计算机导论上机答案.pdf

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1、Q uestion 1A：a.your friend Jen is a native French speaker who has immigrated to the United States toteach French in high school.She pays special attention to her students*pronunciation andworks very hard to show her students how to pronounce words correctly in French.Knowingthat you are taking a cou

2、rse in computer systems,she asks if you know of any computertechnology that can help her students learn to speak a foreign language with correctpronunciations.What would be your response to her?Dear,jenI have recixe your letter.I know you have some trouble in how to showyour students correctly in Fr

3、ench.There are two computer software may be useful to you.The first one is thehow to pronounce w ords“The Talking Head”,it is a software can be usedin language training.The Talking Head realistically simulates the headof a human being,with a computer-synthesized voice that soundshuman-like.The voice

4、 of the talking head is very lifelike.I think itwill give your students more chance to exercise their spoken french.Thesecond software is Fluency:Automatic foreign language pronunciationtraining software.It can interpret pronunciations and provide feedbackon how we pronounce a word and how to correc

5、t the pronunciations.I thinkit will help your student exercise the pronunciation.Best wishes!YoursZhao GuopingB*Your uncle has worked for 30 years as a sales representative.He hasaccumulated over 1 0,000 business cards throughout his career.He keeps a stack ofnotebooks where hew rites dow n each cus

6、tomers contact inform ation,profile,andspecial interests.When making customer contacts,he spends a large amount oftime trying to identify the target group of customers.Describe an easier and fasterway of organizing the information he has collected making use of availabletechnology.I suggest my uncle

7、 use Customer relationship management software.A CRMsoftware system can collect information about customer demographics,andinvestigate customer-purchasing behaviors with the objective ofpredicting customer needs and increasing revenues.So,I think the CRMsoftware ware helps my uncle organizing the in

8、formation he has collected.C:Your friend Alex is tasked to generate a number of series of posters of the samepicture varying in poster size,color tone,and layout for a class project due in 5hours.He is very frustrated because each poster design would take him about 3hours to produce with color penci

9、ls.How could software be used to solve thisproblem?She can use Graphics software.It is designed to help create,manipulate,and print graphics.Here I will give her five software,Paint softwarePhoto editing soft ware,Drawing software,3D graphics software,CADsoftware and Presentation software.I think th

10、is software will help herto solve her problems.Question 2A：a.Complete the follow ing chart by converting the numbers given in one of thenotations to the other two.Show calculations.BinaryDecimalHexadecimal1010101850 x5511001101020 x66111115Ox F11111010250OxFA10101111175OxAF110110110 4380 xlB6B：What

11、is the minimum num ber of bits that can be used to represent the decim alnumber 213?(H int:convert 21 3 to binary.)8bitsC,What is the minimum number of bytes that can be used to represent thedecimal number 213?IbyteD：What is a purpose of using hexadecimal notation?It takes more digits to express a v

12、alue in binary notation than inHexadecimal notation.And Computer professionals have adoptedhexadecimal notation as shorthand for binary so that they can expressbinary values more concisely.E：What is ASCI I code?America Standard Code for Information Interchange code.Q uestion 3You can obtain the bina

13、ry representation of a word by concatenating the ASCII values of eachletter.For example,USSD2H in binary representation is 0101001 1 01000100 00110010.a.Fun“in binary representation is 010001 10 01 1 10101 01 101 1 10.b.HPlay in binary representation is01010000 01 101100 01100001 011 11001,which is

14、equivalentto1 349280 121 in decimal representation.c.01 10001 1 01100001 011 10010 01 100101 01 100101 011 10010 01110011 is the binaryrepresentation of the ASCII string careers.d.0 x7374617274 is a hexadecimal representation of the ASCI I string Start.e.1751478885 is the decimal representation of t

15、he ASCII string here.7:43|添加评论|固定链接|写入日志|计算机与InternetMain boardMain boardBrief introduction:The main board is one of the most important parts in the computer,andthe foundation that the whole computer works.In general,the main board is made up byseveral following parts:Memory slot of CPU slot the soc

16、ket,high-speed land bus,office ofbuffer memory,expand bus hard disk,floppy drive,clusters of mouth,and substandard toset up interface clock and CMOS main board BIOS control the chip mouth.Memory slot:Let me come to see memory again,the memory can be divided into two kinds,one is RAM,named and read a

17、nd written the memory at random,can read and can write,thecontent can*t be kept after cutting out.Another kind is ROM,call the read-only memory,canonly read and cant write into,the content will not be lost after cutting out,this BIOS chip onthe main board is ROM chip;Present BIOS chip on most main b

18、oards uses FLASH ROM,canwipe ROM written with the software,can be written into the content under higher voltage,this BIOS chip on the main board is.There are many kinds of RAM,the common one isdynamic RAM and static RAM.We say usually how much memory the computer is furnishedwith,it is dynamic memor

19、y to point.Here,we mainly have a look at the slot of the regularmemory,there are two kinds of mainly to use troughs of one of regular memory on the mainboard at present,the most new-type one is called DIMM trough.There is the one a bit olderthat is called SIMM trough.Has had memory of DIP and SIP ty

20、pe,they all insert pulling out type,it is apt to causedamaging,now has already been eliminated.DIMM present main boards of the above ofsurging forward will all offer DIMM trough,it is Line 168,used for installing SDRAM.SDRAMChinese meaning is the synchronous dynamic memory,it has on good termser per

21、formancethan ordinary DRAM.DIMM memory should insert the memory in the socket,the card reedto be pushed both sides while removing vertically while installing,the memory will have beenlifted out the socket.Should pull out with hand help when the socket is too tight,so as not todamage the card reed.Th

22、ough SIMM offer main board,SIMM of trough see seldom alreadynow,but we can*t yet forget this person make friend of great merit for computerdevelopment temporarily.SIMM troughs that can see now are all Line 72,and usually 4.Both ends of SIMM trough havespring slice,play the function of one of the reg

23、ular memory.It is very easy to install SIMMmemory,inlays mouths in the one of ones end of memory,so can only install in a correctway,put sloping into the notch it,then push to the correct position,the clip of both ends willlock it.It must push the card reed in both sides to remove SIMM one.Buffer me

24、mory:UsuallyCache that people say refers to buffer memory SRAM.SRAM calls the static memory,M staticbehaviorn is meant after we write a sum of data into SRAM,unless write into the new data orclose the power again,the data written into keep intact.Because the speed of CPU is much quicker than the spe

25、ed of the memory and hard disk,will make CPU wait while depositting and withdraw the data,influence the speed of thecomputer.The access of SRAM is all quicker than other memory and hard disk in speed,so itis used as the high-speed buffer memory(Cache)of the computer.There is high-speed buffer memory

26、,can write the data among them in advance first,readfrom it directly while needing,this has shortenned the waiting time of CPU.It is on the basisof a kind of statistics law that the high-speed buffer memory can improve the systematicspeed,control system of main board will which data can frequent use

27、 in the automationstatistical memory,store these data in the high-speed buffer memory,when CPU should visitthese data,look for when will reach Cache first,thus improve the speed of operation of thewhole.Generally speaking,the high-speed buffer memory of 256K can make the speed ofthe complete machine

28、 improve by about 10%equally.W川 all usually offer 256K buffer memory to 1 M on the main boards.There is high-speedbuffer memory too within CPU,for instance,486CPU has high-speed buffer memory of 8K,Pentium has high-speed buffer memory of 16K.Pentium II has 32K first class buffer memory,there is firs

29、t class Cache of 64K in AMD K6-2,there is first class Cache of 64K in AMD K6-3,with second Cache of 256K,there is Cache of 64K in Cyrix Ml IThe bus and CPU temperature survey the deviceBusSum up:Besides CPU type supported,the second important characteristic of the main boardis a type of the bus.The

30、so-called bus joins CPU and memory,buffer memory,outside andcontrols the data passway among the chip;There are data passways between the troughs tocontrol the chip and expand,is named:Expand buses,or some bus.Expand the functionthat the bus allows users to expand the computer through installing the

31、new expansion card.For example you might think installation sonic card is it increase voice function to come,installation network card comes to join the network.The more expansion troughs on the mainboard are,the more expansion cards that users can install are.Usually each main boardoffers 5-8 to ex

32、pand the trough,they may be different bus types.Expand to have needle,with insert connector edge,board of card keep in touch it on one side while being everytrough.ISA and PCI bus:The most ordinary bus is a ISA bus,namely the structure bus of industrialstandard.16 persons of ISA bus frequency,for ab

33、out 8MHz.Its application is in a very largerange,almost all the main boards have kept the expansion trough of ISA bus.PCI is a set ofsome buses system that Intel Company developed,it supports the width of bus of 32 or 64,frequency is usually 33MH乙 The fastest PCI2 at present.0 total linear velocity

34、is 66MHz.PCIbus allows ten to connect the plug-in package,at the same time it still supports and usessimultaneously.CPU temperature surveys the deviceSurvey the device and can see on some main boards of SLOT 1 ,it is a metal shell fragmentin temperature of CPU,install it by CPU slot,after installing

35、 CPU well,its close contact of finwith CPU,in this way it can perceive CPU present temperature at any time,temperaturemanages the chip in addition,it will reduce the speed of operation of CPU when thetemperature of CPU is too high,accelerates CPU fan turning.Interface on the main boardBrief introduc

36、tion:All main board IDE interface,floppy drive interface,serial mouth,walkabreast mouth integrate at the main board at present,other some main board also built-insonic card,display card,function,SCSI of interface.As to the thing that AT structure surges forward in the integrated interface of the mai

37、nboard,we prove one by one:Main IDE interface,packs of IDE interface floppy drive interfacewalk abreast interface,is it type mouth two these serial interface to call too,one is C0M1,another one is COM2,they are usually used in serial mouse and modem,etc.The main board of new-type ATX structure,the c

38、ombining the mouth,one bunch of evensockets of it is integrated on the main board,and there are mouse of PS/2 and keyboardinterface,has offered USB interface,namely the serial bus in common use,there is adetailed introduction behind。AGP interface:AGP is named the figure and accelerated the interface

39、,is the display cardprivate data passway of figure of new generation where Intel Company put out,it can onlyinstall the display card of AGP.It link to each other directly between display card and mainboard memory chip group,raise between computer and processing speeds,3D of figure bya wide margin,co

40、nveyance speed of signal can bring 533MB/S up to.The operating frequencyof AGP is 66.6MHz is one time the size of current PCI bus.There is a high-speed passway between AGP display card and memory,it should use thesystematic memory to deal with the picture data directly,but the valuable systematicmem

41、ory will have been taken up.Present SLOT1 main board,SUPER 7 main board have alloffered AGP interfaceUSB interface:Offer USB interface on the main board of new-type ATX structure,is namedthe serial bus in common use too,it has the interface outside of the multimedia computer ofnew generationIt use t

42、he new,universal standard connector,while adding the equipment on thecomputer neednt opening machine case,mounting plate card,even needn*t restart,can usethe new equipment,USB makes your computer easier to use.One USB can be linked at most 127 pieces of equipment.USB interface has offered theextreme

43、ly high transmission speed,if we use mouse or keyboard of USB,etc.,etc.when notneeding high-speed equipment,it adopts 1.Transfer rate of 5Mbps.If use MODEM of USB,when audio amplifier,printer,etc.need to transmit the equipment of the data at a highspeed,adopt the synchronous transfer rate of 12Mbps.

44、BIOS,CMOS and controlling the chipBIOS is controlled:BIOS chip is a very important chip on main board,the Chinese meaningof BIOS is to n input the system of outputting basically,because BIOS include one groupcustomary procedure,is it finish system and introduction of peripheral hardware export andwo

45、rk to come by them.Function of it certainly not only these,it have inside diagnosticprogram and some utility programs,at starting computering each time,is it transfer toprocedure of examining,check main part so as to ensure they operate normally BIOS towant.Early main board call ROM BIOS,it is it re

46、cord into EPROM to cook,is it is it fix to go onthrough the special equipment to want,want to upgrade and want and change new ROM.Themain boards of new-type surging forward mostly adopt and glimmer the memory chip(FlashROM),can use the software to upgrade.For being getting safe,some main board is it

47、 jump line determine BIOS can fix to have,cant be revised under the situation of acquiescence.If you is it upgrade to it to want or afterupgrading,had better jump line set up position can fixed to arrive.Another some main boardjump line is it control BIOS can revise,software may newer BIOS directly

48、to come.CMOS is controlled:The system is set up or dispose information and store in CMOS RAM(orCMOS SRAM),it is named the semiconductor memory of complementary metal oxide,belonging to one kind of the memory,it needs little power to maintain the information stored.The clock(RTC)is written down syste

49、matic date and time,need power to keep,so,can allsee on some main boards a metal lithium battery offers the power.The life-span of thebattery was probably 5,would plan to change the battery when you find the time of thecomputer slackenned or incorrect.Some important information of the system that GM

50、OS has been written down is forinstance establishment,systematic date and time of the floppy drive,hard disk,etc.,readthe information inside first at the time of each arrival of the computer.Some situations willcause the losing of CMOS content,such as electric consumption of the battery beinginsuffi