2023年高考英语核心名词构成的短语大梳理.pdf

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1、高考核心名词构成的必考短语大梳理achievementa sense of achievement 种成就感actan act of kindness 善举actionin action在活动中；在运转out of action失去作用；停止运转activityoutdoor/cultural/leisure/classroom activities户外/文化/休闲/课堂活动additionin addition另 夕 卜；加之in addition to 除.之 外（还）advancemake great advances取得很大进展technological/scientific/medi

2、cal advances 技术/科学/医学上的进步advantagea big/considerable/great advantage 大的/相当大的/很大的优势have the advantage of 有.的优势take advantage of 利用advicea piece of advice 一条建议ask/seek one*s advice征求某人的意见accept/follow/take ones advice 接受某人的意见affairthe Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部current/international/business affai

3、rs时事/国际事务/商务an expert on foreign affairs 夕卜事专家put ones affairs in order把某人的事务安排妥当agreementsign an agreement 签订协议arrive at/come to/reachan agreement（with）（与.）达成协议carry out an agreement 执行协议hold to/keep an agreement 遵守协议aiddo/give/offer first aid 进行急救with the aid o f在.的帮助下；借助于come/go to ones aid 帮助某人a

4、imachieve/realize ones aim 达至目的/实现目标miss ones a im 打不中目标；达不到目的aim to do sth./aim at doing sth.力求做某事a programme aimed at teenagers针对青少年的节目airin the air（某种情绪）弥漫在空气中；即将发生on（the）air正在广播air ones views/complaints 述说看:去/怨言alarmraise/sound the alarm 发出警报set the alarm for six把闹钟定在6 点alternativehave no altern

5、ative but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择alternative energy替代能源（指太阳能、风能、水能等）ambitionachieve/fulfill/realize an ambition 实现抱负amountamounts of/a large（huge）amount of 大量的a small/tiny amount of 少量的amount t o 达 到（某数量）；合计；相当于；等于；意味着beliefa firm/strong belief 坚定的信念amusementbeyond belief令人难以置信the amusement park 游乐场with

6、/in amusement 津津有味地belongingspersonal belongings 个人财物analysiscarry out/do an analysis of 对.作分析belta safety/seat belt 安全带backback to back 背靠背back and forth来回地;反复地backsb.up支持某人fasten the seat belt 系上安全带tighten ones belt 非正式用语 勒紧裤腰带过日子benefitbagbe in the b ag十拿九稳；稳操胜券be of benefit to 对.有益for ones benef

7、it/for the benefit of sb.为了某人（的利益）balancekeep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡a balance between.and.和之间的平衡bidmake a b id 出价/竞标birthbargaina real bargain 真便宜settle/close/conclude/strike a bargain 成交；达成协议make a bargain达成交易at birth出生时birth certificate 出生证明by birth在血统上；生来date of birth/birth date 出生日期give birth

8、 to 生(孩 子/仔)；产生；引起basison a regular basis定期地；经常地on the basis o f 在.的基础上bita bit(of)有点儿；一点儿bit by bit一点点地；渐渐not a bit 一点儿也不bathhave/take a bath 洗澡blametake/bear the blame 承担责任behalfput the blame o n 把责任推给.in behalf of sb./in ones behalf 为帮助某人on behalf of sb./on ones behalf 代表某人；为帮助某人；为了某人，因为某人bloodgi

9、ve/lose/draw blood 献/失/抽血make ones blood b o il使某人怒火中烧beingbring into being 带来come into being 开始存在for the time being 暂时boardon board在船/火车/飞机上boat in the same boat处境相同;面临同样的危险care fo r照看；照顾；非常喜欢；想要bodybody and so u l全心全意keep body and soul together 勉强糊口；生活拮据casea classic case 一个典型案例case history 病历on t

10、he case处理此案win/lose a case 胜诉/败诉bottomfrom the bottom of ones heart 衷心地；发自内心地in any case在任何情况下；不管怎样in no case在任何情况下都不；决不in this case在这种情况下in that case既然如此;那样的话breadones bread and butter 某人的生计in ones case就某人的情况来说(just)in case 以防；以防万一in case o f 如果；假使breathin the case of就.来说；至于catch ones breath 缓一 口气；

11、歇口气hold ones breath 屏息；憋住气out of breath上气不接下气cashin cash用现金briefin brief简言之；总而言之causecause and effect 因果the root cause 根源businesson business 出差get down to business（认真）着手办事；专心工作out of business 停业；倒闭with/without good cause有充分的理由/没有充分的理由give cause for concern 有理由担忧a good cause 一项有益的事业cautioncampwith gr

12、eat caution 极为小心地set up/make cam p扎营;搭建营地go camping去 里 于 营celebrationbirthday/wedding celebrations 生日/结婚庆典carby car乘小汽车park a car 停车centrea business centre 商业中心carein/under the care of sb,由某人照看health care医疗保健hair care 护发handle with care 小心轻放with great care 精心take care注意；当心；珍重；保重take care o f 照顾；照料；处

13、理challengeface the challenge 面对挑战accept/take up the challenge 接受挑战meet/rise to the challenge of 面对/迎接.挑战chancegive sb.a chance给某人一个机会miss the chance 错过机会get a second chance 还有一次机会by chance碰巧;意外地take chances/a chance 冒险一试；碰运气the chances are(that)很可能.channelchange/switch channels 转换频道charactercharacte

14、r building 品格培养chargein charge(of sth.)负责(某事)in/under ones charge 由某人负责in the charge o f 由.负责；由.掌管take charge of 负责；主管free of charge 免费on charge充电中chathave a chat闲谈；聊天a chat room聊天室choicehave no choice(but to do sth.)别无选择(只好做某事)make a choice 作出选择circlea circle of friends 一群朋友business/political circl

15、es 商/政界circumstancein/under.circumstances 在.情况下in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不clapgive sb.a clap为某人鼓掌classat the top of the class 名列前茅attend evening classes/dancing classes 上夜校/上舞蹈课lower/middle/upper class下层阶级/中产阶级/上层阶级working class工人阶级first/business/economy class头等舱/商务舱/经济舱clicka click of the m

16、ouse 点击鼠标coaston the coast在海岸上off the coast在沿岸的海面上coffeeblack/white coffee不加奶/加奶的咖啡cointhe other/opposite side of the coin事情的另一面coldcatch a cold 感冒turn cold 变冷feel ice/freezing cold 感觉冷极/collectiona collection of 很多collegeat college上大学时attend college(=go to college)上大学colourin colour彩色的lose colour失色

17、；褪色；面无血色comfortcomfort zone 舒适区in the comfort of 舒服地live in comfort舒适地生活find comfort in 在.中找到安慰provide comfort 提供安慰commandtake command开始指挥under ones command在某人的指挥下have a good command of 精通；对.掌握得好commentno comment无可奉告make comments on 对.作出评价commitmentmake a commitment to doing sth.承诺做某事communicationco

18、mmunication skills 沟通技巧a means of communication 一种通信方式communitycommunity service/spirit 社区服务/精神the sense of community 社区归属感companyrun/join a company经营/加入一家公司set up/start a company 成立公司enjoy each others company 享受彼此的陪伴for company作伴；陪伴in company with 与.起；与.同时keep company(with)(和.)交往/结交keep pany 陪伴某人co

19、mplainta letter of complaint 投诉信make a complaint against 投诉conclusionjump to conclusions 匆忙下结论arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论in conclusion 最后；总之conditionin(a)good/bad condition 状况良好/不佳in its original condition 保持原样out of condition(健康)状况不佳the human condition人类生存的状况improve living/working

20、 conditions 改善生，舌/工作环境a necessary condition 必要条件on no condition 决不on(the)condition that 在.条件下；倘若conferencehave a conference with 与.商谈confidencehave/lose confidence in sb.对某人抱有/失去信心(a)lack of confidence in sb./sth.对某人/某事缺乏信心gain/win/earn ones confidence得到/赢得/获得某人的信任lack confidence in oneself 对自己缺乏自信i

21、ncrease/build up ones confidence增强/建立自信gain confidence 获得自信say/speak with confidence 有把握地说conflicta conflict of interest利益冲突come into conflict with 与.产生矛盾in conflict with.over 就.与.有矛盾connectionloose connection 接触不良in connection with 关于；与.有关consequenceface/take the consequences 面对/承担后果as a consequenc

22、e/in consequence 结果；因此as a consequence of sth./in consequence of sth.由于considerationunder consideration 在考虑中give consideration to 考虑have/show no consideration for others 不顾另U人in consideration of/for 考虑到；由于take sth.into consideration 考虑到某事;顾及某事costcontactlose contact with 与.失去联络keep/stay in contact w

23、ith 与.保持联系make contact with 与.取得联系contraryon the contrary正相反；恰恰相反to the contrary相反的；相反地contrastby/in contrast 相 比之下in contrast with/to 与.形成对比；与.相反make a contrast with 与.形成对比controlbeyond ones control某人无法掌握/无法控制have control(of/over)(对)有控制权/有控制能力in control o f支配;管理lose control(of/over)(Xj.)失去控制；无法控制(住

24、)out of control不受控制；失去控制take/gain/get control(of/over)支配；管理under control受支配；受控制under the control o f受.的控制/管理/支配conveniencea convenience store 便利店convenience foods 方便食品for convenience 方便起见at ones convenience在某人方便时conversationhave a conversation with sb.about sth.和某人就某事谈话cornerin the corner在角落里(just)a

25、round/round the corner 就在拐角的地方；即将发生the cost of living 生活费用reduce costs降低成本whatever the cost 不惜一切代价at the cost o f 以.为代价at all costs/at any cost 不惜任何代价couragehave the courage to do sth.有勇气做某事coursethe course of treatment 疗程the course of life 一生历程on/off course航向正确/偏离航向main course 主菜in/during/over/thro

26、ughout the course of在过程中；在期间in due course在适当的时候ofcourse(not)当然(不)stay the course 坚持到底courttake sb.to court把某人告上法庭appear in court 出庭coverthe front/back cover 封面/封底creaturea creature of habit严守生活习惯的人creditgain/lose credit取得/失去信任credit card 信用卡on credit 贷款crowda crowd of/crowds of 一大群；很多crowd into 涌入cu

27、ltureculture shock文化冲击curiositysatisfy/arouse ones curiosity 满足/激起某人的好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇customera regular customer 老顾客；常客dailyChina Daily 中国日报damagesuffer brain damage 脑部受损do/cause damage to 损害.pay damages o f 支付.钱的损害赔偿金dancea dance floor 舞池at a dance在舞会上give/hold a dance 举行舞会an evening of musi

28、c and dance 歌舞晚会dancera good/bad dancer 跳得好/不好dangerin/out of danger处于危险中/脱离危险darkbefore/after dark天黑以前/以后in the dark在暗处；秘密地；全然不知的dashthe 100-metre dash 100 米短跑make a dash for 向.冲去datefix/set a date for 确定.日期Whats the date today?今天几号？be out on a date出去约会make/have a date with sb.与某人约会out of date过时的；陈

29、旧的upto date直到最近的;最新的dawnfrom dawn till dusk 从早到晚at daw n黎明时the dawn of civilization 文明的起源daythe day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天Tomorrow is another day.明天又是崭新的一天。as bright as day 亮如白昼in the day(time)在白天a seven-hour working day 七小时工作日take a day off 请一天假National Day 国庆节all day(long)一整天

30、(all)day and(all)night整日整夜;日日夜夜地day after day 强调重复 日复一日地；天天day by day 强调变化 一天天地；逐日地day in and day out/day in,day out 天天one day(过去或将来的)某一天some day(将来)总有一天；(日后)某一天the other d ay前几天;前不久these days现在；如今to this day 至今dealget some good deals on the Internet 在互联网上买到便宜货make/do/strike/reach a deal 达成协议Its a d

31、eal成交。Its not a big deal.没什么大不了的。a great/good d e al大量；很多；常接比较级 得多a great/good deal of 接不可数名词 大量的.；很多的.deathdeaths from car crashes 车祸死亡人数burn/starve to death 烧死/饿死be bored/scared/frightened to death 无聊得/怕得要死debateopen/close a debate开始/终止辩论under debate在讨论/辩论中a fierce/heated debate about/on/over sth.

32、关于某事的激烈的争论debtfall/get/run into debt 借债；负债in debtfto sb.)X(某 人)债;受(某 人)恩 惠out of debt不欠债pay off ones debts 还清债务decisionmake/take a decision(=decide)作 出决定arrive at/come to/reach a decision 作出决定declinethe economic decline 经济衰退a sharp decline in sth.急剧下降deedgood/bad deeds 好事/坏事defeatsuffer a defeat 败北a

33、dmit/accept defeat 承认失败defence/defensethe Ministry of Defence/the DefenseDepartment 国防部degreefirst degree bums 一度烧伤earn/get/receive/be awarded a degree in.取得 学位to a(certain)degree/to some degree在(一定)程度上；相当delaywithout delay 立亥ijdelighttake delight in(doing)sth.高兴做某事in/with delight 高兴地to onel delight

34、使某人高兴的是deliverya delivery man 送货员demanda demand for higher wages 加薪的要求meet/satisfy the demands of the customers满足客户要求supply and demand 供求in demand非常需要的；受欢迎的on demand 正式用语 一经要求deposita current/fixed deposit 活期/定期存款depthin depth完全地；彻底地；深入地despairin despair绝望地detailin detail详细地go into detail(s)详细叙述；逐一说

35、明devotiondevotion to duty 忠于职守diarykeep a diary i己 日 i己dictionarylook up a word in the dictionary 查词典diet a balanced,healthy diet均衡、健康的日常饮食be/go on a diet 节食differencemake a/no difference有/无影响；有重要作用/无关紧要difficultyrun/get into difficulties 遇到困难overcome difficulties 克服困难have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某

36、事有困难in difficulty/difficulties（经济上）困难;处于逆境with difficulty困难地；艰难地without difficulty容易地；毫不费力地dutya sense of duty 责任感report for duty 上班签到duty-free shops 免税商店do ones duty尽某人的责任dilemmaon duty值班；值勤；上班be in a dilemma处于进退两难的境地eardisadvantageat a disadvantage处于不利地位be all ears洗耳恭听close/shut ones ears to 不听；不愿

37、听give an ear to 倾听disappointmentto ones disappointment令某人失望的是earthon earth（在）世界上；（在）人间；究竟；到disastera natural disaster/an air disaster 自然灾害/空底难easeat ease放松；舒适；自在discounta discount shop/store 折扣店put sb.at(ones)ease 使某人放松edgediscriminationage/sex/racial discrimination 年龄/性别/种族歧视have/gain an edge on/ov

38、er比占优势；胜过effectdisha dish of meat 一盘/碟肉do/wash the dishes 洗碗a main dish 主菜greenhouse effect 温室效应side effect 副作用have an effect on 对 有影响bring/put.into effect 实施；实行in effect在实施中；有效；实际上；事实上disliketake/come into effect 生效；起作用have a dislike of/for 厌恶；不喜欢likes and dislikes 好恶effortmake an effort to do sth.

39、努力做某事distancewithin walking distance在步行的距离内at/from a distance 有一段距离in the distance 在远处keep ones distance 保持距离emphasisput emphasis on 强调employmentfull-time/part-time employment 全职/兼职工doubt作in doubt不确定；拿不准no doubt无疑；很可能without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问；的确endat the end of在 的末梢；在 的尽头at the end of the day 最终；到头来

40、bring/put an end to 结束；终止by the end of在.结束时;到.末为止come to an e n d 告终；结束；完结in the end最后；终于make(both)ends meet使收支相抵；勉强维持生计on e n d 连续地energy(be)full of energy 充满活力environmenta working/learning environment 工作/学习环境envybe the envy o f是令.羡慕或嫉妒的对象errorin error弄错了的；错误地eventat all events/in any event不论怎样；无论如

41、何in the event结果;到头来in the event of/that 如果.发生；倘若examinationtake/sit/do an examination(in.)参力U(.)考试examplefollow ones example学习某人；效仿某人for example 例如set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样take.for example 以.为例exceptionwithout exception 毫无例外make an exception 破例exchangean exchange student 交换生an exchange of ideas/i

42、nformation 思想/信息交流 in exchange for 交换.foreign exchange 外汇an exchange rate 汇率excitementin excitement兴奋地；激动地existencecome into existence开始存在；产生expectationbeyond(sb.s)expectation(s)(某人)意料地expensespare no expense(in doing sth.)不惜费用(做某事)living/household expenses 生活费用/家庭开支at ones expense由某人付费/负担费用at the e

43、xpense of 以.为代价eyeBeauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。have an eye for对 有鉴赏力/识别力keep/have ones eye on 密切注视；监视ke即 an eye o n 照看；注意keep an eye out(for)密切注意；留神shut/close ones eyes to 对.视而不见；对置之不理faceface to face面对面地in the face o f面对；不顾lose face丢脸；失面子make/pull a face/faces 做鬼脸to ones face当着某人的面(

44、be)faced with 面临factas a matter of fact 事实上in fact其实；实际上failwithout fail必定；总是；务必out of focus焦点未对准的；模糊不清的focus（.）on/upon 集中（）于；聚焦（）千fancytake a fancy to 喜欢take ones fancy 非正式用语 引起某人的兴趣jfollowingthe following下列人员；下列事物fashionin(a).fashion 以 的方式foolmake a fool of 愚弄make a fool of oneself 干蠢事；出洋相faultat

45、fault有责任；有过错find fault（with）找磕儿；抱怨；挑剔ones fault某人的过错footdrag onel feet拖拉；行动迟缓on fo ot步行set foot in/on进入；访问；参观favourstand on ones own feet 独立自主do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favour请某人帮忙win ones favour赢得某人的好感/欢心in favour o f赞同;支持in ones favour对某人有利forcein force(法律等)有效；在实施中formerthe former.the latter.前者.

46、后者.fearwith fe ar害怕地for fear of(doing)sth./for fear(that)生怕；以免fortunemake a fortune 发财；发迹infear（ofsth.）恐 惧（某事）;担 心（某事）without fear（of sth.）不 畏 惧（某事）friendbe/make friends(with)(与.)交朋友firecatch fire 着火keep friends with与 保持友好关系make friends again言归于好；重修旧好play with fire 玩火set.on fire/set fire to 使 燃烧；放火烧

47、under fire 遭到炮火袭击；受到严厉批评/责难frontin忏。N（0。在（外部的）刖面;在（.）面前in the front（of）在（内部的）刖部flashin/like a flash很快地；马上fruitbear fruit（树等）结果；（计划等）成功fleshflesh and blood 血肉之躯in the flesh活生生地；本人funfor fun为了玩乐in fu n 闹着玩地focusin focus焦点对准的；清晰的have fu n 玩得开心make fun o f 取笑；拿.开玩笑futurein future 今后in the(near)future(不久

48、的)将来have a/no future有/没有前途；有/没有未来there is a/no future in sth.某事有/没有前途goala ch i eve/a tta i n/rea ch ones goal 实现 目标set a goal设定目标groundgive/lose ground退让；让步；失利groupa group of 一群(组)guardon guard站岗；值班；保持警惕off(sb.s)guard不提防；丧失警惕guidanceunder the guidance of sb./under onesguidance在某人的指导下hono(u)ra man o

49、f honour品德高尚的人a matter/point/question of honour 道义上的事have the honour of(doing)sth.有幸做某事in honour of sb./in ones honour 为向某人表示敬意；为纪念某人be/feel honoured to do sth.做某事感到荣幸hopebe beyond hope(of)没 有(.的)希望in the hope of/in hopes that/in the hope that怀着.的希望I hope so/not.我希望是/不是。hope to do sth.希望做某事hope for

50、the best做最好的打算；希望某事顺利horrorin horror恐惧地to ones horror/to the horror of sb.使某人感至ij惊恐的是hospitalbe taken to hospital 被送往医院hourwork long/regular hours工作时间长/工作时间固定by the hour按小时/钟点hour by hour时时刻刻地keep early/late hours早睡早起/晚睡晚起houseat ones house在某人家里move house 搬家humo(u)ra sense of humour 幽默感huntera barga