2023年小学英语人教版PEP版语法要点详解及练习题-六年级-小升初必备大全.pdf
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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 1 小学英语(人教版PEP 版)语法要点及习题 1 名词复数规则 1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2以s.x.sh.ch 结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y 为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries 4 以“f 或fe”结尾,变f 或fe 为v,再加-es,(但有一个特例:roofroofs)。如:knife-knives lea
2、f-leaves wife-wives thief-thieves wolf-wolves 5 以“o”结尾的单词,如果有生命,加-es;如果没有生命,加-s。如:有生命:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes 没生命:radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos 6 不规则名词的复数变化:(一)完全不规则:man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mous
3、e-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth (二)单数复数词形相同:fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 学习必备 欢迎下载 2 小练习:写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _
4、 man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 小学英语(PEP 版)语法总结及习题 2一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No.1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成 1.be 动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男
5、孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加-s 或-es。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 3 一般现在时的变化 1.be 动词的变化。否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-
6、Are you a student?-Y es.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt 构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:-Do you often play football?-Y es,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does 构成一般疑问句。如:-Does sh
7、e go to work by bike?-Y es,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?动词+s 的变化规则 1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks 2以s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y 为i,再加-es,如:study-studies 一般现在时用法专练:则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢
8、迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 4 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch
9、)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the W orld Cup?6.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays?7._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike
10、 _(like)cooking.12.They _(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _(do)your homework well.15.I _(be)ill.Im staying in bed.16.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _(do)not like PE.18.The child often _(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(
11、have)eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be)it today?则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 5 Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子 1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_ 2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作
12、肯定回答)_ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_ 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_ 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_ 7.I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_ 8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_ 9.She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_ 10.Simon and Daniel like going
13、skating.(改为否定句)_ 四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1.Is your brother speak English?_ 2.Does he likes going fishing?_ 3.He likes play games after class._ 则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 6 4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._ 5.She dont do h er homewo
14、rk on Sundays._ 小学英语(PEP 版)语法总结及习题 3现在进行时 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing 的变化规则 1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste
15、-tasting 3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _make_ 则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 7 go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ liv
16、e_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the
17、 classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Y es,she is.三、句型转换:1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ _ 3Im playing the football in the playground
18、.(对划线部分进行提问)_ 4Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 8 _ 小学英语(PEP 版)语法总结及习题 4一般将来时 一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow
19、(后天)等。二、基本结构:be going to+do;will+do.三、否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not 或情态动词will 后加not 成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句:be 或will 提到句首,some 改为any,and 改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an
20、outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who 例如:I m going to New Y ork soon.Who s going to New Y ork soon.2.问干什么。What do.例如:My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nin
21、e.When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to=will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 9 练习:填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic wi
22、th my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday?I _ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go campin
23、g.(改否定)Nancy _ going to go camping.6.Ill go and join them.(改否定)I _ go _ join them.7.Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.则名词的复数变化一完全不规则二单数复数词形相同学习必备欢迎下载经常性或习惯性的动作如我每天六点起床表示客观现实如地
24、球绕着太阳备欢迎下载一般现在时的变化动词的变化否定句主语其它如他不是工人学习必备 欢迎下载 10 9.She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day.We _(have)
25、a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He _(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends?I usually _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects?15.Its Friday today.What _she _(do)this weekend?She _(watch)TV and _(catch)i
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