2013年12月四级真题及答案(第1套).pdf

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1、20132013 年年 1212 月英语四级考试真题及答案月英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套第一套)PartPartWriting(30 minutes)Writing(30 minutes)Directions:Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow.You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learningand

2、 then explain why education doesn t simply mean learning to obtain information.You shouldwrite at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。PartPartListeningListening Comprehension(30 minutes)Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:Directions:In this section,you wil

3、l hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At theend of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be apause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked

4、 A),B),C)and D),and decidewhich is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。1.A)The woman is now working in a kindergarten.B)The man will soon start a business of his own.C)The man would like to be a high schoolteach

5、er.D)The woman is going to major in child education.2.A)The furniture has to be rearranged.C)The conference room has to be cleaned.B)The sound equipment has to be set up.D)The video machine has to be checked.3.A)She is exhausted.C)She cannot finish work in time.B)She is near-sighted.D)She cannot go

6、straight home.4.A)The woman is too particular about food.C)The woman should order her food quickly.B)He would rather have a meal an hour later.D)He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches.5.A)He is not a good mechanic.C)He spends his spare time doing repairs.B)He doesnt keep his promises.D)He is alw

7、ays ready to offer help to others.6.A)Sam has a big family to support.B)Sam is not interested in traveling.C)The pay offered by the travel agency is too low.D)The work hours in the travel agency are too long.7.A)International trade.C)Financial consulting.B)Product development.D)Domestic retailing.8.

8、A)Go on a business trip.C)Make a ticket reservation.B)Look for a job in Miami.D)Take a vacation.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)It is located on Route 18.C)It is a beautiful little town.B)It has an interesting museum.D)It lies seven miles east of Newton.10.A)T

9、hey are in opposite directions.C)They are quite close to each other.B)They are fifty-five miles apart.D)They are a long drive from Nor walk.11.A)They are connected by Route 7.C)They have lots of old houses.B)They are crowded with tourists.D)They have many rare plants.Questions 12 to 15 are based on

10、the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan.B)Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.C)Fetch the documents signed by Mr Gartner.D)Accompany Mr Gartner to the Linate airport.13.A)About 8:30.C)About 5:30.B)About 6:30.D)About 4:15.14.A)

11、Mr Gartner from Milan.C)The companys sales representative.B)Gianni Riva at Megastar.D)Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce.15.A)Travel agent.C)Secretary.B)Business manager.D)Saleswoman.Section BSection BDirections:Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you

12、 willhear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question,you must choose he best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。Passa

13、ge OnePassage OneQuestions16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)She had a desire to help others.C)She needed some overseas experience.B)She wanted to find out more about it.D)She was interested in farming.17.A)Carry

14、out a cultural exchange program.C)Learn Portuguese.B)Work on an agricultural project.D)Teach English.18.A)She found it difficult to secure a job in her own country.B)She wanted to renew her contact with the Peace Corps.C)She was invited to work as an English teacher.D)She could not get the country o

15、ut of her mind.19.A)By teaching additional English classes.B)By writing stories for American newspapers.C)By working part time for the Peace Corps.D)By doing odd jobs for local institutions.Passage TwoPassage TwoQuestions20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions20 to 22 are bas

16、ed on the passage you have just heard.20.A)Time spent exercising.C)Time spent on leisure activities.B)Time spent working.D)Time spent with friends and family.21.A)Reading.C)Eating out.B)Surfing the Web.D)Watching TV.22.A)Driving.C)Going to the pub.B)Gardening.D)Visiting friends.Passage ThreePassage

17、ThreeQuestions23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A)The car driver was trying to avoid hitting a rabbit.B)The car driver was partly responsible for the accident.C)McLaughlin was talking to his manager while driving.D

18、)McLaughlins carelessness resulted in the collision.24.A)He crashed into a car parked there.C)He tore down the companys main gate.B)He knocked down several mailboxes.D)He did serious damage to a loaded truck.25.A)He will lose his job.C)He will be fined heavily.B)He will have to pay damages.D)He will

19、 receive retraining.Section CSection CDirections:Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for thefirst time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for thesecond time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exac

20、t words you have justheard.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you havewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate _26_,they replied.Because it is right.If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks,or why

21、 their menwear pants _27_ skirts,or why they may be married to only one person at a time,we are likelyto get _28_ and very uninformative answers:Because its right.Because thats the way itsdone.Because its the _29_.Or even I dont know.The reason for these and countlessother patterns of social behavio

22、r is that they are _30_ by social norms-shared rules orguidelines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate in a given situation.Norms _31_how people ought to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society.Weconform(遵守)to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they _32_.In f

23、act,we are muchmore likely to notice _33_ from norms than conformity to them.You would not be surprised ifa stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced,but you might be a little _34_ ifthey bowed,started to stroke you,or kissed you on both _35_ Yet each of these other formsof greeting is

24、appropriate in other parts of the world.When we visit another society whosenorms are different,we quickly become aware that things we do this way,they do that way.PartPart Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:In this section,there is a passag

25、e with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on An

26、swer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.What does it take to be a well-trained nurse?The answer used to be two-year associates orfour-year bachelors degree programs.But as the

27、nursing shortage _36_.a growing number ofschools and hospitals are establishing fast-track programs that enable college graduates withno nursing _37_ to become registered nurses with only a year or so of _38_ training.In 1991.there were only 40 fast-track curricula;now there are more than 200.Typica

28、l isColumbia Universitys Entry to Practice program.Students earn their bachelor of science innursing in a year.Those who stay on for an _39_ two years can earn a masters degree that_40_ them as nurse practitioners(执业护士)or clinical nurse specialists.Many students arc recent _41_;others are career swi

29、tchers.Rudy Guardron,32,a 2004graduate of Columbias program,was a premedical student in college and then worked for apharmaceutical(药物的)research company.At Columbia,he was _42_ as a nurse practitioner.I saw that nurses were in high _43_ and it looked like a really good opportunity,he says.Also.I did

30、nt want to be in school for that long.The fast-track trend fills a need,but its also creating some _44_ between newcomers andveterans.Nurses that are still at the bedside _45_ these kids with suspicion,says LindaPellico,who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years.They wonder,how can they

31、do itquicker?The answer is they dont.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。A）additionalB）appliedC）demandD）excessiveE）experienceF）exploresG）graduatesH）operationsI）promoteJ）qualifiesK）specializedL）tensionM）trainedN）viewO）worsensSection BSection BDirections:Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with

32、ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraphis marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Ans

33、werSheet 2.The rise of the sharing economyA)Last night 40 000 people rented accommodation from a service that offers 250 000 rooms in30 000 cities in 192 countries.They chose their rooms and paid for everything online.But theirbeds were provided by private individuals,rather than a hotel chain.Hosts

34、 and guests werematched up by Airbnb,a firm based in San Francisco.Since its launch in 2008 more than 4 millionpeople have used it 2.5 million of them in 2012 alone.It is the most prominent example of ahuge new sharing economy,in which people rent beds,cars,boats and other assets directlyfrom each o

35、ther,co-ordinated via the internet.B)You might think this is no different from running a bed-and-breakfast(家庭旅店),owning atimeshare(分时度假房)or participating in a car pool.But technology has reduced transactioncosts,making sharing assets cheaper and easier than ever-and therefore possible on a muchlarge

36、r scale.The big change is the availability of more data about people and things,which allowsphysical assets to be divided and consumed as services.Before the internet,renting a surfboard,a power tool or a parking space from someone else was feasible,but was usually more troublethan it was worth.Now

37、websites such as Airbnb,Relay Rides and SnapGoods match up ownersand renters;smartphones with GPS let people sec where the nearest rentable car is parked;social networks provide a way to check up on people and build trust;and online paymentsystems handle the billing.Whats mine is yours,for a feeC)Ju

38、st as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer,sharing sites letindividuals act as an ad hoc(临时的)taxi service,car-hire firm or boutique hotel(精品酒店)asand when it suits them.Just go online or download an app.The model works for items that areexpensive to buy and are widely o

39、wned by people who do not make full use of them.Bedroomsand cars are the most obvious examples,but you can also rent camping spaces in Sweden,fieldsin Australia and washing machines in France.As advocates of the sharing economy like to put it,access trumps(胜过)ownership.D)Rachel Botsman,the author of

40、 a book on the subject,says the consumer peer-to-peer rentalmarket alone is worth$26 billion.Broader definitions of the sharing economy includepeer-to-peer lending or putting a solar panel on your roof and selling power back to the grid(电网).And it is not just individuals:the web makes it easier for

41、companies to rent out spare officesand idle machines,too.But the core of the sharing economy is people renting things from eachother.E)Such collaborative(合作的)consumption is a good thing for several reasons.Owners makemoney from underused assets.Airbnb says hosts in San Francisco who rent out their h

42、omes doso for an average of 58 nights a year,making$9300.Car owners who rent their vehicles to othersusing RelayRides make an average of$250 a month;some make more than$1000.Renters,meanwhile,pay less than they would if they bought the item themselves,or turned to atraditional provider such as a hot

43、el or car-hire firm.And there are environmental benefits,too:renting a car when you need it,rather than owning one,means fewer cars are required andfewer resources must be devoted to making them.F)For sociable souls,meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm.Curmudgeons(倔脾气的人)

44、who imagine that every renter is a murderer can still stay atconventional hotels.For others,the web fosters trust.As well as the background checks carriedout by platform owners,online reviews and ratings are usually posted by both parties to eachtransaction,which makes it easy to spot bad drivers,ba

45、throbe-thieves and surfboard-wreckers.By using Facebook and other social networks,participants can check each other out and identifyfriends(or friends of friends)in common.An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2011.Butthe remarkable thing is how well the system usually works.Peering into the f

46、utureG)The sharing economy is a little like online shopping,which started in America 15 years ago.Atfirst,people were worried about security.But having made a successful purchase from,say,Amazon,they felt safe buying elsewhere.Similarly,using Airbnb or a car-hire service for the firsttime encourages

47、 people to try other offerings.Next,consider eBay.Having started out as apeer-to-peer marketplace,it is now dominated by professional power sellers(many of whomstarted out as ordinary eBay users).The same may happen with the sharing economy,which alsoprovides new opportunities for enterprise.Some pe

48、ople have bought cars solely to rent themout,for example.H)Existing rental businesses are getting involved too.Avis,a car-hire firm,has a share in asharing rival.So do GM and Daimler,two carmakers.In future,companies may develop hybrid(混合的)models,listing excess capacity(whether vehicles,equipment or

49、 office space)onpeer-to-peer rental sites.In the past,new ways of doing things online have not displaced the oldways entirely.But they have often changed them.Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart andTesco to adapt,so online sharing will shake up transport,tourism,equipment-hire and more.I)The m

50、ain worry is regulatory uncertainty.Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes,forexample?In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels.Insome American cities,peer-to-peer taxi services have been banned after lobbying by traditionaltaxi firms.The danger is that al