2019年天津市中考英语总复习题型专题训练：阅读理解.pdf

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1、阅读理解A:一般选择型阅读理解话 题 1 外国文化Passage 1（2018 德阳改编）Most students in America like popular music.Studentscarry small radios with earphones and listen to the music beforeclass,after class and at lunch.Students with cars buy largespeakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the streets.Adult drivers li

2、sten to the music on the car radio as theydrive to work.They also listen to the news about the sports,theweather and the life of American people.Most of the radioprograms are music.A They make a CD or tape which radio stations usein many places.Once the popular singer is heard all over thecountry,yo

3、ung people will buy his or her CDs or tapes.Some ofthe money from them goes to the singer.Wherever the singer1goes,most of the young people want to meet him or her.Nowthe singer has become a national star.There are other kinds of music that are important toAmericans.One is called folk music which te

4、lls stories about thecommon life of Americans.Another is called western or countrymusic.It was started by cowboys who would sing at night to thecows which they were watching.Today,any music about countrylife and the love between a country boy and his girl is calledwestern or country music.1.From thi

5、s passage we can learn .A.adult drivers listen to the world newsB.most American students like country musicC.most American students like popular music2.How many kinds of music are mentioned in the passage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.3.Which of the following can be put in?2A.Popular music singers make much

6、money.B.Popular music singers often take part in competitions.C.Most students like popular singers very much.4.Whats the country music today about?A.Country life and love.B.School life in the country.C.Life of western cowboys.5.The passage is mainly a b o u t.A.the history of hip-pop musicB.the life

7、 of American countryC.different kinds of music in America【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在美国无论是年轻的学生，还是成年人都非常痴迷于流行音乐，他们每天学习工作之余都喜欢听流行音乐。文中还介绍了美国另外两种重要音乐，分别是民间音乐和西部乡村音乐。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知：在美国,3大多数学生喜欢流行音乐。故选c。2.B【解析】细节理解题。通读原文可知：本文提到了流行音乐、民间音乐和西部乡村音乐共三种音乐。故选B。3.A【解析】句子还原题。根据第三段第三句和第四句可知，他们制作的一些光盘和磁带可以赚钱。分析四

8、个选项可知，只有A项和钱有关。故选A。4.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知：今天的西部乡村音乐是关于乡村生活以及乡村男孩和女孩的爱情。故选A。5.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知：本文主要介绍了在美国无论是年轻学生或成年人都非常痴迷于流行音乐，并介绍了美国其他两种音乐：民间音乐和西部乡村音乐。故选CoPassage 2When two people meet,there are a lot of ways of greeting.The ways of greeting are not always the same in different4countries.In Amer

9、ica,two people usually greet each other with ahandshake.It is a way to show respect to the other person.Athletes from opposite teams shake hands before a game for thesame reason.However,most Americans dont shake hands whenthey meet people they have already known well.When Americanfriends meet each o

10、ther,they might only wave,or maybe justnod their heads.In New Zealand,there is a special way of greeting called“Hongi”.In the greeting,two people press their noses andforeheads（前 额）together and close their eyes.This is an oldtradition that comes from Maori,who were the first people tolive in New Zea

11、land.Even today,many New Zealanders stillpress their foreheads when they meet.Kissing is sometimes used as a way to greet someone.Insome countries,important people used to wear special rings.It5was a custom for visitors to kiss these rings when they came fora meeting.In France,when people meet,they

12、sometimes kisseach other on the face.In Japan,people bow to each other every time they meet.Even family members bow to each other.People decide how lowto bow resting with how respected the other person is.Today,new ways of greeting are created all the time.Peoplecan do this with a quick hi”,a handsh

13、ake,or even a simplesmile.The most important thing is that the people they aregreeting understand them.1.American people wi l l when they meet friends.A.shake hands B.nod heads C.closeeyes2.Pressing noses is an old tradition from .A.America B.New Zealand C.France3.We can learn from the third paragra

14、ph that in New6Zealand.A.ifs impolite to press ones noseB.its very common to press the foreheadsC.the Maori used to be an old village4.The underlined phrase“resting with“in the passage means inChinese.A.捐赠 B.来自 C.取决于5.The passage mainly tells us thatA.different ways of greetingB.beautiful rings in s

15、ome countriesC.important things in France【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于文化差异，不同国家的问候方式是不一样的。文中具体介绍了在美国、新西兰、法国和日本这几个国家人们常用的问候方式。不过新的问候方式一直在产生，最重要的是你问候的人能够明白你的意思。71.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当美国人遇见朋友时，他们会。根据文章第二段最后一句可知答案。故选Bo2.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：碰鼻子是来自一个古老的传统。根据文章第三段第三句可知答案。故选B。3.B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从第三段中我们可以得知在新西兰。根据第三段中最后一

16、句可知很多新西兰人直到今天见面的时候依然会压一下额头。由此可知这种问候方式在新西兰很普遍。故选B。4.C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：文中划线短语“restingwith”的汉语意思是。根据划线短语所在句子的语境可知“resting with”的意思是“取决于，依赖于”。故选C。5.A【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要告诉我们。根据第一段可知这篇文章主要介绍的是不同国家不同的问候方式。故选A。话题2环境保护Passage 38Dutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping tosolve one of lifes difficu

17、lt situations一the annoyance（烦 恼）of stepping in chewing gum thrown away on the pavement.Meanwhile,it can help to keep Amsterdams city streets clean.The brand has cooperated with local marketing organizationlamsterdam and environmentally friendly firm Gumdrop tocreate a limited edition sneaker（胶底运动鞋）f

18、or adults madefrom recycled gum thats directly been scraped（舌 U 掉）from thecitys streets.The gum thrown away is being put to good use to makestylish sneakers that can also raise awareness of protecting theenvironment dont throw rubbish casually.According to theproject,more than 3 million pounds of gu

19、m is thrown away onAmsterdams streets and sidewalks each year,costing the citymillions of dollars to clean up.Priced at around$332,the shoes will be sold sometime in9June.Now they can be preordered.The new Gumshoe sneakersare offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway.The bottom of th

20、e shoes are recyclable compounds(called GumTec)produced by Gumdrop,20 percent of which are made fromgum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum is used in every four pairs ofshoes.A map of Amsterdam is molded into the bottom of theshoes to remind people of the littering problem.Even better,thesneakers actually sme

21、ll like bubblegum,too.1.What will the Dutch company do with?A.Rubbish on the streets.B.Chewing gum on the pavement.C.Shoes thrown away by people.2.Which word can be used to replace the underlined word“recycled”?A.Rewritten.B.Retold.C.Reused.io3.These colors appear on the sneakers e x c e p t.A.brown

22、 B.pink C.black4.How many pounds of gum is used in a pair of shoes?A.1.1 pounds.B.1.65 pounds.C.0.55pounds.5.Why do they decide to use gum to make shoes?A.Because there is much gum on Amsterdams streets.B.Because they want to encourage more people to protectthe environment.C.They want to make their

23、designs look different and attractmore customers.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是荷兰时尚品牌Explicit Wear推出了一款口香糖运动鞋。这款鞋的鞋底由从街道上刮下来的回收口香糖制成。用回收口香糖制作鞋既有助于阿姆斯特丹城市的清洁，又可以唤起人们保护环境的意识。111.B【解 析】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 第 一 句Dutchfashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one oflifes difficult situations the an

24、noyance（烦 施）ofstepping in chewing gum thrown away on the pavement.“可知荷兰的这家公司要处理的是街道上的口香糖。故 选B。2.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的部分”thatsdirectly been scraped（刮掉）from the citys streets.v 可知这些口香糖是从街道上直接刮下来的，然后用于做运动鞋，这说明这些口香糖是可以循环利用的，因 此 可 知“reused可再利用的”可以替换划线词。故选C。3.A【解 析】细节理解题。根 据 第 四 段 第 三 句The newGumshoe sneake

25、rs are offered in both a bubblegum pink and ablack/red colorway.可知鞋上看不到棕色。故 选A。4.C【解析】数字计算题。根据第五段第一句Nearly 2.2pounds of gum is used in every four pairs of shoes.”可知四双鞋子要用2.2磅口香糖，由此可知，一双鞋子应用0.55磅12口香糖。故选C。5.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句The gumthrown away is being put to good use to make stylish sneakersthat ca

26、n also raise awareness of protecting the environment一doift throw rubbish casually.”及文意可知他们决定这样做是想唤起人们保护环境的意识，也就是鼓励更多的人来保护环境。故选B。话 题3事物介绍Passage 4（2018 滨州改编）Inventions make the world better,smarter and a little morefun.The folding bike helmet（头盔）People hate to wear a helmet becauthick and heavy.Morph

27、er is a bike helmetfrom plastics.It is just as strong as the trad13ones,but flexible（灵活的）enough to foldtotally flat.Also it is much easier to carry.Shoes that tie themselvesAfter we see the movie Back to the Falmost everyone wants a pair of self tyingNow,thanks to Nike,the shoe dream comeWhen you pr

28、ess a button,the shoes cthemselves.The smart alarm clock-Hello SenseAn alarm clock,called Hello Sensimprove your sleep.It can control the tempelight and even air quality in your bedroom tyou have a perfect sleep environment.And14record your sleep cycles.Sweet potatoes that could save livesThe lack o

29、f vitamin A can causeblindne many other illnesses for illnesses.Insub S Africa,plant experts are helping themgrow of new sweet potatoes.These potatoesca them fight against some illnesses.1.The folding bike helmet is.A.thick and heavyB.made from metalC.flexible enough to fold almost flat2.Which compa

30、ny makes self tying shoes?A.Adidas.B.Nike.C.Kappa.3.The smart alarm clock can NOT.15A.improve our sleepB.control our weightC.record our sleep cycles4.If a child has a poor eyesight,he may l ack.A.vitamin A B.vitamin B C.vitamin C5.You can find the passage in a.A.Newspaper B.story book C.guide book【主

31、旨大意】本文是一篇图表应用文。文章分别介绍了折叠自行车头盔、自系鞋、智能闹钟、转基因土豆这四种新发明的功能和用途。1.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：折叠自行车头盔是。根据表格第一栏中第三句It is just as strong as the traditional ones,but flexible（灵活的）enough to fold almost totally flat.“可知，它和传统的头盔一样结实，但足够灵活，几乎可以完全平折。故选C。2.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪个公司生产自系鞋?16根据表格第二栏中第一、二 句After we see the movie Backto

32、 the Future,almost everyone wants a pair of self tying shoes.Now,thanks to Nike,the shoe dream comes true.”可知，生产自系鞋的是耐克公司。故 选B。3.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：智能闹钟不能。根据表格第三栏中An alarm clock,called Hello Sense,can improveyour sleep.It can control the temperature.And it can record yoursleep cycles.可知，它可以改善睡眠、调节卧室的温度

33、、记录睡眠周期等，没有提到可以控制体重。故选B。4.A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果一个孩子的视力不 好,他可能缺乏。根据表格第四栏中第一句“The lack ofvitamin A can cause blindness and many other illnesses forillnesses.可知，视力不好是缺乏维生素A。故选A。5.A【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你能在找到这篇文章。本文是一篇科普类文章，文中分别介绍了折叠自行车头盔、自系鞋、智能闹钟、转基因土豆这四种新事物的功能和用途，17应该是在报纸中出现。故选A。Passage 5（2018 广东改编）Theres much

34、to see under the sea,but you need toremember that light behaves differently in water than in air.Theobjects appear closer to you than they exactly are.You mightfind yourself reaching out to touch something and completelymissing it.Objects under water will appear larger than they would onthe surface,

35、too.Be careful not to tell any stories about the bigfish that got away.That fish might not be so big after all!It5s justbecause sometimes things can seem to be as much as about 33percent bigger in water!Whats more,in deeper water,colors just dont seem asbright.In fact,it looks as if some colors are

36、missing.Rememberthe color of an object results from the wavelengths（波长）of lightthat are reflected（反射）from its surface.And light is taken in as18it moves down through the water.Swimmers wear wet suits to keep warm underwater.Letstake a bright red,yellow,and blue wet suit as an example.Thesecolors are

37、 hard to miss on the surface of water.Watch carefullythe changes in color as you descend in the water.The red partnow looks almost black because the red light wavelengths,thelongest among these three colors,are missing.As you go downdeeper,the same thing will happen to the yellow part and in theend

38、to the blue part.Even at a place of about 6 to 9 metersunderwater,you will look terrible,like a ghost!And you have towait for your return to the surface to enjoy the bright colors again!1.Why do you miss the object underwater when you want totouch it?A.Because your eyesight is quite poor.B.Because y

39、ou are not quick enough.19C.Because it is not as close as it seems.2.The example of the wet suit is used to explain the change of ofan object underwater.A.the size B.the color C.theposition3.The underlined word“descend“probably means inChinese in this passage.A.上升 B.漂浮 C.下潜4.Which of the following i

40、s true?A.A four-meter-long fish looks three meters long underwater.B.The wavelengths of red light are longer than those of bluelight.C.Much water will be taken in by the swimmer deep in thewater.5.The best title of this passage is.A.The Standard of Color Underwater20B.The Direction of Light Underwat

41、erC.The Behavior of Light Underwater【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了光在水中发生的变化。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句The objectsappear closer to you than they exactly are.”可知是因为水中的物体要比他们离你的实际距离要近。故 选C。2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第五句The red part nowlooks almost black because the red light wavelengths,the longestamong these three colors”由于红

42、光的波长，红色的部分看起来是黑色的，可知这个例子主要是说明颜色的变化。故选B。3.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段第三句These colorsare hard to miss on the surface of water.以及第四段第六句“As you go down deeper,the same thing will happen to theyellow part and in the end to the blue part.司 知当你 下潜 的时候颜色就会发生变化。故选C。214.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第五句The red part nowlooks almost bl

43、ack because the red light wavelengths,the longestamong these three colors.”可知红光的波长是最长的。故选B。5.C【解 析】标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“that lightbehaves differently in water than in air”光在水中的表现和在空气中的不一样。可知主要介绍了光在水中会发生变化。故选Co话题4 人物故事Passage 6（2018 兰州改编）As a well known Chinese TV hostess,Dong Qing is nowhosting two cultur

44、al shows,Chinese Poetry Conference andReaders.The two shows are encouraged people to lovetraditional culture and find the beauty of life.Dong was bom in a highly educated family in 1973.She hada great love for traditional literature（文学）from an early age.In2015 when she was about to study in the U.S.

45、,Dong received22an invitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conferenceasking her to be the hostess.Because of her passion fortraditional literature,Dong accepted the job.“The contest interests me very much.Hosting it is a processof learning about poetry and perfbrming.said Dong.To hergreat joy

46、,the show has become more and more popular.Under the slogan（口号）“Reading touches peoples hearts”,the new TV show Readers has become a success.It invitesfamous guests from all walks of life to read something.Dongworks as both hostess and producer.Readers became a turning point in Dongs 21 years ofhost

47、ing.She said it brought her“quite a huge challenge.“There is no shortcut（捷径）in this world.If you want to bea good host,you need to make thorough preparations,said thebeautiful hostess.The chann of life lies in its unknown,so wejust have to try and keep going.”231.What shows is Dong Qing hosting now?

48、A.Readers.B.Chinese Poetry Conference.C.Chinese Poetry Conference and Readers.2.Where did Dong Qing decide to study in 2015?A.In France.B.In England.C.In America.3.What does Dong Qing do at present?A.A hostess and producer.B.An actress.C.A singer.4.The underlined word“passion“in the second paragraph

49、probably meansA.喜爱 B.快乐 C.惊讶5.Whats the best title（题目）for the text?A.Find the Beauty of LifeB.Dong Qinga Talented Lady24C.How to Be a Successful TV Hostess【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国著名主持人董卿凭着对文学的爱好，成功主持了两档黄金节目：中国诗词大会和 朗读者。她是一位有天赋的主持人。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的第一句“Asa well known Chinese TV hostess,Dong Qing i

50、s now hostingtwo cultural shows,Chinese Poetry Conference and Readers.”可知她现在主持两个节目：中国诗词大会与 朗读者。故选C o2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的第三句“In2015 when she was about to study in the U.S.,Dong received aninvitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference askingher to be the hostess.”可知她决定去美国学习。故选C o3.A【解析】细