名校版英语语法解析accuse、blame和charge用法.pdf

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1、名校版英语语法考点解析accuse、blame和charge用法1.accuse sb of(doing)sth控告；控诉；谴责、指责某人做了某事被动语态：sb be accused of指控告某人犯了某一罪行或指责某人做了坏事，常可与介词o f连用。accuse sb of murder/theft控告某人谋杀/盗窃She accused him of lying.她指责他说谎。The government was accused of incompetence.政府被指责无能。incompetence inka:mpit9nsn.无能;不称职;不胜任He was accusing her

2、mum of having an affair withanother man.他指责她妈妈与另一个男人有染。Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud by thepolice.她的助手被警方指控犯有盗窃和欺诈罪。fraud fro idn.欺诈;欺诈罪;骗子彳亍骗的人;伪劣品;冒牌货The postgraduate student stands accused of stealinghis professors ideas and publishing them as his own.那名研究生被指责剽窃其教授的观点拿去发表。postgradu

3、ate ipoustgraedsustn.研究生adj.大学毕业后的;大学研究院的The candidate stands accused of breaking promiseseven before hes in office.该候选人还未上任就遭指责违背诺言。这 里stand可以理解为系动词,构成特殊被动语态。She accused her husband of setting the childrenagainst her.她指责丈夫唆使孩子们跟她作对。Many people accused the government ofshort-sightedness.很多人谴责政府目光短浅。

4、short-sightedness Joirt saitidnss近视;我国中小学生近视;短视，目光短浅The two police officers were accused of unlawfulkilling.这两名警员被控非法杀人。The police were accused of suppressing vital evidence.警方被指隐瞒关键证据。suppress ss presvt.镇压;（武力）平定;压制;禁止（发表）;查禁;封锁才卬制;控制;忍住They were accused of plotting against the state.他们被指控阴谋叛乱。plot

5、 pla:tn.情节;阴谋;故事情节;密谋;布局;（专用的）小块土地v.密谋;暗中策划;（在地图上）标出;绘制（图表）;绘 制（曲 线）；设计情节Government officials have been accused of acceptinginducements from local businessmen.政府官员被指控接受了当地商人的贿赂。inducement indumantn.引诱;刺激诱因He was charged with bribery.他被指控受贿。He accused the newspaper of trying to blacken hisname.他指责报纸企

6、图败坏他的名声。He was accused of having thrown the game.他被指责故意放水，输掉了这场比赛。The movie was accused of cheapening human life.有人指责这部电影贬低了人的生命价值。The government was accused of massaging theunemployment figures.政府被指责谎报了失业人数。massage ms sa:m按摩vt.按摩推拿;用揉擦（皮肤、头发等）;美化（事实）;虚报（数量）;粉饰He was accused of obtaining property by

7、 deception.他被指控骗取钱财。deception disepjhn.欺骗;蒙骗;t匡骗;诡计;骗术;骗局He accused his opponent of playing the immigrationcard during the campaign.他指责对手在竞选活动中打移民牌。opponent 9 poo ns ntn.对手;竞争者;反对者;阻止者adj.反对的immigration iimigreijhn.移民;移居（入境）;移民人数;移民局检查站She accused him of stealing her wallet.她指控他偷她的钱包。The woman was a

8、ccused of murder.那位妇女被控谋杀。The soldier was accused of running away when theenemy attacked.那名士兵被指控（指责）临阵脱逃。I accused her of cheating.我指责她作弊。The police accused him of theft.警方指控他犯有偷窃罪。2.blame vt.责备;责怪;指责;把归咎于常用结构：blame sb for被动语态：be blamed forA dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.一支乱扔的烟被指为引起

9、这场火灾的罪魁祸首。We get blamed for all kinds of things.什么事儿都怪在我们头上。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典You know perfectly well I cant be blamed for thefailure of that mission.你很清楚那次任务的失败不该怪我。mission mijhn.使命;使团;官方使命;使团的使命;代表团;执行任务的地点;（尤指在海外的）传教;布道;布道团;布道所;军事行动;太空飞行任务;任务，旅行vi.作艰苦的长途旅行（尤指去许多地方）Government penny-pinching is blamed f

10、or the declinein food standards.政府吝啬被指责是食品标准下降的原因。penny-pinching peni pintjirjadj.吝啬的二悭吝的;小气的decline diklainn.（数量、价值、质量等的）减 少，下 降，衰 落，衰退v.减少;下降;衰弱;衰退;谢绝;婉言拒绝;（根据名词、形容词或代词在句中的作用）变 格，使发生词形变化The press has been blamed for intruding into peoplespersonal lives in an unacceptable way新闻媒体因为以令人难以容忍的方式侵扰人们的私生

11、活而一直受到指责。intrude intru:dvi.闯入;侵入;打扰侵扰扰乱The recession is largely blamed for the disappointingresponse to the appeal.对此呼吁的反应令人失望，主要归咎于经济衰退。recession risejhn.经济衰退;经济萎缩;退后;撤回response Espansn.（口头的或书面的）回答,答复;反应;响应;（礼拜仪式中的）答唱咏，启应经appeal 美 9 1pi:ln.上诉;申诉;吸引力;感染力;魅力;（尤指慈善机构或警方的）呼吁，吁 请，恳求;启发v.上诉;申诉;有吸引力;有感染力;

12、弓|起兴趣;呼吁;吁青恳求启发He has already been blamed for his partys lacklusterperformance during the election campaign.他的政党在竞选活动中表现平平，他因此已受到指责。lackluster n./adj.平淡无奇;无光泽（的）；暗 淡（的）；无 生 气（的）performance psrfo irmsnsn.表演;演出;艺术上的表现;演技;表现:性能;业绩;工作情况;做;（不必要的）麻 烦，忙乱campaign kaempeinn.运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）;战役vi.

13、参加运动，领导运动（如为实现政治变革或赢得竞选胜利）I do not blame them for trying to make some money.我认为他们想赚一些钱也是情有可原的。She doesnt blame anyone for her fathers death.她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。be to blame（for sth）（对坏事）负有责任If anyones to blame,its me.如果有人该承担责任，那就是我。Which driver was to blame for the accident?哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者？The government is

14、 not wholly to blame for therecession.这次衰退不能完全怨政府。Driver fatigue was to blame for the accident这个事故是驾驶员疲劳所致。fatigue fa ti:gn.疲劳;劳累;厌倦;（金属或木材的）疲劳;（士兵穿的）工作服;士兵杂役V.使疲乏;使劳累;使（肌 肉，器 官）衰竭adj.令人身心交瘁的；劳心劳力的As far as I can judge,all of them are to blame.依 我 看，他们都应承担责任。3.charge（正 式）控 告；（公 开）指责;比较正式用语常用结构：charg

15、e sb with sth被动语态：sb be charged with指正式指控某人犯有某罪行，或公开谴责某人做了错事，常可与介词with连用。He was charged with murder.他被控谋杀。The minister was charged with abusing his power.这名部长被指责滥用职权。abuse 9 bju:s,9 bju:z n.滥用妄用;虐待;辱骂;恶语vt.滥用似致危害健康）;滥用，妄用（权力、所知所闻）;虐待;性虐待;伤害;辱骂She was charged with drunk driving.她被指控酒后驾驶。She was charg

16、ed with driving under the influence.她被控酒后驾驶。influence influsnsn.影响;作用;支配力;控制力;影响力;有影响的人（或事物）vt影响;对 起作用;支配;左右under the influence喝醉;（吸食毒品后）处于迷幻状态under the influence of drugs 在吸毒后He was charged with driving without due care andattention.他被控鲁莽驾驶。He was charged with causing a disturbance after thegame.他被

17、指控在比赛结束后制造骚乱。disturbance distairbsnsn.骚乱;障碍;紊乱;（受）打 扰，干 扰，妨碍;骚动;动乱;失调The youth was charged with three counts of burglary.那位年轻人被控犯有三次盗窃罪。burglary bairglsrin.入室偷盗罪They were charged with obstructing the police in thecourse of their duty.他们被指控妨碍警察执行公务。obstruct sb st FA ktvt.阻碍;阻挡;阻塞;遮断;做意）妨碍;阻挠He was ch

18、arged with carrying an offensive weapon.他被指控携带攻击性武器。offensive9 fensivadj.无礼的;进攻性的;冒犯的彳导罪人的;极其讨厌的;令人不适的;攻击性的;攻方的n.进攻;攻势;攻击;侵犯;（引人注意的）系列行动;运动She has been charged with the attempted murder ofher husband.她被指控意图谋杀丈夫。He was charged with pushing drugs.他被控贩毒。push pujv推;推动（人或物）;移动（身体部位 推 进（道路 挤开;促使（达到某程度或状态）

19、才安;说服;鞭策;迫使生 气（或 不 安）;力劝接受;贩卖毒品方廷进n推操;进攻;攻势梃进;矢志的追求;坚定的努力;鼓励Shes been charged with tax evasion.她被控逃税。evasion Iveisnn.逃避;规避;回避;躲避;遁词;借口托词He is charged with accepting bribes from a firm ofsuppliers.他被控收受了一家供应商的贿赂。bribe braibn.贿赂vt.向（某人）行贿;贿赂bribery braibsrin行贿;受贿;贿赂He was charged with possessing a sho

20、tgun without alicence.他被控无照拥有猎枪。Both men were charged with assault.两人均被控侵犯他人身体罪。assault s saltn.攻击;突击;袭击侵犯他人身体（罪）;侵犯人身罪;晌困难或危险事物发起的）冲击力平击Vt.猛烈攻击，袭 击，侵犯人身（尤指构成罪行）;使（感官）难受He has been charged with assaulting a police officer.他被控袭击警察。He was charged with committing public nuisance.他被控妨害公众利益。commit ks mit

21、v.犯罪;自杀;做出（错或非法的事）;犯（罪或错等）;承诺保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）；（公 开 地）表示意见，作出决 定（以致日后难以更改）；忠于;花（钱或时间）；（下 令）把（某 人）送 进（医院或监狱等）；把（某 人）送交法庭受审;把学好记牢把 记（或 写）下来nuisancenu:snsn.讨厌的人（或东西）;麻烦事;妨害行为The couple were charged with grand/petty larceny.那对夫妇被指控犯有重大/轻微盗窃罪。larcenylocrsanin.盗窃罪;偷盗;盗窃She was charged with resisting arre

22、st.她被控拒捕。resist rizistv抵制;阻挡;反抗;回击;抵抗;忍住抵挡;使不受的伤害n.防染剂;防蚀用涂料;防腐剂She was charged with possession.她被控持有违禁物品。He was charged with murder,but got off on a plea ofinsanity.他被指控犯了谋杀罪，但以精神错乱为由逃过惩罚。plea pli:n.恳求;请求;（被告或被告律师的）抗 辩，答 辩，辩护;（向法庭提供的）理 由，借 口，辩解insanity in saenatin.精神失常;精神错乱;精神病;十分愚蠢的行为;荒唐的行为The org

23、anizers of the march were charged with assaultand riotous assembly.游行组织者被控侵犯人身及暴乱性非法集会。riotous raistssadj.暴乱的;狂欢的;骚乱的;纵情欢闹的assembly a semblin.装配;集会;议会;立法机构;会议;（统称）集会者;（全校师生的）晨 会I朝会They were charged with conspiracy to murder.他们被指控密谋策划谋杀。conspiracy kanspirasin.密谋策划;阴谋He was charged with indecently ass

24、aulting fivewomen.他被控猥亵五名妇女。indecently猥亵地;不体面地;猥亵He was charged with rape.他被控犯了强奸罪。rape reipn.强奸罪;强奸案;肆意损坏;肆意糟蹋;蹂蹒;油菜vt.强奸;强暴He was arrested and charged with extortion.他因敲诈勒索罪被拘捕和控告。extortion iksto irjhn.敲诈罪;勒索罪sb be charged with 另一个含义：某人被赋予职 责（义 务）The committee has been charged with thedevelopment

25、of sport in the region.委员会已被赋予在该地区发展体育运动的职责。The governing body is charged with managing theschool within its budget.学校管理机构负有在预算范围内管理好学校的职责。budget bAdsitn.预算;政府的年度预算v.谨慎花钱才巴 编入预算adj.价格低廉的;花钱少的somewhere be charged with sth 某地充满了.The room was charged with hatred.这个房间里充满了敌意。牛津高阶英汉双解词典hatred heitridn.仇恨

26、曾恨厌恶She was punished by teachers for answering back她由于顶嘴而受到了老师的惩罚。Worried about the journey,I was unsettled for the firstfew days.由于担心旅途，最初几天我感到不安。I was unsettled是主系表结构for the first few days 是时间状语Worried about the journey 是原因状语,相当于 BecauseI was worried about the journey.Worried a bout.是过去分词或者说是由过去分词

27、发展而来的形容词作状语，不能用worrying about替 换，为什么呢?worry作 动 词，表示使（某 人）担 心，使（某 人）忧 虑 ，如：1.He played computer games all the Sunday,whichworried his parents.他整个周日都玩电脑游戏，这让他父母亲很担心。2.一Why didnt you tell m e?你为什么没有告诉我?一I didnt want to worry you.我不想让你担心。从上面句子可以看出，动 词worry与人（you）是动宾关系，也就是被动关系，如果人作主语，就应该是被动语态了。即：I am wor

28、ried.我感觉担心。所 以，be worried表示人的感觉，而 句1中可以看出事情与worry是主动关系所以worrying 一般指事物性质如：Its worrying that theyre doing things withouttraining.（it指代后面的that从句）他们没经过培训就做这些事情，这让人很担心。Its been a worrying time for us all.我们大家一直忧心忡忡。Im worried about that.我对这个事情很担心。The police are worried that the man may be armed.警方担心那个人可

29、能携带着武器。现在再回到最初的那个句子上：Because I was worried about the journey z I wasunsettled for the first few days.因为主从句的主语一样，从句的谓语是be动词，可以省略掉，就变成了：Worried about the journey,I was unsettled for the firstfew days.所以,worried不能用worrying代替。这里的worried实质就是形容词作原因状语，worried adj.担心的;担忧的;发愁的（含有令人不快、使人担忧）worrying adj.令人担忧的;令人发愁的（描述事物本身的性质的就是令人担忧的；令人发愁的）a worrying development令人担忧的发展It must be worrying for you not to know where he is.你不知道他的下落一定很着急。再看一个形容词作状语的例句：Weary and discouraged,I didn t seem able to doanything right.由于疲惫和失望，我似乎什么都干不好。类似的动词：excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,puzzle等这些动词的-ing形式表示事物性质,-ed形式表示人的感觉。