环境监测噪声实验报告.doc

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1、 环境监测噪声实验报告学 院： 班 级： 组 长: 实验日期 ： 2012年4月25日 环境噪声监测一、 目的要求（1）掌握环境噪声的监测方法；（2）熟悉声级计的使用；（3）掌握对非稳态的无规则噪声监测数据的处理方法；二、仪器设备： 声级计三、测量条件（1）天气条件要求在无雨无雪的时间，声级计应保持传声器膜片清洁，风力在三级以上必须加风罩（以避免风噪声干扰），四级以上大风应停止测量。（2）使用仪器是声级计。（3）手持仪器测量，传声器要求距离地面1.2m。四、测定步骤（1）将学校（或某一地区）划分2525m的网格，测量点选在每个网格的中心，若中心点的位置不宜测量，可移到旁边能够测量的位置。（2）

2、每组6人配置一台声级计，顺序到各网点测量，时间从8：0017：00，每一网格至少测量四次，时间间隔尽可能相同。（3）读数方式用慢档，每隔5秒读一个瞬时A声级，连续读取200个数据。读数同时要判断和记录附近主要噪声来源（如交通噪声、施工噪声、工厂或车间噪声、锅炉噪声）和天气条件。三、测量条件（1）天气条件要求在无雨无雪的时间，声级计应保持传声器膜片清洁，风力在三级以上必须加风罩（以避免风噪声干扰），四级以上大风应停止测量。（2）使用仪器是声级计。（3）手持仪器测量，传声器要求距离地面1.2m。五、数据处理环境噪声是随时间而起伏的无规律噪声，因此测量结果一般用统计值或等效声级来表示，本实验用等效声

3、级表示。 （1）将各网点每一次的测量数据（200个）顺序排列找出L10、L50、L90，求出等效声级Leq，再将该网点一整天的各次Leq值求出算术平均值，作为该网点的环境噪声评价量。 Leq = 10 lg =10lg式中 Li第i次读取的A声级；N取样总数测量数据如下：5.9023455.5183657.838535.9517065.7065147.4095325.792754.5272296.3032543.81165546.140.664.156.661.460.358.534.558.538.450.144.858.765.45067.952.534.552.437.660.349.6

4、50.971.350.560.750.536.65336.750.650.177.96257.375.15334.251.139.15642.176.957.251.377.252.734.446.837.953.539.363.858.455.363.949.933.659.537.651.239.169.959.24765.754.634.453.237.255.54.158.260.150.858.355.634.550.836.551.538.774.95848.564.457.734.764.336.651.943.257.857.55564.863.633.158.737.459.

5、63770.257.256.264.750.935.250.137.668.857.763.255.15062.458.634.353.338.252.344.769.160.252.362.649.137.85237.751.147.170.257.358.8635135.249.137.15138.274.258.443.568.254.250.250.841.25447.473.758.844.768.850.539.447.541.359.538635948.668.650.335.749.640.650.64678.360.444.964.648.334.355.650.254.74

6、7.975.852.249.261.94534.553.448.453.160.469.461.944.360.14342.859.239.150.659.661.555.149.56047.233.651.237.146.642.468.655.747.857.747.938.843.336.45055.767.76360.651.743.139.247.140.256.345.971.159.35160.948.639.353.63851.96074.852.568.15449.235.854.24355.65576.655.156.156.547.534.857.636.656.453.

7、969.660.253.957.449.337.445.936.154.856.272.455.652.159.748.233.554.135.655.247.862.857.651.960.855.333.849.236.255.849.365.462.456.568.646.237.460.537.968.754.877.455.850.46251.83955.538.757.444.268.957.149.655.653.935.75534.754.455.370.855.346.264.55043.35734.957.855.76053.848.656.558.740.151.936.

8、554.759.868.859.958.656.551.139.553.139.55555.572.360.353.557.645.645.957.637.154.24574.554.549.355.953.154.454.834.665.45267.561.570.559.352.444.355.335.95349.473.255.551.570.245.543.755.236.567.460.172.953.267.161.75045.355.339.551.852.978.157.453.657.649.545.251.537.156.457.466.656.851.566.451.94

9、8.655.734.663.843.965.155.95067.453.537.357.634.752.558.769.557.747.26850.743.953.534.76460.359.353.556.97749.841.954.435.554.45572.251.546.362.153.74350.73955.354.66663.54156.751.853.354.134.158.458.371.457.544.455.150.539.755.938.557.548.471.759.542.561.753.549.548.436.260.74369.65543.969.256.835.

10、545.237.865.154.866.455.246.365.856.147.545.13655.836.171.156.755.36452.352.956.635.658.440.865.554.745.666.947.35352.137504068.660.54758.250.143.844.634.449.942.469.358.248.3535159.746.535.252.944.273.159.247.760.151.347.853.334.547.352.765.759.344.169.15737.353.835.251.137.959.461.74267.450.335.25

11、8.13570.952.363.162.743.167.949.935.151.23654.642.359.463.448.8634735.954.937.755.35458.865.647.363.350.537.25337.354.95370.264.845625134.1543558.347.259.664.347.162.152.63655.135.253.649.362.266.344.358.856.635.454.934.353.44372.160.345.858.146.63861.135.154.23769.560.646.772.75437.56037.449.75059.

12、559.645.180.652.246.644.436.253.154.360.157.266.768.652.341.549.635.152.853.15562.243.873.452.249.958.53666.539.256.361.958.476.252.351.857.642.166.455.172.759.658.374.248.348.563.434.960.746.961.955.656.166.452.542.259.735.656.251.959.55850.666.754.738.55035.649.440.758.156.56065.656.740.755.134.95

13、6.64763.156.162.663.257.954.761.135.948.851.771.152.743.662.157.661.360.136.753.151.355.757.646.366.749.836.650.43548.946.267.357.848.363.65135.447.636.154.350.270.657.946.562.849.937.750.639.34756.376.656.564.968.657.539.35737.448.156.267.368.558.265.557.943.356.636.253.439.662.453.345.457.857.839.

14、359.335.149.354.662.354.844.363.255.541.461.63647.353.461.258.552.55851.535.954.142.154.253.17260.745.359.450.940.954.734.954.847.167.756.851.165.649.635.456.435.650.354.379.75847.459.747.53560.239.457.747.472.455.16258.454.135.964.537.254.657.172.862.462.46846.442.160.237.160.248.675.159.152.860.25

15、0.4366935.553.951.361.154.355.457.653.43750.136.655.242.665.555.155.759.151.935.153.53550.456.264.554.949.162.358.251.256.536.149.449.654.957.547.663.253.937.759.136.746.754.169.159.451.46351.534.354.135.548.659.364.460.945.568.25234.258.93650.148.170.365.143.767.350.935.353.735.556.551.171.157.751.

16、874.54835.959.535.358.242.274.555.863.172.951.134.357.736.249.552.369.252.954.673.246.938.648.235.551.848.856.953.247.170.3493852.735.55448.558.655.246.768.349.537.753.838.852.539.359.655.342.468.448.734.340.134.961.149.374.854.344.267.151.135.855.839.658.741.167.151.948.359.248.534.258.236.149.5536

17、5.455.552.771.848.63452.936.351.849.664.45168.671.651.536.151.135.951.949.567.952.551.572.950.539.156.536.268.647.769.459.652.57447.734.549.736.461.849.159.152.948.466.549.641.651.634.753.151.261.155.251.672.846.940.15735.151.248.272.455.346.96947.834.45635.846.549.667.653.547.961.347.635.455.935.45

18、3.844.168.856.74560.651.535.552.234.748.844.375.45750.765.75234.649.835.857.351.868.953.263.161.748.934.151.735.648.940.565.949.749.168.351.634.247.435.354.552.569.353.750.864.950.54548.834.357.348.967.751.944.469.759.548.443.334.168.338.97057.153.177.853.342.146.834.761.352.676.957.349.976.252.434.

19、951.636.460.551.673.956.255.375.758.543.747.834.45753.472.456.558.961.355.233.750.336.765.738.268.159.15564.855.339.652.335.262.453.969.159.344.457.554.14.851.634.353.555.466.161.249.5615341.854.634.349.854.176.856.562.269.354.635.849.43453.257.478.155.35167.454.833.357.633.554.648.17656.452.758.251

20、42.149.734.650.246.6785745.25649.445.247.334.148.649.481.755.844.266.753.836.553.933.453.358.171.757.645.355.252.249.148.736.454.343.771.955.549.860.541.338.149.535.951.552.968.754.146.557.155.940.449.434.955.648.277.959.748.962.652.952.149.837.152.238.18159.448.158.350.23348.637.653.947.864.262.250

21、.95952.233.15435.262.256.871.758.344.269.348.133.357.434.853.244.856.256.948.863.449.233.749.135.857.245.17454.152.157.149.63648.63451.750.161.256.457.259.254.635.750.235.548.852.982.554.159.76149.243.74734.84850.573.261.348.257.551.233.849.537.649.647.875.562.656.158.452.834.548.136.248.842.971.758

22、.947.959.864.533.655.73651.652.877.354.352.362.164.133.648.834.256.939.177.156.951.563.858.339.251.535.549.744.969.461.652.769.254.634.150.835.865.450.372.460.946.168.456.633.65338.452.851.470.856.756.170.568.233.656.743.455.646.679.158.248.553.565.534.758.535.35066.562.156.249.159.656.534.652.943.5

23、5448.968.458.747.860.260.133.950.638.253.645.769.15646.567.45734.147.334.960.240.871.456.945.761.762.53451.236.565.339.977.360.944.367.652.234.145.435.169.538.367.856.548.857.450.633.651.53563.655.369.858.843.861.663.354.552.935.367.351.376.358.352.462.472.735.565.335.853.84768.558.647.96455.134.653

24、.134.655.553.669.154.14853.856.742.958.735.559.24076.954.948.759.854.83759.734.656.639.475.362.747.560.55333.662.333.951.641.976.754.746.364.653.642.654.236.84555.856.255.847.35153.155.360.837.24660.759.261.146.354.65337.952.13650.757.669.353.747.564.253.434.153.341.458.770.366.758.354.354.154.935.3

25、50.941.853.242.272.357.451.752.65645.364.23851.757.974.857.650.759.3543649.935.354.551.459.859.451.762.156.435.548.736.842.256.158.266.548.961.452.636.346.135.552.246.972.76144.869.650.839.855.434.661.445.773.159.144.568.653.241.652.735.348.75668.456.350.47352.636.759.534.948.740.775.160.251.878.157

26、.149.960.536.651.760.179.660.549.567.955.63766.135.753.342.378.762.252.666.253.33666.73746.354.776.859.145.261.454.635.567.439.544.963.267.457.351.663.551.736.379.635.546.457.161.765.945.761.754.236.78244.154.366.263.355.766.363.853.134.775.539.850.163.775.55357.959.962.641.365.443.952.43971.165.266

27、.35875.242.360.337.651.141.865.161.67169.55836.355.839.952.646.270.25947.856.758.233.955.838.654.653.968.959.251.564.256.938.355.23757.256.467.259.545.960.554.436.759.137.6545073.45754.364.253.733.643.136.454.537.768.856.755.762.950.633.671.536.854.466.663.755.758.365.754.939.858.338.761.157.358.655

28、.463.56362.339.450.641.563.161.858.655.452.568.666.235.251.537.463.251.861.258.746.761.953.749.149.146.56550.963.554.448.57349.833.446.93952.749.361.453.747.471503542.737.159.152.365.554.942.572.250.833.651.343.354.353.872.358.445.360.952.434.565.737.554.543.863.259.254.3695337.849.641.651.952.269.3

29、60.146.75761.73054375.9023455.5183657.838535.9517065.7065147.4095325.792754.5272296.3032543.811655六、注意事项（1）声级计使用的电池电压不足时应更换。（2）每次测量前均应仔细校准声级计。 七、思考题：1、等效声级的作用是什么？答：某一段时间内的A声级按能量的平均值称为等效连续A声级，简称等效声级或平均声级。如果噪声是稳态的,等效声级就是该噪声的A计权声级。 等效声级是衡量人的噪声暴露量的一个重要物理量。国际标准化组织已采用等效声级的评价方法，许多国家的环境噪声标准也以等效声级为评价指标2、影响噪声测定的因素有那些？答：测定的仪器和选择的环境。