八年级英语下册阅读理解知识点归纳复习专题.pdf

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1、复习专题一一八年级英语下册阅读理解知识点归纳一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习(含答案解析)L阅读理解Embroidery(刺绣)has a long history and can date back to the Warring States Period inChina.Embroidery is very popular in many countries such as China,India and Japan.Embroideryis the handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needles and t

2、hread or yarn.Embroidery may also use other materials such as metal Strips,pearls,beads,quills and sequins.Embroidery is most often used on caps,hats,coats,blankets,dress shirts,denim,stockings andgolf shirts.Embroidery is available with a wide variety of thread or yarn colours.Embroidery has many u

3、nique characteristics(特 点).One of the interesting characteristicsof embroidery is the basic techniques or stitches(针 法)，such as the chain stitch,thebuttonhole or the blanket stitch,the running stitch,the satin stitch and the cross stitch.They arestill the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery to

4、day.Embroidery can be classified according to whether the design is stitched on top of or throughthe foundation fabric;and by the relationship of stitch placement to the fabric.Differentembroideries have their own advantages and disadvantages.In modern society,we can producemany different embroideri

5、es.Machine embroidery is one of them:It appears in the early stagesof the Industrial Revolution.(1)From the passage,we can know embroidery can date back toA.the Warring States Period B.the Spring and Autumn PeriodC.the modern times D.the Ming Dynasty(2)Which of the following materials cannot be used

6、 in embroidery according to the passage?A.Metal strips.B.Pearls.C.Quills.D.Wood.(3)From the passage,how many things can embroidery be used on?A.Seven.B.Six.C.Five.D.Eight.(4)Which of the following characteristics belongs to embroidery?A.The flying stitch.B.The satin stitch.C.The flat stitch.D.The bu

7、tton stitch.【答案】(1)A(2)D(3)D(4)B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。(1)细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery has a long history and can date back to theWarring States Period in China.可知刺绣来自 the Warring States Period,故选 A。(2)细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery may also use other materials such as metalStrips,pearls,beads,quills and

8、sequins.可知材料不包括 w o o d,木料，故选 D。(3)细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery is most often used on caps,hats,coats,blankets,dress shirts,denim,stockings and golf shirts.可知一共有 8 个，故选 D0(4)细节题。根据第二段提到的 One of the interesting characteristics of embroidery is thebasic techniques or stitches(针 法),such as the chain stitch,

9、the buttonhole or the blanketstitch,the running stitch,the satin stitch and the cross stitch.可知 the satin stitch 是它的特点，故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.阅读理解More than fifty years ago,Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world of

10、 toys.Sincethen,Barbie doll,as everyone called her,has become the most successful toy doll in history.Herparent,the Mattel Company,said that 90G of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at leastone Barbie at home.Howevec Barbie is facing some trouble at present.There are many similar dolls on the

11、 marketin competition with her.Another doll named Bratz,for example,came to life about sixteen yearsago.She looks more like todays pop stars with heavy makeup(浓妆)and miniskirts.And hercompany offers more kinds of clothes.It seems that Barbie has lost her magic among older girls.For younger girls,pla

12、ying with aBarbie is much funnier.But when you get older,you want something smarter and more modern,says Vera Shepherd,a shop assistant of a toy store in New York.It is good news that on the international market,Barbie is still No.1.Although Mattel is sellingfewer Barbies in the United States these

13、years,sales in other countries are still going up.Mattelopened its first Barbie store in Shanghai,where girls can shop,eat,drink or even become fashiondesigners for their own Barbies.Mattel is planning big celebrations for Barbies 58th birthday.Fashion designers from all overthe world have been call

14、ed to make new dresses for Barbie.How long will Barbie stay popular inthe world of toy dolls?It is hard to say,but 58 is surely not the age to retire(退休).(1)Barbies family name is.A.Roberts B.Millicent C.Shepherd D.Bratz(2)Barbies trouble is t h a t.A.she wears heavy makeup and miniskirtsB.other dol

15、ls are more popular with little girlsC.other dolls are trying to beat her in the marketD.she has become less popular in the international market(3)Girls can do the following in the first Barbie store in Shanghai EXCEPT_.A.going shopping B.having food C.drinking juice D.taking photos(4)Whats the mean

16、ing of the underlined words fashion designers in the passage?A.珠宝设计师 B.发型设计师 C.舞台设计师 D.时装设计师【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)D(4)D【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了芭比娃娃的起源，以及现在的发展状况。(1)细节题。根据第一段提到的 Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world oftoys.可知，姓 为 Roberts,故选A。(2)推断题。根据第二段说其他娃娃也相继占有市场，可 知 Barbie因此受到打击，故选Co(3)细节题。根据第三段提到

17、的 Mattel opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai,where girlscan shop,eat,drink or even become fashion designers for their own Barbies.可知，只有 takingphotos不可以，故选D(4)推断题。根据第四段提到的 Fashion designers from all over the world have been calledto make new dresses for Barbie,可知这个单词的意思为时装设计师，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉

18、及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.阅读理解Climbing Mount Qomolangma,the Worlds highest mountain,has now become more difficult.The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds ofgarbage.Thats the average amount of garbage

19、a climber leaves behind on Mount Qomolangma.Climbers would leave garbage along the way.This helps climbers keep their bags light,so theywould have energy to reach the summit.The garbage problem in Mount Qomolangma is not new.In 2013,climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.The new rule

20、came into effect in April of 2014.To make sure it is followed,climbers will have tohand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain.When they climb backdown the mountain,the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds ofgarbage.If they do,their money will b

21、e given back to them.If not,climbers wont get theirmoney back.Also,the officials wont let these people climb the mountain again.(1)The government of Nepal asks climbers of Mount Qomolangma to_.A.take fewer things to the top of the mountainB.bring at least 18 pounds of food with themC.bring down the

22、garbage left by other climbersD.bring down at least 18 pounds of garbage when they come down the mountain(2)Why do climbers leave garbage along the way?A.Because they want to leave some food for others.B.Because the garbage can help others find them.C.Because they want to keep their bags light.D.Bec

23、ause the garbage can show them how to come down.(3)How much garbage was brought down Mount Qomolangma in 2013?A.4 tons.B.8 tons.C.14 tons.D.18 tons.(4)Now the climbers have to_before they climb Mount Qomolangma.A.hand in some money to the officialsB.leave plastic bags behind themC.tell the officials

24、 when they will come downD.tell the officials how many bags they will bring【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)A(4)A【解析】【分析】主要讲了爬珠穆朗玛峰的登山者下山时应该至少带回18英镑的垃圾。(1)名山节题。根据 The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain withat least 18 pounds of garbage.可知登山者下山时应该带至少18英镑的垃圾，故选D。(2)2用节题。根据 Climbers would leave

25、garbage along the way.This helps climbers keep theirbags light可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是帮助保持他们的包轻快，故选C。(3)细节题。根据 In 2013,climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.可知在 2013年，登山者把4 吨垃圾带下山，故选A。(4)名田节题。根据 climbers w川 have to hand in some money to the officials before they climbthe mountain.可知登山者在他们爬山前

26、上交一些钱给官员，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。4.阅读理解We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls inyour local(当地的)area from 6-17 years of age.Weve had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities.So weveset up Hobbies for

27、 Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in your place.Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or to compete at a highstandard(水 平),there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to asport or new to a local area.Hobbies for Kids will help yo

28、u with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs forjuniors,where to find top quality tuition tailored(学费定制)to the needs of juniors,buyingthe correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football,Junior Golf,Junior Cricket and Juni

29、or Swimming.Othersports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests,sokeep checking back!We hope you find Hobbies for Kids useful and informative.(1)Hobbies for Kids is.A.a TV program about sports and hobbies.B.a course especially designed for parents.C.a maga

30、zine on hobbies for kids.D.a guide to kids,sports and hobbies.(2)Who would be interested in Hobbies for Kids?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Teenagers.D.Athletes.(3)With the help of Hobbies for Kids,you will_.A.compete at a high standardB.develop a new hobby quicklyC.know how to pick a right clubD.know the n

31、eeds of juniors(4)If you want to get information on junior basketball,you should_.A.input your requests and check backB.click the site now and thenC.give some advice to the siteD.scan other information first(5)Where does the passage probably come from?A.A textbook.B.The Internet.C.A magazine.D.An ad

32、vertisement.【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)C(4)A(5)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则关于6-0 岁学生制定的体育兴趣俱乐部的广告。(1)主旨大意题。根据 Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the rightorganizations or clubs for juniors,where to find top quality tuition tailored(学费定制)to theneeds of juniors,buying the correct equipment and clothin

33、g at each stage of the juniordevelopment.可 知 Hobbies for kid s是一个为青少年选择爱好或者体青运动的一个引领组织，故选D。(2)细节理解题。根据 We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports andhobbies for boys and girls in your local(当地的)area from 6-17 years of age.可知对于Hobbles for kids感兴趣的是青少年，故选C。(3)细节理解题。Hobbies for Kids

34、 will help you with ideas about choosing the rightorganizations or clubs for juniors,可 知 Hobbies for kids可以帮着孩子们选择合适的俱乐部。故选C。(4)细节理解题。根据 Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football,Junior Golf,Junior Cricket andJunior Swimming.Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own

35、input and requests,so keep checking back!可知其他的运动和爱好会很快加入网站扩展，根据您自己输入的信息和要求，所以请继续跟进！故选A。(5)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the siteexpands with your own input and requests,so keep checking back!理解可知，这篇文章应该来自网络，故选B。【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔

36、细理解，归纳出中心思想。5.阅读理解March,2013,the H7N9 virus(病 毒)hit(袭 击)Shanghai,Anhui,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and soon.It seemed that most people who were infected(被感染)with H7N9 had the common flu(流感).Some people suffered from a fever or a cough.Dont be afraidits not easy to be infected with the virus.Here is some advice

37、 to help youprotect yourself when it comes.Wash your hands.You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat,afteryou use the toilet,and after you touch animals,because your hands may carry viruses.Cover your nose and mouth.When someone sneezes(打喷嚏)or coughs,flu viruses cantravel as

38、 far as one meter through the air,so youd better keep a proper distance(星 巨 离)whiletalking to someone who has a cold.And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paperwhen you sneeze or cough,and then clean your hands.Wear a mask(口 罩).Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 8

39、0%,but ifyou dont wash your hands often,its no use wearing a mask.And its necessary to wear the maskin the groups of people.Do sports often.Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus.(1)Most people who were infected with H7N9 had_.A.a common flu B.a stomachache C.a headache

40、 D.a cold(2)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache.B.You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough.C.Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%.D.Its easy to b

41、e infected with the H7N9 virus.(3)How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.(4)What does the underlined word resist mean in Chinese?A.抵抗 B.传播 C.感染 D.消灭(5)Whats the main idea of this passage?A.It tells us how to wash hands.B.It tells us why we should use

42、 masks.C.It tells us not to touch animals.D.It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)B(4)A(5)D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文就病毒H7N9发生时如何保护自己给我们提出了一些建议：洗你的手。遮住你的鼻子和嘴。戴口罩。经常做运动。锻炼会使你的身体足以抵御病毒。(1)细节题。根据 It seemed that most people who were infected(被 感 染)with H7N9 ha

43、dthe common flu可知，大多数感染H7N9的人都得了普通流感，故选A。(2)细节题。本题最好用排除法解题，A 选项定位在第一段第二句和第三句，选 项 A 错误在 toothache,C 选项定位倒数第二段的第二句，Some doctors say that masks can stop theflu as much as 80%,与选项 Cas much as 80%不符合,故选 B。(3)细节题。根据题干要求以及定位到第二段Here is some advice to help you protectyourself when it comes.往下数，即可得出 Wash you

44、r hands.Cover your nose and mouth.Weara mask(口 罩).Do sports often四种阻止病毒的方法，故 选 B。(4)词义猜测题。根据 Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus,其 中 to 表目的，锻炼能够有强壮的身体去抵抗病毒，也可用选项代入法解题，选取最符合文章逻辑的，故 resist是抵抗的意思，故选A。(5)主旨题。根据本文就病毒H7N9发生时如何保护自己给我们提出了一些建议：洗你的手。遮住你的鼻子和嘴。戴口罩。经常做运动。锻炼会使你的身体

45、足以抵御病毒，可知短文就病毒H7N9发生时如何保护自己给我们提出了一些建议，故选Do【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6.阅读理解One day,a farmer was walking along a road with his son Thomas.The father said,Look!Theres a horseshoe.Pick it up arid put it in your bag.Thomas said.It isnt worth(

46、值 得)thetrouble.His father said nothing but he picked it up himself.When they got to a nearby town,they had a rest.There the farmer sold the horseshoe and with the few pennies he bought somecherries(樱 桃).The father and the son continued their way.The sun was well up in the sky,and there wasnt ahouse

47、or even a tree where they could have a rest.Thomas felt too thirsty(口 渴 的)to walk on.At the moment,his lather dropped a cherry on the ground and Thomas picked it up quickly andate it.After a while,his father dropped another cherry and once again,his son picked it up andput it in his mouth.And so the

48、y went on.The old farmer dropped the cherries and the son picked them up.WhenThomas had caught up all the cherries,his father said to him,My dear son,if you had bent(弯月 要)down in the beginning to pick up that horseshoe,you wouldnt have bent so many times forthe cherries.Always remember this lesson：I

49、f someone dont worry about the little things,hewill find it impossible for him to do the great things.(1)Who picked up the cherries on the ground?A.Thomas.B.The farmer.C.Both the father and the son.D.Nobody.(2)When the son refused to pick up the horseshoe,the father_.A.did nothing B.said nothing C.f

50、elt worried D.got angry(3)The father dropped the cherry one by one,b e c a u s e.A.he wanted to teach his son a lessonB.he wanted his son to do more exerciseC.he wanted his son to eat them allD.he wanted to punish his son for not picking up the horseshoe at first(4)From the story,we can learn t ha t