新视野大学英语2unit8.pdf

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1、Unit 8Section AP re-reading ActivitiesFirst ListeningP lease listen to a short passage carefully and prepare to answer somequestions.Second ListeningListen to the tape again.Then answer the following questions with yourown experiences.1)How do young students and older teachers see the role of educat

2、iondifferently?2)What is quality of life and how can it be improved?3)According to the writer,what must educators prepare students for?There，s a Lot More to Life than a JobIt has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that itis wasted on the young.R eading a survey report on first

3、-year college students,I recalled theregret,If only I knew then what I know now.The survey revealed what I had already suspected from informal polls ofstudents both in Macon and at the R obins R esident Center:if it(whateverit may be)won，t compute and you cant drink it,smoke it or spend it,then it h

4、olds little value.According to the survey based on responses from over 1 88,000 students,today，s college beginners are more consumeristic and less idealistic”than at any time in the seventeen years of the poll.N ot surprising in these hard times,the students major objective is tobe financially well

5、off.Less important than ever is developing ameaningful philosophy of life.z，Accordingly,today the most popularcourse is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching,social service and the humanities is at a low,alongwith ethnic and women，s studies.O n the other hand,enrollment in bu

6、sinessprograms,engineering and computer science is way up.Thats no surprise either.A friend of mine(a sales representative fora chemical company)was making twice the salary of college instructorsduring her first year on the job 一 even before she completed her two-yearassociate degree.I 1 1 tell them

7、 what they can do with their(music,history,literature,etc.),z，she was fond of saying.And that was four years ago;I trembleto think what shes earning now.Frankly,Im proud of the young lady(not her attitude but her success).But why cant we have it both ways?Can，t we educate people for life aswell as f

8、or a career?I believe we can.If we can not,then that is a conviction against our educational system一 kindergarten,elementary,secondary and higher.In a time of increasingspecialization,a time when 90 percent of all the scientists who have everlived are currently alive,more than ever,we need to know w

9、hat is trulyimportant in life.This is where age and maturity enter.Most people,somewhere between theages of 30 and 50,finally arrive at the inevitable conclusion that theywere meant to do more than serve a corporation,a government agency,orwhatever.Most of us finally have the insight that quality of

10、 life is not entirelydetermined by a balance sheet.Sure,everyone wants to be financiallycomfortable,but we also want to feel we have a perspective on the worldbeyond the confines of our occupation;we want to be able to render serviceto our fellow man and to our God.If it is a fact that the meaning o

11、f life does not dawn until middle age,is it then not the duty of educational institutions to prepare the wayfor that revelation?Most people,in their youth,resent the SocialSecurity deductions from their pay,yet a seemingly few short years laterfind themselves standing anxiously by the mailbox.While

12、its true all of us need a career,preferably a prosperous one,itis equally true that our civilization has collected an incredible amountof knowledge in fields far removed from our own.And we are better forour understanding of these other contributions 一 be they scientific orartistic.It is equally tru

13、e that,in studying the diverse wisdom of others,we learn how to think.More importantly,perhaps,education teaches usto see the connections between things,as well as to see beyond ourimmediate needs.Weekly we read of unions that went on strike for higher wages,only todrive their employer out of busine

14、ss.N o company,no job.How shortsightedin the long run.But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studyingthe accumulated wisdom of the ages,we improve our moral sense.I saw acartoon recently which depicts a group of businessmen looking puzzled asthey sit around a conference tab

15、le;one of them is talking on the intercom:“Miss Baxter,z，he says,“could you please send in someone who candistinguish right from wrong?”In the long run thats what education really ought to be about.I thinkit can be.My college roommate,now head of a large shipping company inN ew York,not surprisingly

16、 was a business major.But he also hosted ac l a s s i c a l m u s i c s h o w o n t h e c o l l e g e s F M s t a t i o n a n d l i s t e n e d t o W a g n e ra s h e s t u d i e d h i s a c c o u n t i n g.T h a t s t h e w a y i t s h o u l d b e.O s c a r W i l d e h a d i t r i g h t w h e n h e

17、 s a i d w e o u g h tt o g i ve o u r a b i l i t y t o o u r w o r k b u t o u r g e n i u s t o o u r l i ve s.L e t s h o p e o u r e d u c a t o r s a n s w e r s t u d e n t s，c r i e s f o r c a r e e r e d u c a t i o n,b u ta t t h e s a m e t i m e l e t s e n s u r e t h a t s t u d e n t

18、 s a r e p r e p a r e d f o r t h e d a y w h e nt h e y r e a l i ze t h e i r s h o r t s i g h t e d n e s s.T h e r e，s a l o t m o r e t o l i f e t h a n aj o b.W o r d s:8 2 1N E W W O R D Sf o r m a la.1.f o l l o w i n g a c c e p t e d r u l e s o f b e h a vi o r 正式的；合乎礼仪的2.i n a p p e a

19、 r a n c e;b y n a m e o n l y 形式上的，名义上的i n f o r m a la.n o t f o r m a l 不正式的，不拘形式的，随便的p o l ln.1.C a s u r ve y o f p u b l i c o p i n i o n 民意测验，民意调查2.(a l s o p l.)t h e g i vi n g o f w r i t t e n c h o i c e s a t a n e l e c t i o n 选举投票r e s i d e n ta.1.h a vi n g a h o m e i n a p l a c

20、 e 居住的，居留的2.a t t a c h e d t o a n d w o r k i n g r e g u l a r l y f o r a p a r t i c u l a r o r g a n i za t i o n 住校的，住院的，住在任所的n.C a p e r s o n w h o l i ve s o r h a s h i s/h e r h o m e i n a p l a c e 居民，定居者A c o m p u t ev.c o u n t (s t h.);w o r k (s t h.)o u t 估算，算出，计算 c o n s u m e

21、r i s t i ca.b e l i e vi n g i n s p e n d i n g m o n e y a n d b u y i n g g o o d s 消费主义的a c c o r d i n g l ya d.1.f o r t h e r e a s o n;s o 因此，所以2.i n a m a n n e r t h a t i s s u g g e s t e d b y w h a t i s k n o w n o r h a s b e e n s a i d 按照所说的情况Ah u m a n i t yn.1.(p l.)s u b j e c

22、t s c o n c e r n e d w i t h h u m a n c u l t u r e 人文学科(尤指文学、语言、历史和哲学)2.U h u m a n b e i n g s a s a w h o l e;p e o p l e 人的总称,人类3.U k i n d-h e a r t e d n e s s 仁慈，仁爱，善心A e t h n i ca.o f a n a t i o n a l o r r a c i a l g r o u p t h a t h a s a c o m m o n c u l t u r a l t r a d i t i o n

23、 (有共同文化传统的)民族的，种族的；部落的A e n r o l lv.b e c o m e o r m a k e (s b.)a m e m b e r (o f s t h.)(使)成为.的成员，注册e n r o l l m e n tn.1.C t h e n u m b e r o f p e o p l e e n r o l l e d 注册或登记的人数2.U e n r o l l i n g o r b e i n g e n r o l l e d 登记，注册，入会s a l a r yn.C a f i x e d a m o u n t o f m o n e y

24、 g i ve n e ve r y w e e k,m o n t h,o r y e a r a s p a yf o r a n e m p l o y e e 薪金，薪水k i n d e r g a r t e nn.C,U a s c h o o l f o r ve r y y o u n g c h i l d r e n 幼儿园e l e m e n t a r ya.1.o f o r i n t h e b e g i n n i n g s t a g e;r e l a t e d t o p r i m a r y s c h o o l s 初级的；小学的2.s

25、i m p l e o r e a s y;b a s i c 简单的，基本的，基础的s e c o n d a r ya.1.(o f e d u c a t i o n o r a s c h o o l)f o r c h i l d r e n o ve r 1 1 y e a r s o l d (教育、学校)中等的2.l e s s i m p o r t a n t t h a n r e l a t e d t h i n g s 次要的s p e c i a l i zevi.(i n)g i ve p a r t i c u l a r a t t e n t i o n

26、t o (a s u b j e c t,p r o d u c t,e t c.)专攻,专门研究(某课题、产品等)s p e c i a l i za t i o n (英 s p e c i a l i s a t i o n)n.U,C s p e c i a l i zi n g 专业化,专门化c o r p o r a t i o nn.C a b u s i n e s s c o m p a n y 公司a g e n c yn.1.C a g o ve r n m e n t o r g a n i za t i o n 政府机构2.C a b u s i n e s s o

27、r p l a c e o f b u s i n e s s p r o vi d i n g a s e r vi c e 经销处,彳弋理处c o n f i n en.(p l.)l i m i t s,b o r d e r s 界限，范围vt.k e e p s b./s t h.w i t h i n c e r t a i n l i m i t s 把.限 带！于o c c u p a t i o nn.1.C a j o b;e m p l o y m e n t 工作，职业2.C a w a y o f s p e n d i n g t i m e;a n a c t i

28、 vi t y d o n e i n o n e，s s p a r e t i m e 日常活动，消遣r e n d e rvt.1.g i ve 给予，提出2.c a u s e s b./s t h.t o b e i n a p a r t i c u l a r s t a t e 使得，使成为i n s t i t u t i o nn.1.C (b u i l d i n g o f a n)o r g a n i za t i o n,(s o m e t i m e s)a n o r g a n i za t i o n f o rh e l p i n g p e o

29、p l e w i t h s p e c i a l n e e d s 机构；慈善机构,社会福利机构(如孤儿院、养老院)2.C a c u s t o m,s y s t e m o r o r g a n i za t i o n t h a t h a s e x i s t e d f o r a l o n g t i m ea n d i s a c c e p t e d a s a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t o f a p a r t i c u l a r s o c i e t y 制度，习俗A r e ve l a t i o nn.1.U

30、 m a k i n g k n o w n s t h.t h a t w a s s e c r e t o r h i d d e n 泄露,揭示,展示2.C s t h.w h i c h i s r e ve a l e d 所揭露的事，惊人的新发现p r e f e r a b l ea.p r e f e r r e d;m o r e s u i t a b l e 更可取的，更合意的，更好的p r e f e r a b l ya d.r a t h e r t h a n a n y t h i n g,a n y w h e r e,e t c.e l s e 更可取地，

31、宁可c i vi l i za t i o n (英 c i vi l i s a t i o n)n.U,C a h u m a n s o c i e t y w i t h i t s h i g h l y d e ve l o p e d s o c i a l o r g a n i za t i o n s,o r t h e c u l t u r e a n d w a y o f l i f e o f a s o c i e t y o r c o u n t r y a t a p a r t i c u l a rp e r i o d i n t i m e 文明，

32、文化i n c r e d i b l ea.i m p o s s i b l e o r ve r y d i f f i c u l t t o b e l i e ve 难以置信的c o n t r i b u t i o nn.C,U a c t i o n o f g i vi n g (m o n e y,s u p p o r t,h e l p o r i d e a s)t o w a r d s ap a r t i c u l a r a i m o r p u r p o s e;s t h.g i ve n t o w a r d s a p a r t i c u

33、 l a r a i m o r p u r p o s e捐 助(物)，贡 献(物)，奉献a r t i s t i ca.1.o f a r t o r a r t i s t s 艺术的，美术的；艺术家的2.s k i l l f u l a n d a t t r a c t i v e 富有艺术性的，精美的，精彩的w i s d o mn.1.U e x p e r i e n c e a n d k n o w l e d g e;q u a l i t y o f b e i n g w i s e 经验与知识,智慧，睿智2.U g o o d j u d g m e n t 正

34、确判断，贤明w e e k l ya d.o n c e a w e e k o r e v e r y w e e k 1周一1次地，每周地a.h a p p e n i n g o n c e a w e e k o r e v e r y w e e k 一周一次的，每周的n.C a n e w s p a p e r o r m a g a z i n e w h i c h i s p u b l i s h e d o n c e e v e r y w e e k 周 才 艮，周刊u n i o nn.1.C a c l u b f o r m e d b y u n i t i

35、 n g p e o p l e o r g r o u p s;a n o r g a n i z a t i o n o fe m p l o y e e s 协会，俱乐部；工会2.C (t h e a c t o r i n s t a n c e o f)u n i t i n g o r b e i n g u n i t e d 联合，合并a c c u m u l a t ev.c o l l e c t a l a r g e n u m b e r o f t h i n g s o v e r a l o n g t i m e;g r a d u a l l y i n

36、c r e a s ei n n u m b e r o r a m o u n t 累积，积累c a r t o o nn.1.C a n a m u s i n g d r a w i n g i n a n e w s p a p e r o r m a g a z i n e 漫画，幽默画2.C a f i l m m a d e b y p h o t o g r a p h i n g a s e r i e s o f g r a d u a l l y c h a n g i n g d r a w i n g s动画片Ad e p i c tv t.s h o w (s b.

37、/s t h.)a s a p i c t u r e;d e s c r i b e (s t h.)i n w o r d s 描绘，描述p u z z l ev.1.(m a k e o n e)f e e l c o n f u s e d o r s l i g h t l y w o r r i e d b e c a u s e o n e c a n n o tu n d e r s t a n d s t h.(使)困惑，(使)为难2.(m a k e o n e)t h i n k h a r d a b o u t s t h.i n o r d e r t o u n

38、d e r s t a n d i t (使)苦思n.1.C a g a m e o r t o y i n w h i c h p a r t s m u s t b e f i t t e d t o g e t h e r c o r r e c t l y,i n t e n d e d t o a m u s e o r e x e r c i s e t h e m i n d 智力测验，智力玩具，谜2.C a q u e s t i o n t h a t i s d i f f i c u l t t o u n d e r s t a n d o r a n s w e r

39、难题，难解之事c o n f e r e n c en.C,U(meeting for)discussion or exchange of views 会议，讨论(会)intercomn.C a system by which one can talk through a machine to sb.in a nearplace内部通话系统distinguishvt.1.recognize the difference between(people or things)辨 另 U，识 另 U2.(oneself)behave or perform noticeably well 表现突出cla

40、ssicala.(of music)serious and traditional in style 古典的 FM(abbreviation for frequency modulation)n.U a radio system of broadcasting 调频P H R AS E S AND E X P R E S S I O NSif only(used to express a strong w i s h)(用来表示强烈的愿望)但愿，真希望according toas stated by(sb.)or in(sth.)根据be well offbe in a good positi

41、on,esp.financially 经济充裕，富裕at a lowat a low level or figure处于低水平(或数字)be fond ofhave a great liking for sb./(doing)sth.很喜欢，很喜爱be proud oftake pride i n 为.感到自豪arrive atreach(sth.such as a place or conclusion)达成，得出be meant to dobe supposed to do 应做read offind out about(sb./sth.)by reading 通过阅读发现(或查明)go

42、on strikebe engaged in/start a strike 举行罢工in the long runafter a long period;in the e n d从长远的观点来看；终究，最后P R O P ER N AMESMacon梅 肯（美国乔治亚州中部城市）R obins R esident Center罗宾斯住宿中心Baxter巴克斯特O scar Wilde奥斯卡王尔德（爱尔兰作家、诗人，1 9世纪末英国唯美主义的主要代表）Section BWhat Youngsters Expect in LifeBack in the good old days of stabl

43、e economic expansion-the 1 950s and1 960s 一 a person could choose to do something new,exciting,and creativein life but could also choose to say,Thats not for me:I am going toplay it safe in life.I am going to stay in my home town and have a nicecomfortable career in a salaried job.z，That second choi

44、ce no longer existsfor the vast majority of Americans.All of us are going to be creatorsand pioneers over the next 1 0 years whether we like it or not,and manyof us don，t like it.Just look at what the attitude surveys tell us.In the United States,three-quarters of the adults surveyed by the Harris p

45、oll and two-thirdsof all high-school seniors surveyed by Scholastic magazine say theybelieve that the United States will be a worse place 1 0 years from nowthan it is today.N o wonder young people are disaffected.N o wonder theyare not motivated to learn.They think the world in which they are goingt

46、o spend their lives won，t be a very satisfactory place.Young men,in particular,are not happy with their prospects for the future.When surveyors ask U.S.female high-school students what they are goingto do when they graduate,they list all kinds of roles they want to fill,like doctors,lawyers,engineer

47、s,accountants,civil servants,police andfiremen,and fighter pilots.In short,they want to do all the things thatmen have always done.Moreover,less than 1 0%of female high-schoolseniors expect to spend their adult lives solely as mothers and domesticmanagers,while nearly 90%are committed to having both

48、 a career and amarriage based on equality.By comparison,nearly half of male high-school students express theirpreference for a traditional,male-headed,one provider,nuclear family,where the wife stays home as mother and housewife.And when malehigh-school students are asked what kinds of careers they

49、would like tohave,the only two job fields that consistently receive large numbers ofresponses in open surveys are professional athlete and mediapersonality.A large proportion of America/s young men-one third ormore 一 simply say they don，t know what they re going to do as adults.If these people do no

50、t acquire some constructive vision of purpose forthemselves,they are likely to be very destructive forces of resistancein society throughout their lives.We already see that.O ne recentestimate is that one-sixth of all fourteen-to twenty-four-year-olds inAmerica-mostly males-are currently disaffected