

5、ichigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October 1,1927.Beaver Stadium,State College,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September 17,I960.Ohio Stadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October 7,1922.Kyle Field,College Station,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September 24,1927.（1）How many

6、people could the Circus Maximus hold?A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About 150,000.D.About 250,000.（2）Of the following stadiums,which is the oldest?A.Michigan Stadium.B.Beaver Stadium.C.Ohio Stadium.D.Kyle Field.（3）What do the listed stadiums have in common?A.They host big games.B.They have become tourist att

7、ractionsC.They were built by Americans.D.They are favored by architects【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)A【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上最大的几座体育馆的相关信息。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2.阅读理解When almost everyone has a mobile phone,why are more than half of Australian homes still paying

8、for alandline(座机)These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobilephone.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive callsanywhere,anytime.Still,55 percent of Australians have a landline phone a

9、t home and only just over a quarter(29%)rely onlyon their smartphones,according to a survey(调 查).Of those Australians who still have a landline,a thirdCQ Q Cede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they neveruse it while a further 13 percent keep i

10、t in case of emergencies.I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is naturally afactor(因 素)-only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,compared to 84 percent ofBaby Boomers who*ve perhaps

11、had the same home number for 50 years.Age isnt the only factor;Id say its alsoto do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families,like my wife and I,can still find it convenient to have a home phonerather than providing a mobile phone for every family member.That said,to be h

12、onest the only people whoever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents,to the point where we play a game and guess who iscalling before we pick up the phone(using Caller ID would take the fun out of i t).How attached are you to your landline?How long until they go the way of gas street lamps

13、 and morningmilk deliveries?(1)What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A.Their target users.B.Their wide popularity.C.Their major functions.D.Their complex design.(2)What does the underlined word concede in paragraph 3 mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.R emember.D.R emark.(3)What can we say ab

14、out Baby Boomers?A.They like smartphone games.B.They enjoy guessing callers identity.C.They keep using landline phones.D.They are attached to their family.(4)What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A.lt remains a family necessity.B.lt will fall out of use some day.C.lt may in

15、crease daily expenses.D.lt is as important as the gas light.【答案】B(2)A(3)C(4)B【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，社会现象类，说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚人使用电话的情况。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3.阅读理解Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceansbetween 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter

16、 oceanecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference?Artist Benjamin Von Wongwants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage,foreing viewers tore-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the yea

17、r,the artist built a piece called Strawpocalypse,a pair of 10-foot-tall plasticwaves,frozen mid-crash.Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups,thesculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.Just 9%of globa

18、l plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源)of plasticpollution,but theyve recently come under fire because most people dont need them to drink with and,becauseof their small size and weight,they cannot be recycled.Every straw thats part of Von Wongs artwork like

19、lycame from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone,the straw will takecenturies to disappear.In a piece from 2018,Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明)a specific statistic:Every 60 seconds,atruckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work,titled Truckload of Pl

20、astic,Von Wong and a groupof volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic,which were then tied together to look like theydbeen dumped顷 修 i)from a truck all at once.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.(1)What are Von Wongs ar

21、tworks intended for?A.Beautifying the city he lives in.B.Introducing eco-friendly products.C.Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D.R educing garbage on the beach.(2)Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A.To show the difficulty of their recycling.B.To explain why they are u

22、seful.C.To voice his views on modern art.D.To find a substitute for them.(3)What effect would Truckload of Plastic have on viewers?A.Calming.B.DisturbingC.R efreshingD.Challenging.(4)Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Artists Opinions on Plastic SafetyB.Media Interest in Con

23、temporary ArtC.R esponsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures【答案】(I)c(2)A(3)B(4)D【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，科普环保类，记叙文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Von W ong通过用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，来表达了人类产生塑料垃圾会对环境造成影响，并希望人类能够减少塑料垃圾的产生。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答

24、案。4.阅读理解During an interview for one of my books,my interviewer said something I still think about often.Annoyedby the level of distraction(干his open office,he said,Thats why I have a membership at the coworkingspace across the street-so I can focus.His comment struck me as strange.After all,coworkin

25、g spaces alsotypically use an open office layout(布局).But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach worksThe researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creativethinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noi

26、se levels in the background,from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝),70 decibels,and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the groupswere statistically insignificant;however,the participants in the 70 decibels groupthose exposed to a level ofnoise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-si

27、gnificantly outperformed the other groups.Since theeffects were small,this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to totalsilence and 85 decibels of background noise.But since the results at 70 decibels were significant,the study also suggests that the right lev

28、el ofbackground noisenot too loud and not total silence-may actually improve ones creative thinking ability.Theright level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow ourimaginations to wander,without making it impossible to focus.This kind of distracted fo

29、cus appears to be thebest state for working on creative tasks.So why do so many of us hate our open offices?The problem may be that,in our offices,we cant stopourselves from getting drawn into others conversations while were trying to focus.Indeed,the researchersfound that face-to-face interactions

30、and conversations affect the creative process,and yet a coworking space ora coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.(1)Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?A.lt helps him concentrate.B.lt blocks out background noise.C.lt has a pleasa

31、nt atmosphere.D.lt encourages face-to-face interactions.(2)Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?A.Total silence.B.50 decibels.C.70 decibels.D.85 decibels.(3)What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?A.Personal privacy unprotected.B.Limited working space.C.R

32、estrictions on group discussion.D.Constant interruptions.(4)What can we infer about the author from the text?A.Hes a news reporter.B.Hes on office manager.C.Hes a professional designer.D.Hes a published writer.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了共同办公可以使人们更加集中经理投入工作。【点评】本

33、题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。二、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（共1题；共10分）5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。According to Jessica Hagy,author of How to Be Interesting,its not difficult to make yourself interesting at adinner part

34、y.,if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wandering into somebodys house for the firsttime.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.People love to talk about themselves.If you can start the conversation with a question other than“

35、What doyou do for a living?,youll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is youre talkingto.it can bring in I have this old,broken-down vehicle or I rode the bus with these crazy peoplewho were laughing at silly jokes in the back.It just opens up conversation.?If you c

36、ant take their wine away,you should certainly try to take away their soapbox（讲台）.lfyoure the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from thesituation._And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence?If youre faced with an awkward silence at

37、a dinner party,the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.Just quickly tun around and say,This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all aboutit.So being interesting at a dinner party isnt that hard.A.How do you know the hostB.The first

38、step is to go exploringC.If you ask the question How did you get here?,D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayF.What about that person who has had too much to drink or wont stop talkingG.He or she is the person w

39、ho is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most【答案】B；C；F；E；G【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何让自己在晚宴上变得有趣。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。三、语言知识运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）（共1题；共30分）6.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、（:和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Simp

40、ly saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations.I was considering this while working as a1 Just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of wordsthat express different 2 of gratitude（感谢）.My thoughts were soon 3.We had a woman patient who was 4

41、 froma knee replacement operation.One afternoon,while 5 to get into bed she collapsed（彳 到 下）from what was 6 discovered to be a heart attack.The collapse was disastrous,7 the emergency medical team and good teamwork.But she recovered,though8,and was ready for discharge（出院）after four weeks.She was 9 f

42、or everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On herday of discharge,we shared in her 10 at her recovery.As she was 11 shewas eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.When she 13 onenurse,she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand.My colleague 14 to accept it,sayi

43、ngthat we were all just 15 our job.The patient looked puzzled,and then 16:Oh this isnt for the 17 I had.I take that as a 18.No,this is for setting myhair yesterday.And there you have it.To many people,19 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _20 and should be rewarded.1.A.cleaner B.chemist

44、 C.nurse D.doctor2.A.grades B.meanings C.needs D.expectations3.A.brushed aside B.put to the test C.brought under discussion D.taken into account4.A.departing B.escaping C.retiring D.recovering5.A.attemptingB.choosingC.pausingD.promising6.A.eventuallyB.fortunatelyC.casuallyD.secretly7.A.assessingB.re

45、quiringC.formingD.proving8.A.slightlyB.accidentallyC.slowlyD.happily9.A.gratefulB.thoughtfulC.sorrowfulD.fearful10.A.surpriseB.delightC.curiosityD.disappointment11.A.operatingB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving12.A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.yes13.A.reachedB.consultedC.introducedD.persuaded14.A.wishedB.pret

46、endedC.failedD.refused15.A.enjoyingB.doingC.securingD.starting16.A.repeatedB.recitedC.repliedD.reported17.A.courageB.patienceC.dutyD.care18.A.goalB.givenC.pushD.greeting19.A.riskingB.changingC.savingD.building20.A.honourB.abilityC.openingD.extra【答案】(1)C；(2)A；(3)B；(4)D；(5)A；(6)A；(7)B；(8)C；(9)A；(10)B；

47、(11)D；(12)C；(13)A；(14)D；(15)B；(16)C；(17)D；(18)B；(19)C；(20)D；【考点】记叙文，人物故事类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己和医疗团队给一位女病号治疗的经历，阐释了在某些情况下，仅仅说声谢谢是不够的。这句话。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。四、语言知识运用第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15

48、分)(共1题；共15分)7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places.It is different fromtraditional tourism because it allows the traveler to b e c o m e(e d u c a t e)about the areas-both in termsof geographical conditions and cultural charac

49、teristics,and often provides money for conservation and benefitst h e(d e v e l o p)of the local areas.Ecotourism has(i t)origin with the environmental movement of 1970s.It was not widely acceptedas a travel concept the late 1980s.During that time,increasing environmental awareness made itdesirable.

50、Due to growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,various typestrips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually,a true eco-friendly trip must meet the followingprinciples:Minimize the impact of（visit）the place.Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultur