名校版英语经典句型考点解析反身代词及短语.pdf

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1、名校版英语经典句型考点解析反身代词及短语for oneself为自己;独自One shouldn,t live for himself alone.You must find it out for yourself.to oneself独自享用When he eats in a restaurant,he likes a table to himself.of oneself自动地The door opened of itself.dress oneself自己穿衣The children dressed themselves up as angels to attend theceremon

2、y.孩子们把自己打扮成天使去参加典礼。come to oneself 恢复知觉After three hours in the hospital bed,he began to come tohimself.躺在医院床上三个小时后，他开始苏醒过来。hide oneself把自己藏起来To leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself,often to avoidarrest or prosecution.秘密而迅速地离开且隐藏自己，常为躲避逮捕或迫害。teach oneself 自学Training attentively students abili

3、ty to analyse,solve problemsand teach oneself;注重培养学生分析、解决问题的能力和自学能力He teaches himself playing basketball.他自学打篮球。lose oneself迷 路,沉浸于He lost himself in reading.他沉浸于阅读中。talk to oneself 自言自语She couldnt sleep at night and often talked to himself.她晚上睡不着，经常自言自语。excuse oneself 自我辩解To excuse oneself before t

4、here is occasion is to accuse oneself.在有必要辩解之前就为自己辩解，其实就是在控告自己。He excused himself from the party.他要求不参加这次聚会。be not oneself身体不舒服在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如：I don,t know whaf s the matter with me.Y m not myself today.我不知道怎么啦。今天我感觉不舒服。express oneself清楚表达自己的意思He is still unable to express

5、 himself in English.for oneself替自己，为自己in oneself 本身between ourselves私下说的话（不可告诉别人）Just between ourselves,I don t think much of him.among themsekes 他们之间to oneself供自己使用by oneself独自地，单独地He caught the robber by himself.他单凭自己抓住了抢劫者。I cant do such a thing by myself.我自己干不了这样一件事。by itself自然地The machine will

6、start by itself in a few seconds.between ourselves 私下说说Between ourselves,that young mans hair is much too long.就咱俩之间说说，那小伙子的头发实在是太长了。This is just between ourselves.这只是咱俩私下的悄悄话。devote oneself to致力于，专注于He decided to devote himself to gardening after his retirement.他决定退休后专心于园艺。I am determined to devote

7、 myself to the cause of education.enjoy oneself玩得开心，过得快乐I hope you will enjoy yourself here.我希望你在这里玩得开心。Bars are places where people gather to drink and enjoythemselves.酒吧是人们相聚饮酒享乐的地方。in oneself本 身,自身Poverty in itself does not make men into a rabble.贫困本身并不能使人成为贱民。These little things arent important

8、in themselves.这些小事情本身并不重要。help oneself（to sth）自 便,自取 Help yourself!（请随便吃吧!）Make yourself at home!（别客气!）Don1 t upset yourself!（别自寻烦 恼！）另 外，也还用于一些固定说法，如make yourself heard/understood（使你的话被人听得见/理解）Please help yourself!请随便吃吧！Please help yourself to some fish.请随便吃些鱼。They help themselves to several cans o

9、f fruits and vegetables,the price being marked on each can.她们自己取下几个水果和蔬菜罐 头，每个罐头上都标着价钱。give oneself u p自首，投 案，投降He decided to give himself up to the police.他决定向警方自首。lose oneself(in)沉迷于，专注于；迷路He lost himself in thought.他陷入沉思之中。They lost themselves in the forest.他们迷失在丛林里。throw oneself in to投身于，积极从事The

10、y threw themselves into the new project 他们积极参与到新项目中。abandon oneself to陷入 沉湎于(某种情感)He abandoned himself to this sort of pleasures.他沉溺于这类娱乐之中。avail oneself of 利用(机会等)He availed himself of every opportunity to talk to Andy,你利用切机会和安迪搭上话。.assert oneself坚持自己的主张，表现坚定A leader must assert himself sometimes i

11、n order to be followed.领导有时应该表现出自己的权威，好让别人照你说的去做。You d better go and see him yourself.你最好亲自去看看他。You should learn to take care of yourself.你应该学会自己照顾自己。中学英语中出现的反身代词用法归纳如下：1.用以加强语气，表示亲自。If one wants knowledge of a skill,one must take part in itoneself.He went there himself the day before yesterday.2.与典

12、型介词搭配，构成固定短语，表达特定含义。1)(all)by oneself 单独地When I was young,I had to make a living all by myself.Would you go there by yourself?2)to oneself独自享用When he eats in a restaurant,he likes a table to himself.3)for oneself为自己;独自One shouldnz t live for himself alone.You must find it out for yourself.4)of onese

13、lf 自动地The door opened of itself.5)between ourselves 私下里Just between ourselves,I donz t think much of him.6)in oneself 本身The materials in themselves were not poisonous.7)beside oneself喜怒时发狂She was beside herself with joy.8)by itself 自然地The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.3.与典型动词搭配，构成固定短

14、语。1)be not oneself 身体不好r m not quite myself today.(F m unwell.)2)enjoy oneself玩得很痛快3)help oneself to sth.随便吃Please help yourself to some fish.4)teach oneself sth.自学When he was young,he taught himself advanced mathematics.5)accustom oneself to 习惯于He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.

15、6)devote oneself to 致力于I am determined to devote myself to the cause of education.7)adapt oneself to 适应She quickly adapted herself to the new climate.8)adjust oneself to 调 整；适应The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature.9)behave oneself 举止得体Please behave yourselves.10)dress oneself 穿衣服

16、He is too young to dress himself.11)seat oneself 就坐He seated himself in the chair and began to read the novel.12)make oneself heard/understood/seen/known/believed让自己被(别 人)听见/听懂/看见/认识/相信He raised his voice to make himself heard by all.13)find oneself无意识中发现自己At last,we found ourselves in a pleasant pa

17、rk with treesproviding shade and sat down to eat our picnic lunch.14)express oneself清楚表达自己的意思He is still unable to express himself in English.15）talk to oneself 自言自语16）come to oneself 苏醒one作为同位语的用法考点的重要性是不言而喻的，请 看：1.Meeting my uncle after these years was an unforgetbablemoment,I will always treasure

18、.（02 高 考）A that B one C it D what【解析】答 案 是B,o n e代 替a moment,其后面省略了充当动词treasure 宾语的 that;I will always treasure 是 one 的定语从句,one是 an unforgetbable moment 的同位语。2.Helping others is a habit,one you can learn even at anearly age.（2011山东卷改编）A.it B.that C.what D.who【解析】选Bo one是a habit的同位语。作为定语从句的先行词，后用whic

19、h或that作定语从句动词learn的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。that引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不作成分（一般不省），且不可用which来取代;that引导定语从句时，that须作主语、宾语或表语（作宾语时常可省），且常可用which来取代。3.(06 江苏)My most famous relative of all,who really left hismark on America,was Reb Sussel,my great-grandfather.A.one B.the one C.he D.someone答 案B解 析：此题考查代词的用法。由句子结构知，此 处 缺

20、少my mostfamous relative的同位语成分，用来表示特指，故A、D两项可排除。the one可以用来表示特指，指代前面出现过的人；C项虽可作同位 语，但前句未提示relative的性别；故B项为最佳答案。4.1 have been admitted into a key university,_ F ve beendreamingof for yearsA that B what C one D where答案为c本题的意思是：我被一所重点大学录取了，一所我一直以来梦想很多年的大学。I have been admitted into a key university,one(t

21、hat)Ive beendreaming of for years.本句中 one做了前面a key university 的同位语(=a key university),后面是由that引导的定语从句，因为that在从句中做了 dreaming of的宾语，所以省略了。本句还可以填which来引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词keyuniversity,并且在从句中做那样dreaming o f的宾语,which引导非限制性定语从句不可以省略。5.Ang lees won another OSCAR for directing life of pi telling anamazing st

22、ory,describing an Indian boy and a tiger on alife craft in the PacificA.which B one C.what D.that【解析】选B,其实不填也行，填which就是定语从句，就不能describing,而要用 describes.这里用 one 其实就是 an amazingstory 的同位语,describing an Indian boy and a tiger on a lifecraft in the Pacific现在分词短语作o ne的定语。因为执导Life of Pi,李安又赢得了一个奥斯卡奖。这部电影叙

23、述了一个令人惊讶的故事，这是一个描述一个印度男孩和老虎的故事。故B正确。6.Liu Xiang s break the record in the Asian Games was anexciting m o m e n t,a ll of us will never forget.A.that B.one C.it D.what试题解析：这两题都应该选择one。one=a/an+n.但是在这两题中one起的作用不一样：例1中，考生拿到题目时，会问怎么没有which选 项，不是非限制性定语从句吗？当 然Which是对的，但是我们也可以用one作为同位语用后加省略了关系代词的定语从句.7.For

24、 many seniors in some universities,the final year can be anunpleasant experience,_that ends the campus romance.A.which B.the one C.what D.one答：选D解 析：此题考查代词的用法。这句话的意思是 对于很多大学高年级的学生来说，最后一年将会是一个不快乐的经历，那意味着校园里浪漫故事的结束，这里用one替代an unpleasant experience,作同位语，起到了补充说明的作用。8.1 have been admitted into a key univ

25、ersity,_F ve beendreaming of for yearsA that B what C one D where答案为c我被录取入一个重点大学，一个我梦想了好多年的大学。9.Ms.Claire is a strict but kind te a c h e r,w h o,usually,her students.A.ones;are liked byB.one;are liked byC.ones;is popular amongD.one;is popular with解析:考查定语从句结构的同时考查词组搭配。从句子结构来看很明显是个非限定性定语从句Qne=one tea

26、cher在本题中作Ms.Claire的同位语。先行词是单数，同位语one也用单数形式，从句中的谓语动词因此也用单数。被喜欢；受欢迎 可以用be liked by sb.或be popularwith/among sb.来表达。所以答案为DolO.Understanding the culture habits of another nation,especiallycontaining as many different subcultures as the UnitedStates,is a difficult task.A.one B.it C.that D.the one本题考点：代词思路分析：句 意：要了解一个国家的文化习惯，尤其是像美国这样一个集成了多种文 化 的 国 家 的 文 化，是 很 困 难 的。这 里 整 个 句 子 的 主 语 是Understanding the cultural habits of another nation,这里 one 是nation的同位语，这里是泛指，所以前面不用加定冠词，故选Ao点 评：本题难度适中。代词在近几年的高考中出现的频率较高，不仅在单选里，还出现在短文改错中。