2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(下)Units 7-8.pdf

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1、八年级（下）Units 7-8教材词汇分层训练等 重 点 单 词 背 记1.square九平方;正方形;广场2.meter几米;公尺3.population.人口;人口数量4.wall几墙5.ancient adj.古代的;古老的6.thick adj厚的;浓的7.condition.条件;状况8.force几力;力量9.birth.出生;诞生lO.bamboo.竹子11 .research n.&H研究;调查12.wild 野生的13.oil几油;食用油;石油1 4.h u g e.巨大的;极多的15.treasure.珠宝;财富16.island 几岛17.page九（书刊或纸张的）页，面

2、，张18.hurry比 匆忙;赶快 儿匆忙;急忙19.ship .船20.tool九工具21.gun九枪;炮22.sand.沙滩;沙23.towards prep.朝;向;对着24.1and比 陆 地 次 地v.着陆;降落25.technology.科技;工艺26.pop比流行音乐;流行乐曲27.abroad 八在国外;到国外28.fan九迷;狂热爱好者;风扇29.modern。力.现代的;当代的30.record比唱片;记录 也录制;录（音）31.line几行;排率 重点单词拓展_1 .deep 力.深的:纵深的t deeply adv.深刻地t dcplh.深度2.Asia.亚洲t Asi

3、an 亚洲的:亚洲人的比亚洲人3.tour n.&以旅行:旅游 tourist几旅行者:观光者4.protect艮保护:防护-proleclion.保护:保卫5.wide adj.宽的;宽阔的t widely 八广泛地:普遍地一 w id th几宽度;广度6.achievement,成就:成绩t achieve以达到:完成:成功7.i nclude必 包括;包含一 including 标.包括（某人/某物）在内;包含8.s ucceed v.实 现 目 标；成 功-success n.成 功-successful adi.获 得 成 功 的；有 成 就 的 一successfully adv.

4、成功地9.nature n.自然界;大自然 naiural adi.自然的:本能的t naturally公/#1页理成章地;自然地10.weigh必重量是.;称.的重量一 weight.重量:分量11 .awake。力.醒着t wake，弄醒:醒12.government九政府:内阁 govern认治理:统治13.mark几迹象记号;分数以做记号:打分t m arker几标识:记号笔14.French几法语a力.法国的;法国人的;法语的一 France.法国15.introduce n.介绍;引见t inlroduclion.介绍:引言:拿重点短语积累l.feel free（可以）随便（做某事

5、）2.as far as I know 就我所知3.take in吸入;吞入（体内）4.in the face of面对（问题、困难等）5.achieve ones dream 实现梦想6.even though/if 即使;虽然7.at birth出生时8.upto达到（某数量、程度等）;至多有;不多于9.walk into走路时撞着lO.fall over 绊倒11.or so 大约12.full of满是的;（有）大量的;（有）丰富的13.hurry up赶快;急忙（做某事）14.country music 乡村音乐15.ever since 自从16.one another 互相争核心

6、词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词1.Nature（大自然）is the best place to learn about plants and animals.2,This box is two meters long and weighs（重量是.）five kilos.3.My bedroom is about 6 meters long and 4 meters wide（宽的）.4.Li Hua plans to go abroad（到国外）to have a further education.5.rve marked（做记号）the places of interest o

7、n the map.6.How many 口 ages（页）have you read of this book?7.Computers are useful tools（ZEA）but not wonderful toys.8.1 was still awake（醒着）when my mom came home last night.熟词生义1 .force熟义:儿力;力量生义:也强迫;迫使;推动.武力（l）Your feet become hot when you run.But when you are forced to sit in one place,your heels stay

8、cool.(2021 广东)(A)(2)He was in a position where he had to force a decision.(B)(3)The force of the wind brought down many trees in the area.(D)A.迫 使B.推动C.武 力D.力量2.treasure熟义:.珠宝;财富生义”珍视;珍爱(l)His hard work had provided him with real treasured B)(2)She treasures her memories of those happy days.(A)A.珍 视

9、B.财富3.hurry熟义:也匆忙;赶快.匆忙;急忙生义”催促(l)My dad and I were in a hurry to get some things for a big dinner/C)(2)Don9t hurry him.You will just have to be patient and wait until he finishes the work.(2016安徽)(B)(3)1 did another stupid thing:I decided to hurry past him.(2021 湖南常德)(A)A.赶 快B.催 促C.九匆忙4.mark熟义:.迹象;

10、记号;分数也做记号，打分生义:几污点;斑点也表明;标志(l)Lily didnt go to school today,so the teacher marked her absent.(D)(2)He won high marks in all his examinations.(C)(3)The agreement marks a new period in international relations.(A)A.标 志B.污 点C.分 数D.做记号5.line熟义:几行;排生义:.线;电话线路;界线;路线;台词激词;诗行(l)And so together they walked th

11、e last 50 meters and crossed the line.(2021 江苏盐城)(A)(2)1 can only remember the first two lines of that song.(B)The line is busyFil call him again later.(C)A.界 线 B.歌词C.电话线路D.排6.nature熟义:.自然界;大自然生义:几天性;本性(l)In the past,Chinese people often embroidered(刺绣)on hats,shoes and dresses to show the beauty of

12、 natureor the best wishes to others.(2021-吉林)(B)(2)Indeed,it was just a small thing,but showing the kindness of human nature/A)A.本 性 B.大自然名师考点精讲重I点I词I汇I考点1 population的用法【教材原句】China has the biggest population in the world.中国有着世界上最多的人口。(P50)1跳侬磔边乩意为“人口;旦数量:;常与定冠闻 W 涯用，此威谓调动词工般用里数形式;当包壬壬语悬表食 A 旦的亘列如：Th

13、e worlds population is increasing faster and faster.世界人 口增长得越来越快。One third of the worlds population consumes/consume two thirds of the worlds resources.世界上三分之的人口消耗着全球三分之二的资源。2,表示二茶地宜多少人旦二队赏直以下表达左式:(1)the population of+某地+be+数词。例如：The population of China is more than 1.4 billion.中国的人口数量超过 14 亿。(2)某 地

14、 黑aEoMMioii试t数词。例如：China has a population of more than 1.4 billion.中国的人口 数量超过 14 亿。(3)用介词短语 MthapopulationQ却表示。例如：China is a country with a population of more than 1.4 billion.中国是一个有着 14 亿多人口的国家。3.询问某国、某地有多少人口时，用“How large is ihe population of.？或What is he population of,?”或例如：一How large is the popul

15、ation of your hometown?你们家乡有多少人口？The population of our hometown is nearly twice as large as that of yours.我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的近两倍。What is the population of Canada?加拿大的人口有多少？Over 30 million.超过 3000 万。4 表示人口的“多”或“少”时，应用large或 smallo 例如:China is a developing country with a large population.中国是一个人口众多的发展中国家。活

16、学活用1.China has the largest in the world.一Yeah.Its an advantage of our country.A.conversation B.introductionC.population D.pollution【解析】考查名词。句意:中国是世界上人口最多的国家。是的，这是我国的优势之一。population“人口”，符合语境。conversation 谈话”;introduction 说明”;production“产品【答案】C2.-the population of Tianshui?Its about 3 million.A.How ma

17、ny B.How muchC.What is D.Which is【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:-天水有多少人口?-大约有300万。“Whal is the population用于询问某地有多少人口，符合语境。【答案】C考点2as far as I know的用法【教材原句】As far as I know,there are no other man-made objects as big as this.据我所知,再没有其他像它这样大的人造物体了。（P50）或 说 成 四 虱仇忌kna叫 意 为 我 曳 优I所知二。例如：As far as I know,he，ll be away fo

18、r three months.据我所知，他将外出三个月。拓展延伸类似的表达有as we know,as is known to us(all)等，意为“正如我们所知道的那样”。例如：As we know,food is closely related to our daily life.众所周知,食物与我们的日常生活息息相关。活学活用-I plan to go to Chongqing for a vacation.What do you think of it?,its a wonderful place to go.A.As well B.As a resultC.As often as

19、possible D.As far as I know【解析】考查插入语。句意:我打算去重庆度假，你觉得怎么样？据我所知，那是个好去处。aswell也;同样地”;as a result 结果”;as often as possible“尽可能经常地”;as far as I know“据我所知【答案】D考点3include和 including的用法【教材原句】Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.更力口严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴。(P51)inclu

20、de为动词，意为“包括;包含”。其现在分词和动名词形式为including,一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词或代词一起构成介宾短语，意为“包括在 内 1 典 蛔 虻 名 谢 代 雹 棍 注 名 诩 住 回、士 included”例如：The tour includes a visit to the Science Museum.这趟旅行包括一次科学博物馆之行。There are 40 students in the classroomjncluding me.=There are 40 students in the classroom,me included.包括我在内，教室里面有40名学生

21、。活学活用1.一Does the price for the hotel breakfast?-No.You need to pay another 20 yuan for breakfast.A.fitB.includeC.match D.offer【解析】考查动词。句意:符合语境。fit“适合”;match“匹配”;offer“提供”。【答案】B2.Why is Harveys mother so happy?Because only three students passed the e x a m,h e r son Harvey.A.besides B.exceptC.includi

22、ng D.without【解析】考查介词。句意:为什么哈维的妈妈如此高兴?因为只有三名学生通过了考试,其中包括她的儿子哈维。根据语境可知，包括哈维在内,只有三名学生及格了，故用including.【答案】C考点4take in的用法【教材原句】It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你到达山顶附近时，吸入空气也非常困难。(P51)吸入,吞入(体内)-(takeirH-sth包括;包含I理解;领会;记住take in 卜-留宿;收留take irw-sb.|I欺 骗;望 骗例如：They will certainl

23、y need to take in plenty of water.他们肯定需要摄入大量的水。He was homeless,so we took him in.他无家可归，所以我们收留了他。She took me in completely with herlie.她用她的谎言彻底欺骗 了我。活学活用There is too much in this book for us to.A.take in B.take upC.take off D.take over酒店费用包括早餐在内吗？不，你得再付2 0元早餐费。include 包括二【解析】考查动词短语。句意:这本书里有太多需要我们理解的东

24、西。take in 接受;理解“，符合语境。takeup”占据;开始从事”,take ofT起飞;脱下”,take over“接管;接收”。【答案】A考 点 5succeed的用法【教材原句】The first Chinese team did so in 1960,while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in1975.1960年第一支中国登山队成功登上(珠穆朗玛峰的)山顶，而 在 1975年,来自日本的田部井淳子成了第一位成功登山的女性。(P51)勃 辛 析 succeed,success,successful

25、和 successfully单词用法succeed作动词，意为“实现目标;成功常见搭配:succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”。success常用作不可数名词，意为“成功抽象名词具体化时可作可数名词，意为“成功的人或事物”。常见搭配:have success in doing sth.“在做某事上取得成功successful作形容词，意为“获得成功的;有成就的“。常见搭配:be successful in doing slh.“在做某事上取得成功successfully 作副词，意为“成功地例如：He succeeded in getting a place at an ar

26、t school.他成功地被一所艺术学校录取了。Confidence is the key to success!自信是通往成功的关键！The party was a great success last night!昨晚的派对大获成功！If you sets your mind to do it,you will be successful in business.如果你下定决心去做，你一定会事业有成的。活学活用1.一What can we learn from the story?一It reminds us that we can as long as we work hard.A.ch

27、eck B.prepareC.succeed D.accept【解析】考查动词。句意:我们能从这个故事中学到什么?这个故事提醒我们，只要我们勤奋努力，我们就能成功。succeed“成功”，符合语境。【答案】C2.A Long March 5(长征五号)rocket carrying Chinas heaviest satellite was launched.AmazingJIt happened on December 27th,2019 in Wenchang,Hainan.A.politely B.successfullyC.cheaply D.seriously【解析】考查副词。句意:

28、载有中国最重卫星的长征五号火箭成功发射了。真是令人惊叹！它是 2019年 12月2 7 日在海南文昌发射的。successfully“成功地”，符合语境。【答案】B考点6achieve的用法【教材原句】The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明:我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。（P51）1 ,终hicY1意为 实现;达到工常用作及物动闻其宾谙可以是月标、.梦 想等他可以是胜利成功。名誉、一地位笠。例如：Everybo

29、dy should have the chance to achieve his aim.每个人都应该有机会实现自己的目标。She achieved no success.她没有获得成功。2 照 hicxg至 时 与 返蛔就I皿 1 翘lx颇笠代词连用得（成如蜃得（成就）二。例如:No one can achieve anything without effort.谁也不可能不努力就有所作为。3.achieve 一般与令人愉快的事（如成功、成就等）连用,有暗示“通过付出努力而成功”的意思，所以不要受汉语的影响而误用此词来表示一般意义上的“达到。例如：He hoped to achieve hi

30、s ambition to become a singer.他希望实现当歌唱家的抱负。He will achieve the age of 25 next month.(x)4.achieve的名词形式为achieveme叫意为“成就;完成”。例如：This is the greatest scientific achievement of the decade.这是近十年来最伟大的科学成就。妙辨异同季 辟 析 achieve,realize 和 come trueachieve”实现;达到”，多指经过努力而实现目标、梦想或取得成功，主语是人。例如：Work hard,and you will

31、 achieve your goal.努力工作，你就会实现目标。（Realize 实现;认识到，多指实现梦想或意识到某种道理、规律等，主语是人。表示“实现梦想”时,realize和 achieve可以互换。例如：He realized/achieved his dream with the help of his parents.在父母的帮助下,他实现 了 梦想。He didnt realize the importance of health.他没有意识到健康的重要性。（3）cometrue“实现”，多指实现梦想、蓝图、计划等，主语是物。例如：I hope his dream of beco

32、ming a pianist will come true.我希望他成为钢琴家的梦想可以实现。活学活用1.一Dear friends,do you still remember why you came here three years ago?To our dreams!A.copy B.save C.imagine D.achieve【解析】考查动词。句意:亲爱的朋友们，你们还记得三年前你们为什么来这里吗?为了实现我们的梦想!copy复制;save“拯救”;imagine想象”;achieve”实现。【答案】D2.A great person once said JIf you can f

33、ollow your heart and never give up,your dream willA.come out B.work outC.put off D.come true【解析】考查动词短语。句意:一个伟人曾经说过:“如果你能跟随你的心,并且永不放弃，你的梦想就会实现come true 实现（梦想等符合语境。come out 出版;结果是;work out 算出;解决”;put off*推迟;阻止【答案】D3.（2021 山东东营）一Im sad to hear that Yuan Longping passed away.So am I.We lost a hero.His o

34、n hybrid（杂交）rice helped Chinese people solve the problem ofeating.A.surveys B.reportsC.researches D.achievements【解析】考查名词。句意:听说袁隆平去世了，我很难过。我也是，我们失去了一位英雄。他在杂交水稻上的成就帮助中国人解决了吃饭问题。survey 调查report 报告research”研究achievement 成就”。【答案】D重 点 句考点 7This elephant weighs many times morethan this panda.这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。

35、(P53)倍数表达法：1.A.+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B。例如：The rope is three times longer than that one.这条绳子比那条绳子长三倍。2.A+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B。例如：Tom runs twice as fast as Ted.汤姆跑步的速度是特德的两倍。3.A.+倍数+the+计量名词+of+B。例如：The new playground is four times the size of the previous one.新的操场是之前操场的四倍大。活学活用l.lt was a hundred times th

36、an Id expected.A.excited B.more excitedC.the most excited D.exciting【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。句意:这比我预期的要刺激一百倍。分析句子结构可知,本句为“倍数+形容词比较级+than”结构。【答案】B2.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。This room is three times as/ihe big/size as/of that one.【解析】表示倍数应用“倍数+形容词比较级+than=倍数+as+形容词原级+2$=倍数+加+计量名词+。安徽中考真题精选I.单项填空1 .(2020安徽第

37、27 题)一The air here is much fresher than before.Exactly!We a lot of trees in the past few years.(C)A.planted B.were plantingC.have planted D.will plant2.(2019安徽第 35 题)一The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometersaway.Ifs r e a l l y.(C)A.secret B.directC.amazing D.

38、traditional3.(2017安徽第 34 题)1 am surprised at the new look of my hometown,for it a lot over theyears.(D)A.changed B.changesC.will change D.has changed4.(2015安徽第 38 题)Dreams are beautiful.However,to them needs lots of time andwork.(C)A.discover B.findC.achieve D.stopn.单词拼写(2()16安徽第 91 题)Mary has developed a new way of life by getting close to nalure(自 然).